{"id":57,"date":"2023-08-05T23:19:25","date_gmt":"2023-08-05T23:19:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/cn\/%e9%85%8d%e9%a2%9d%e6%8a%bd%e6%a0%b71\/"},"modified":"2023-08-05T23:19:25","modified_gmt":"2023-08-05T23:19:25","slug":"%e9%85%8d%e9%a2%9d%e6%8a%bd%e6%a0%b71","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/cn\/%e9%85%8d%e9%a2%9d%e6%8a%bd%e6%a0%b71\/","title":{"rendered":"\u914d\u989d\u62bd\u6837"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u89e3\u91ca\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u914d\u989d\u62bd\u6837\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u60a8\u5c06\u627e\u5230\u914d\u989d\u62bd\u6837\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u7c7b\u62bd\u6837\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u62bd\u6837\u76f8\u6bd4\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u548c\u7f3a\u70b9\u3002 <\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%c2%bfque-es-el-muestreo-por-cuotas\"><\/span>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u914d\u989d\u62bd\u6837\uff1f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u914d\u989d\u62bd\u6837<\/strong>\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9009\u62e9\u4e2a\u4eba\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7edf\u8ba1\u7814\u7a76\u6837\u672c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u914d\u989d\u62bd\u6837\u4e2d\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u5efa\u7acb\u5177\u6709\u81f3\u5c11\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u7fa4\u4f53\uff08\u6216\u9636\u5c42\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4ece\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u914d\u989d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f62\u6210\u7814\u7a76\u6837\u672c\u3002 <\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/echantillonnage-par-quotas.png\" alt=\"\u914d\u989d\u62bd\u6837\" class=\"wp-image-1035\" width=\"387\" height=\"489\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u914d\u989d\u62bd\u6837\u662f\u975e\u6982\u7387\u62bd\u6837\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6837\u672c\u5143\u7d20\u4e0d\u662f\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u4eba\u7fa4\u5206\u7ec4\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u7279\u5f81\u4e5f\u662f\u7531\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u8fdb\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4eba\u5bf9\u6240\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u3002 <\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"como-hacer-un-muestreo-por-cuotas\"><\/span>\u5982\u4f55\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u989d\u62bd\u6837<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u914d\u989d\u62bd\u6837\u6b65\u9aa4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol style=\"color:#FF8A05; font-weight: bold;\">\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:15px\"><span style=\"color:#101010;font-weight: normal;\">\u5b9a\u4e49\u76ee\u6807\u4eba\u7fa4\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:15px\"><span style=\"color:#101010;font-weight: normal;\"><strong>\u5b9a\u4e49\u7edf\u8ba1\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7ec4\uff08\u6216\u5c42\uff09\u3002<\/strong>\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u786e\u5b9a\u5c06\u4eba\u53e3\u5206\u7ec4\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:15px\"><span style=\"color:#101010;font-weight: normal;\"><strong>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u914d\u989d\u5927\u5c0f<\/strong>\uff0c\u5373\u51b3\u5b9a\u6837\u672c\u4e2d\u6bcf\u7ec4\u4e2d\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u4eba\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color:#101010;font-weight: normal;\">\u4ece\u6bcf\u7ec4\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u5c06\u53c2\u4e0e\u7edf\u8ba1\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u5728\u9009\u62e9\u6bcf\u7ec4\u4e2d\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u4eba\u7eb3\u5165\u6837\u672c\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u7edf\u8ba1\u6807\u51c6\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul style=\"color:#FF8A05; font-weight: bold;\">\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:12px\"><span style=\"color:#101010;font-weight: normal;\"><strong>\u7b80\u5355\u9009\u62e9<\/strong>\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u7ec4\u7684\u914d\u989d\u5927\u5c0f\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u5373\u4ece\u6240\u6709\u7ec4\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u76f8\u540c\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u914d\u989d\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5c06\u6240\u9700\u6837\u672c\u5927\u5c0f\u9664\u4ee5\u7ec4\u603b\u6570\uff1a<\/span><\/li>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-4878454ee52b3b8d03e49dbd351abe17_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle