{"id":1532,"date":"2023-07-25T23:59:19","date_gmt":"2023-07-25T23:59:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/ar\/%d8%b0%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%94%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%83\/"},"modified":"2023-07-25T23:59:19","modified_gmt":"2023-07-25T23:59:19","slug":"%d8%b0%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%94%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%83","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/ar\/%d8%b0%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%94%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%83\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0646: \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0646<\/strong> \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 <strong>\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0646<\/strong> \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/ar\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a-\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629<\/a> \u0628\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\">\n<li style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0639\u062f\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u062c\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0632\u0626\u0629<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>1. \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 -2 \u06482\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u064b\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>2. \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 p \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 0.05)\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a R \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0646<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0644\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0647 (&#8220;\u0623&#8221; \u0623\u0648 &#8220;\u0628&#8221; \u0623\u0648 &#8220;\u062c&#8221;) \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 (\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646 0 \u0625\u0644\u0649 100). ).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 1: \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u064a\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 1000 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0644:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#make this example reproducible\n<\/span>set. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">seeds<\/span> (1)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create dataset\n<\/span>data &lt;- data. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">frame<\/span> (offers = c(rep(0, 700), rep(1, 100), rep(2, 100),\n                              rep(3, 70), rep(4, 30)),\n                   division = sample(c(' <span style=\"color: #008000;\">A<\/span> ', ' <span style=\"color: #008000;\">B<\/span> ', ' <span style=\"color: #008000;\">C<\/span> '), 100, replace = <span style=\"color: #008000;\">TRUE<\/span> ),\n                   exam = c(runif(700, 60, 90), runif(100, 65, 95),\n                            runif(200, 75, 95)))\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#view first six rows of dataset\n<\/span>head(data)\n\n  offers division exam\n1 0 A 66.22635\n2 0 C 66.85974\n3 0 A 77.87136\n4 0 B 77.24617\n5 0 A 62.31193\n6 0 C 61.06622<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 2: \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#fit Poisson regression model\n<\/span>p_model &lt;- glm(offers ~ division + exam, family = ' <span style=\"color: #008000;\">fish<\/span> ', data = data)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#fit negative binomial regression model\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #993300;\">library<\/span> (MASS)\n\nnb_model &lt;- glm. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">nb<\/span> (offers ~ division + exam, data = data)\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 3: \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0646.<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#Residual plot for Poisson regression\n<\/span>p_res &lt;- <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">resid<\/span> (p_model)\nplot(fitted(p_model), p_res, col=' <span style=\"color: #008000;\">steelblue<\/span> ', pch=16,\n     xlab=' <span style=\"color: #008000;\">Predicted Offers<\/span> ', ylab=' <span style=\"color: #008000;\">Standardized Residuals<\/span> ', main=' <span style=\"color: #008000;\">Poisson<\/span> ')\nabline(0,0)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#Residual plot for negative binomial regression<\/span>\nnb_res &lt;- <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">resid<\/span> (nb_model)\nplot(fitted(nb_model), nb_res, col=' <span style=\"color: #008000;\">steelblue<\/span> ', pch=16,\n     xlab=' <span style=\"color: #008000;\">Predicted Offers<\/span> ', ylab=' <span style=\"color: #008000;\">Standardized Residuals<\/span> ', main=' <span style=\"color: #008000;\">Negative Binomial<\/span> ')\nabline(0,0)<\/strong> <\/pre>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-15231 \" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/negatifbinom1.png\" alt=\"\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0646\" width=\"679\" height=\"327\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"\"><\/p>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0646 (\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f 3) \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0646.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 4: \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0630\u0648 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong>pchisq(2 * ( <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">logLik<\/span> (nb_model) - <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">logLik<\/span> (p_model)), df = 1, lower. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">tail<\/span> = <span style=\"color: #008000;\">FALSE<\/span> )\n\n'log Lik.' 3.508072e-29 (df=5)\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 p \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u064a <strong>3.508072e-29<\/strong> \u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 0.05.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0646.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/ar\/\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639-\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a-1-\u0630\u0648-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0646\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0646<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/ar\/\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639-\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0654\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0646<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629. \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629: \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0646 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