{"id":3428,"date":"2023-07-17T13:07:49","date_gmt":"2023-07-17T13:07:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/ar\/%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b9%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%8a%d9%86-t-%d9%81%d9%8a-r\/"},"modified":"2023-07-17T13:07:49","modified_gmt":"2023-07-17T13:07:49","slug":"%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b9%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%8a%d9%86-t-%d9%81%d9%8a-r","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/ar\/%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b9%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%8a%d9%86-t-%d9%81%d9%8a-r\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 t \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a r"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

\n

\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 t \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646<\/a> \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0645 \u0644\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 t \u0630\u0648 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a R:<\/span><\/p>\n

 t. test<\/span> (group1, group2, var. equal<\/span> = TRUE<\/span> ) \n<\/strong><\/pre>\n
 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629<\/strong> : \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f var.equal=TRUE<\/strong> \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 R \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646.<\/span><\/p>\n
 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 t \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a R \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n
 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 T \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a R<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
 \u0644\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639.<\/span><\/p>\n
 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0642\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629<\/a> \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 12 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0648\u0639.<\/span><\/p>\n
 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 t \u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a R \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646:<\/span><\/p>\n
 #create vectors to hold plant heights from each sample\n<\/span>group1 <- c(8, 8, 9, 9, 9, 11, 12, 13, 13, 14, 15, 19)\ngroup2 <- c(11, 12, 13, 13, 14, 14, 14, 15, 16, 18, 18, 19)\n\n<\/strong>#perform two sample t-tests\n<\/span>t. test<\/span> (group1, group2, var. equal<\/span> = TRUE<\/span> )\n\n\tTwo Sample t-test\n\ndata: group1 and group2\nt = -2.5505, df = 22, p-value = 0.01823\nalternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0\n95 percent confidence interval:\n -5.5904820 -0.5761847\nsample estimates:\nmean of x mean of y \n 11.66667 14.75000 \n<\/strong><\/pre>\n
 \u0648\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631:<\/span><\/p>\n
 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n
 t:<\/strong> \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 t. \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0648 -2.5505<\/strong> .<\/span><\/p>\n
 df<\/strong> : \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 n 1<\/sub> + n 2<\/sub> \u2013 2 = 12 + 12 \u2013 2 = 22<\/strong> .<\/span><\/p>\n
 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 p:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 p \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 -2.5505 \u0648df = 22. \u0648\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 p \u0647\u064a .01823<\/strong> . \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 T Score to P Value<\/a> .<\/span><\/p>\n
 \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u062b\u0642\u0629 95%:<\/strong> \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u062b\u0642\u0629 95% \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646. \u0627\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646\u0647 [-5.59, -.576]<\/strong> .<\/span><\/p>\n
 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629:<\/strong> \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/a> \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 1 11.667<\/strong> \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 2 14.75<\/strong> .<\/span><\/p>\n
 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 t \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/span><\/p>\n
 H 0<\/sub> :<\/strong> \u03bc 1<\/sub> = \u03bc 2<\/sub> (\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627\u0646)<\/span><\/p>\n
 H A<\/sub> :<\/strong> \u03bc 1<\/sub> \u2260\u03bc 2<\/sub> (\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631<\/em> \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646)<\/span><\/p>\n
 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 p \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (0.01823)<\/strong> \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 0.05\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n
 \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n
 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 t.test()<\/strong> \u0641\u064a R \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/span><\/p>\n
 t. test<\/span> (x, y, alternative=\"two.sided\", mu=0, paired=FALSE, var.equal=FALSE, conf.level=0.95)<\/span><\/strong><\/pre>\n
 \u0630\u0647\u0628:<\/span><\/p>\n
 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 R \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 Welch’s t-test<\/a> \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n