{"id":484,"date":"2023-07-29T18:10:23","date_gmt":"2023-07-29T18:10:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/ar\/%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%81%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%aa%d8%b7%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%b9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%b5\/"},"modified":"2023-07-29T18:10:23","modified_gmt":"2023-07-29T18:10:23","slug":"%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%81%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%aa%d8%b7%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%b9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%b5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/ar\/%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%81%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%aa%d8%b7%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%b9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%b5\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a r"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0646 &#8220;\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u0635\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 0 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0646 1.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0643 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629) \u0648\u062a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0646 0 \u0625\u0644\u0649 100000 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0646 0 \u0625\u0644\u0649 100\u060c \u0641\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0634\u064a\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0628 (\u0645\u0646 0 \u0625\u0644\u0649 100000 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631) \u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 (\u0645\u0646 0 \u0625\u0644\u0649 100 \u0639\u0627\u0645).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639 (\u0623\u0648 &#8220;\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633&#8221;) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\">\n<li style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649:<\/strong> (X \u2013 min(X)) \/ (max(X) \u2013 min(X))<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 Z:<\/span><\/strong> (X &#8211; \u03bc) \/ \u03c3<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0633\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0647\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a R.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639 (\u0623\u0648 &#8220;\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633&#8221;) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a R<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 <strong>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629<\/strong> \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a R \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a R:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #e5e5e5; font-size: 15px;\"> <span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>#view first six rows of <em>iris<\/em> dataset\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">head(iris)\n\n# Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width Species\n#1 5.1 3.5 1.4 0.2 setosa\n#2 4.9 3.0 1.4 0.2 setosa\n#3 4.7 3.2 1.3 0.2 setosa\n#4 4.6 3.1 1.5 0.2 setosa\n#5 5.0 3.6 1.4 0.2 setosa\n#6 5.4 3.9 1.7 0.4 setosa\n<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/pre>\n<h3 style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649-\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0647\u064a:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;;text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">(X \u2013 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 (X))\/(\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 (X) \u2013 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 (X))<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a R\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/ar\/\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644-\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642-lapply-sapply-\u0648tapply-\u0641\u064a-r\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">laply<\/a> \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0632\u062d\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #e5e5e5; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#define Min-Max normalization function<\/span>\nmin_max_norm &lt;- <span style=\"color: #800080;\">function<\/span> (x) {\n    (x - min(x)) \/ (max(x) - min(x))\n  }\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#apply Min-Max normalization to first four columns in <em>iris<\/em> dataset\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">iris_norm &lt;- as.data.frame(lapply(iris[1:4], min_max_norm))\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#view first six rows of normalized <em>iris<\/em> dataset<\/span>\nhead(iris_norm)\n\n# Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width\n#1 0.22222222 0.6250000 0.06779661 0.04166667\n#2 0.16666667 0.4166667 0.06779661 0.04166667\n#3 0.11111111 0.5000000 0.05084746 0.04166667\n#4 0.08333333 0.4583333 0.08474576 0.04166667\n#5 0.19444444 0.6666667 0.06779661 0.04166667\n#6 0.30555556 0.7916667 0.11864407 0.12500000\n<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/pre>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 0 \u06481. \u0648\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639&#8221; \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0627. