如何重命名 mongodb 中的字段(3 个示例)
您可以使用以下方法来重命名 MongoDB 中的字段:
方法一:重命名字段
db.collection.updateMany({}, { $rename :{" oldField ":" newField "}}, false, true)
方法2:重命名多个字段
db.collection.updateMany({}, { $rename :{" old1 ":" new1 ", " old2 ":" new2 "}}, false, true)
方法 3:重命名子字段
db.collection.updateMany({}, { $rename :{" field.oldSub ":" field.newSub "}}, false, true)
请注意, $rename 函数中的false, true表示{upsert:false, multi:true} 。
您需要multi:true来更新所有文档中的字段名称。
以下示例展示了如何通过收集团队使用每种方法并提供以下文档:
db.teams.insertOne({team: "Mavs", class: {conf: "Western", div: "A"}, points: 31 }) db.teams.insertOne({team: "Spurs", class: {conf: "Western", div: "A"}, points: 22 }) db.teams.insertOne({team: "Jazz", class: {conf: "Western", div: "B"}, points: 19 }) db.teams.insertOne({team: "Celtics", class: {conf: "Eastern", div: "C"}, points: 26 }) db.teams.insertOne({team: "Cavs", class: {conf: "Eastern", div: "D"}, points: 33 }) db.teams.insertOne({team: "Nets", class: {conf: "Eastern", div: "D"}, points: 38 })
示例 1:重命名字段
我们可以使用以下代码将team字段重命名为new_team :
db.teams.updateMany({}, { $rename :{" team ":" new_team "}}, false, true)
这就是文档现在的样子:
{ _id: ObjectId("62017ce6fd435937399d6b58"), class: { conf: 'Western', div: 'A' }, points: 31, new_team: 'Mavs' } { _id: ObjectId("62017ce6fd435937399d6b59"), class: { conf: 'Western', div: 'A' }, points: 22, new_team: 'Spurs' } { _id: ObjectId("62017ce6fd435937399d6b5a"), class: { conf: 'Western', div: 'B' }, points: 19, new_team: 'Jazz' } { _id: ObjectId("62017ce6fd435937399d6b5b"), class: { conf: 'Eastern', div: 'C' }, points: 26, new_team: 'Celtics' } { _id: ObjectId("62017ce6fd435937399d6b5c"), class: { conf: 'Eastern', div: 'D' }, points: 33, new_team: 'Cavs' } { _id: ObjectId("62017ce6fd435937399d6b5d"), class: { conf: 'Eastern', div: 'D' }, points: 38, new_team: 'Nets' }
请注意,每个文档的team字段已重命名为new_team 。
示例 2:重命名多个字段
我们可以使用以下代码将team字段重命名为new_team ,将Points字段重命名为new_points :
db.teams.updateMany({}, { $rename :{" team ":" new_team ", " points ":" new_points "}}, false, true)
这就是文档现在的样子:
{ _id: ObjectId("62017ce6fd435937399d6b58"), class: { conf: 'Western', div: 'A' }, new_team: 'Mavs', new_points: 31 } { _id: ObjectId("62017ce6fd435937399d6b59"), class: { conf: 'Western', div: 'A' }, new_team: 'Spurs', new_points: 22 } { _id: ObjectId("62017ce6fd435937399d6b5a"), class: { conf: 'Western', div: 'B' }, new_team: 'Jazz', new_points: 19 } { _id: ObjectId("62017ce6fd435937399d6b5b"), class: { conf: 'Eastern', div: 'C' }, new_team: 'Celtics', new_points: 26 } { _id: ObjectId("62017ce6fd435937399d6b5c"), class: { conf: 'Eastern', div: 'D' }, new_team: 'Cavs', new_points: 33 } { _id: ObjectId("62017ce6fd435937399d6b5d"), class: { conf: 'Eastern', div: 'D' }, new_team: 'Nets', new_points: 38 }
请注意,每个文档中的团队字段和积分字段均已重命名。
示例 3:重命名子字段
我们可以使用下面的代码来重命名div类字段中的div子字段:
db.teams.updateMany({}, { $rename :{" class.div ":" class.division "}}, false, true)
这就是文档现在的样子:
{ _id: ObjectId("62017e21fd435937399d6b5e"), team: 'Mavs', class: { conf: 'Western', division: 'A' }, points: 31 } { _id: ObjectId("62017e21fd435937399d6b5f"), team: 'Spurs', class: { conf: 'Western', division: 'A' }, points: 22 } { _id: ObjectId("62017e21fd435937399d6b60"), team: 'Jazz', class: { conf: 'Western', division: 'B' }, points: 19 } { _id: ObjectId("62017e21fd435937399d6b61"), team: 'Celtics', class: { conf: 'Eastern', division: 'C' }, points: 26 } { _id: ObjectId("62017e21fd435937399d6b62"), team: 'Cavs', class: { conf: 'Eastern', division: 'D' }, points: 33 } { _id: ObjectId("62017e21fd435937399d6b63"), team: 'Nets', class: { conf: 'Eastern', division: 'D' }, points: 38 }
请注意,类字段中的div子字段已在每个文档中重命名为“division” 。
注意:您可以在此处找到$rename函数的完整文档。
其他资源
以下教程解释了如何在 MongoDB 中执行其他常见操作: