{"id":369,"date":"2023-08-01T17:06:00","date_gmt":"2023-08-01T17:06:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/cn\/%e7%bb%9f%e8%ae%a1%e6%a0%b7%e6%9c%ac\/"},"modified":"2023-08-01T17:06:00","modified_gmt":"2023-08-01T17:06:00","slug":"%e7%bb%9f%e8%ae%a1%e6%a0%b7%e6%9c%ac","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/cn\/%e7%bb%9f%e8%ae%a1%e6%a0%b7%e6%9c%ac\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7edf\u8ba1\u6837\u672c"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u672c\u6587\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u7edf\u8ba1\u6837\u672c\u53ca\u5176\u7528\u9014\u3002\u60a8\u8fd8\u5c06\u80fd\u591f\u770b\u5230\u603b\u4f53\u548c\u6837\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u4ee5\u53ca\u7edf\u8ba1\u6837\u672c\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5b83\u8fd8\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u6837\u672c\u5fc5\u987b\u5177\u5907\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7279\u5f81\u3002 <\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%c2%bfque-es-una-muestra-estadistica\"><\/span>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u7edf\u8ba1\u6837\u672c\uff1f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u7edf\u8ba1\u6837\u672c<\/strong>\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u7edf\u8ba1\u603b\u4f53\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u4e2a\u4f53\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u6837\u672c\u662f\u8fdb\u884c\u7edf\u8ba1\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u603b\u4f53\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u9009\u4e3e\u8c03\u67e5\u65f6\uff0c\u7edf\u8ba1\u6837\u672c\u7531\u6240\u6709\u63a5\u53d7\u8c03\u67e5\u7684\u4eba\u7ec4\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u505a\u7814\u7a76\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7814\u7a76\u7ec4\u6210\u7814\u7a76\u7ec4\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u524d\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u68c0\u67e5\u6240\u6709\u5728\u9009\u4e3e\u4e2d\u6295\u7968\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u6765\u4ec5\u5206\u6790\u7814\u7a76\u7ec4\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u5916\u63a8\u5230\u6574\u4e2a\u7ec4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7edf\u8ba1\u63a8\u65ad\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u4ece\u6837\u672c\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\u4ee5\u975e\u5e38\u5c0f\u7684\u8bef\u5dee\u8303\u56f4\u786e\u5b9a\u603b\u4f53\u53c2\u6570\u3002 <\/p>\n<div style=\"background-color:#FFFDE7; padding-top: 10px; padding-bottom: 10px; padding-right: 20px; padding-left: 30px; border: 2.5px dashed #FFB74D; border-radius:20px;\"> <span style=\"color:#ff951b\">\u27a4<\/span><strong>\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605\uff1a<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/cn\/\u63a8\u8bba\u7edf\u8ba1\/\">\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u63a8\u8bba\u7edf\u8ba1\uff1f<\/a><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"muestra-y-poblacion\"><\/span>\u6837\u672c\u548c\u603b\u4f53<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u603b\u4f53\u662f\u4e00\u7ec4\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u4f3c\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u7edf\u8ba1\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u53ef\u4ee5\u79f0\u4e3a\u7edf\u8ba1\u603b\u4f53\u6216\u7b80\u79f0\u4e3a\u603b\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7edf\u8ba1\u6837\u672c\u548c\u7edf\u8ba1\u603b\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02<\/strong>\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u5143\u7d20\u603b\u6570\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6837\u672c\u662f\u603b\u4f53\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u6784\u6210\u8981\u5206\u6790\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6837\u672c\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5c06\u59cb\u7ec8\u5c0f\u4e8e\u6216\u7b49\u4e8e\u603b\u4f53\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002 <\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/population-et-echantillon.png\" alt=\"\u6837\u672c\u548c\u603b\u4f53\" class=\"wp-image-841\" width=\"368\" height=\"369\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/figure>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u5bf9\u4e00\u5bb6\u5de5\u5382\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\u96f6\u4ef6\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u8fdb\u884c\u7edf\u8ba1\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u6709\u5236\u9020\u7684\u96f6\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u4f1a\u7814\u7a76\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u96f6\u4ef6\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u603b\u4f53\u7531\u5de5\u5382\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u96f6\u4ef6\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6837\u672c\u662f\u7edf\u8ba1\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5206\u6790\u7684\u6240\u6709\u96f6\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u8fdb\u884c\u7edf\u8ba1\u8c03\u67e5\u7684\u6837\u672c\u80fd\u591f\u4ee3\u8868\u603b\u4f53\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4ece\u6837\u672c\u4e2d\u5f97\u51fa\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u53ef\u4ee5\u5916\u63a8\u5230\u6574\u4e2a\u603b\u4f53\u3002\u7136\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u4ece\u6837\u672c\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u4e2a\u4f53\u3002 <\/p>\n<div style=\"background-color:#FFFDE7; padding-top: 10px; padding-bottom: 10px; padding-right: 20px; padding-left: 30px; border: 2.5px dashed #FFB74D; border-radius:20px;\"> <span style=\"color:#ff951b\">\u27a4<\/span><strong>\u53c2\u89c1\uff1a<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/cn\/\u7edf\u8ba1\u4eba\u53e3\/\">\u4eba\u53e3\u7edf\u8ba1<\/a><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"muestra-y-muestreo\"><\/span> \u6837\u54c1\u4e0e\u62bd\u6837<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c<strong>\u62bd\u6837<\/strong>\u662f\u4ece\u603b\u4f53\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u6837\u672c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u62bd\u6837\u662f\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u7ec4\u4e2a\u4f53\u8fdb\u884c\u7edf\u8ba1\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u62bd\u6837\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u4e2a\u4f53\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u7814\u7a76\u7edf\u8ba1\u603b\u4f53\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7b80\u5355\u968f\u673a\u62bd\u6837\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u7814\u7a76\u6837\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u5bf9\u603b\u4f53\u8fdb\u884c\u62bd\u6837\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u4f18\u70b9\u548c\u7f3a\u70b9\u3002\u5355\u51fb\u4ee5\u4e0b\u94fe\u63a5\u67e5\u770b\u7edf\u8ba1\u62bd\u6837\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u3002 <\/p>\n<div style=\"background-color:#FFFDE7; padding-top: 10px; padding-bottom: 10px; padding-right: 20px; padding-left: 30px; border: 2.5px dashed #FFB74D; border-radius:20px;\"> <span style=\"color:#ff951b\">\u27a4<\/span><strong>\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605\uff1a<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/cn\/\u7edf\u8ba1\u62bd\u6837\/\">\u7edf\u8ba1\u62bd\u6837<\/a><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"tamano-de-una-muestra\"><\/span>\u6837\u672c\u91cf<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u6837\u672c\u91cf<\/strong>\uff08\u6216<strong>\u6837\u672c\u91cf<\/strong>\uff09\u662f\u6784\u6210\u7814\u7a76\u6837\u672c\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u5728\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u6837\u672c\u624d\u80fd\u4ee3\u8868\u6574\u4e2a\u603b\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u8eab\u9ad8\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u8981\u6c42\u8be5\u56fd\u6240\u6709\u5c45\u6c11\u7684\u8eab\u9ad8\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6d4b\u91cf\u65f6\u95f4\u4f1a\u5f88\u957f\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6210\u672c\u592a\u9ad8\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u968f\u673a\u62bd\u6837\u5e76\u4ec5\u91c7\u8bbf\u603b\u4f53\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u6837\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7edf\u8ba1\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u5fc5\u987b\u8db3\u591f\u5927\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u4ee3\u8868\u6574\u4e2a\u4eba\u7fa4\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u4e0d\u80fd\u592a\u5927\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6837\u7814\u7a76\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u6602\u8d35\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u8981\u9002\u5f53\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u592a\u5927\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u592a\u5c0f\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6b64\u5904\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u8ba1\u7b97\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u6837\u672c\u91cf\uff1a <\/p>\n<div style=\"background-color:#FFFDE7; padding-top: 10px; padding-bottom: 10px; padding-right: 20px; padding-left: 30px; border: 2.5px dashed #FFB74D; border-radius:20px;\"> <span style=\"color:#ff951b\">\u27a4<\/span><strong>\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605\uff1a<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/cn\/\u6837\u672c\u91cf\/\">\u5982\u4f55\u8ba1\u7b97\u6837\u672c\u91cf<\/a><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"muestra-representativa\"><\/span>\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u6837\u672c<span 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