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #e5e5e5; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#add back <em>Species<\/em> column<\/span>\niris_norm$Species &lt;- iris$Species\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#view first six rows of <em>iris_norm\n<\/em><\/span>head(iris_norm)\n\n# Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width Species\n#1 0.22222222 0.6250000 0.06779661 0.04166667 setosa\n#2 0.16666667 0.4166667 0.06779661 0.04166667 setosa\n#3 0.11111111 0.5000000 0.05084746 0.04166667 setosa\n#4 0.08333333 0.4583333 0.08474576 0.04166667 setosa\n#5 0.19444444 0.6666667 0.06779661 0.04166667 setosa\n#6 0.30555556 0.7916667 0.11864407 0.12500000 setosa\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<h3 style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 Z<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0639\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639 min-max \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 z \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 z \u0647\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;;text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">(X &#8211; \u03bc) \/ \u03c3<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062b\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a R\u060c \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>1. \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 Sepal.Width \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0632\u062d\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #e5e5e5; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#standardize<\/span> <span style=\"color: #008080;\"><em>Sepal.Width\n<\/em><\/span>iris$Sepal.Width &lt;- (iris$Sepal.Width - mean(iris$Sepal.Width)) \/ sd(iris$Sepal.Width)\n\nhead(iris)\n\n# Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width Species\n#1 5.1 1.01560199 1.4 0.2 setosa\n#2 4.9 -0.13153881 1.4 0.2 setosa\n#3 4.7 0.32731751 1.3 0.2 setosa\n#4 4.6 0.09788935 1.5 0.2 setosa\n#5 5.0 1.24503015 1.4 0.2 setosa\n#6 5.4 1.93331463 1.7 0.4 setosa\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u064a\u0645 <em>Sepal.Width<\/em> \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 0 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a 1. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u0627:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #e5e5e5; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#find mean of <em>Sepal.Width\n<\/em><\/span>mean(iris$Sepal.Width)\n\n#[1] 2.034094e-16 <span style=\"color: #008080;\">#basically zero<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#find standard deviation of <em>Sepal.Width\n<\/em><\/span>sd(iris$Sepal.Width)\n\n#[1] 1<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>2. \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0621 \u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 <em>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/em> . \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0632\u062d\u064a\u0629<\/strong> :<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #e5e5e5; font-size: 15px;\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#standardize first four columns of <em>iris<\/em> dataset<\/span>\niris_standardize &lt;- as.data.frame(scale(iris[1:4]))\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#view first six rows of standardized dataset<\/span>\n<\/strong><\/span><strong>head(iris_standardize)\n\n# Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width\n#1 -0.8976739 1.01560199 -1.335752 -1.311052\n#2 -1.1392005 -0.13153881 -1.335752 -1.311052\n#3 -1.3807271 0.32731751 -1.392399 -1.311052\n#4 -1.5014904 0.09788935 -1.279104 -1.311052\n#5 -1.0184372 1.24503015 -1.335752 -1.311052\n#6 -0.5353840 1.93331463 -1.165809 -1.048667\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 <em>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/em> \u060c \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0644\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0633\u0646\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 <strong>\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0632\u062d\u064a\u0629)<\/strong> \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f <em>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639<\/em> \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0647:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #e5e5e5; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong>scale(iris)\n\n#Error in colMeans(x, na.rm = TRUE): 'x' must be numeric\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0645\u0629 <strong>dplyr<\/strong> . \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a <em>Sepal.Width<\/em> \u0648 <em>Sepal.Length<\/em> \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #e5e5e5; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#load <em>dplyr<\/em> package<\/span>\nlibrary(dplyr)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#standardize <em>Sepal.Width<\/em> and <em>Sepal.Length<\/em>\n<\/span>iris_new &lt;- iris %&gt;% mutate_each_(list(~scale(.) %&gt;% as.vector),\n                                  vars = c(\"Sepal.Width\",\"Sepal.Length\"))\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#view first six rows of new data frame\n<\/span>head(iris_new)\n\n# Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width Species\n#1 -0.8976739 1.01560199 1.4 0.2 setosa\n#2 -1.1392005 -0.13153881 1.4 0.2 setosa\n#3 -1.3807271 0.32731751 1.3 0.2 setosa\n#4 -1.5014904 0.09788935 1.5 0.2 setosa\n#5 -1.0184372 1.24503015 1.4 0.2 setosa\n#6 -0.5353840 1.93331463 1.7 0.4 setosa\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f <em>Sepal.Length<\/em> \u0648 <em>Sepal.Width<\/em> \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 0 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a 1\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0646 &#8220;\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u0635\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 0 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0646 1. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0643 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a 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