n_i=\\cfrac{n}{k} \\qquad \\begin{array}{l}n=\\text{tama\\~no muestral deseado} \\\\[2ex]k=\\text{n\\'umero de cuotas}\\end{array}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"51\" width=\"328\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:12px\"><span style=\"color:#101010;font-weight: normal;\"><strong>\u6bd4\u4f8b\u9009\u62e9<\/strong>\uff1a\u914d\u989d\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0e\u6c60\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6c60\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u914d\u989d\u8d8a\u9ad8\u3002\u6bcf\u7b14\u4ed8\u6b3e\u91d1\u989d\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/span><\/li>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-b476006440e3d86e8d56a316c658be7c_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle n_i=n\\cdot \\cfrac{N_i}{N} \\qquad \\begin{array}{l}n=\\text{tama\\~no muestral deseado} \\\\[2ex]N_i=\\text{tama\\~no del grupo }i \\\\[2ex]N=\\text{tama\\~no de la poblaci\u00f3n}\\end{array}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"91\" width=\"360\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:12px\"><span style=\"color:#101010;font-weight: normal;\"><strong>\u9009\u62e9\u4e0e\u53d8\u5f02\u6027\u6210\u6b63\u6bd4<\/strong>\uff1a\u5f53\u914d\u989d\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0e\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u4eba\u53e3\u5206\u7ec4\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u53d8\u5f02\u6027\u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\u65f6\u3002\u7ec4\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5dee\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u914d\u989d\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5c31\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/span> <\/li>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-b5cbf74f5a41add3e86719d403533613_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle n_i=n\\cdot \\cfrac{\\sigma_i\\cdot N_i}{\\displaystyle \\sum_{j=1}^k\\sigma_j\\cdot N_j} \\qquad \\begin{array}{l}n=\\text{tama\\~no muestral deseado}\\\\[2ex]\\sigma_i=\\text{desviaci\\'on tipica del grupo }i \\\\[2ex]N_i=\\text{tama\\~no del grupo }i \\end{array}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"105\" width=\"448\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ejemplo-de-muestreo-por-cuotas\"><\/span>\u914d\u989d\u62bd\u6837\u793a\u4f8b<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u4e86\u89e3\u914d\u989d\u62bd\u6837\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u540e\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u9010\u6b65\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u6765\u4e86\u89e3\u5b83\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u5bb6\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u5de5\u4e1a\u9886\u57df\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u5e0c\u671b\u5bf9\u65b0\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u9500\u552e\u60c5\u51b5\u8fdb\u884c\u5e02\u573a\u5206\u6790\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u59d4\u6258\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u9879\u6309\u5e74\u9f84\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u516c\u4f17\u610f\u89c1\u5e76\u5c1d\u8bd5\u9884\u6d4b\u65b0\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u6210\u529f\u3002\u516c\u53f8\u9996\u5148\u5bf9\u6f5c\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u9884\u4f30\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a <\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/echantillonnage-par-quotas-donnees-stratifiees.png\" alt=\"\u914d\u989d\u62bd\u6837\u6570\u636e\" class=\"wp-image-1038\" width=\"386\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u4f46\u5bf9\u516c\u53f8\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c1000\u4eba\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u6210\u672c\u592a\u9ad8\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u51b3\u5b9a\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u989d\u62bd\u6837\uff0c\u53ea\u91c7\u8bbf200\u4eba\u7684\u6837\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4eba\u53e3\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\u5df2\u7ecf\u6839\u636e\u4eba\u7684\u5e74\u9f84\u6309\u7ec4\uff08\u6216\u9636\u5c42\uff09\u5206\u7c7b\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u6bcf\u7ec4\u7684\u91d1\u989d\u53ca\u5176\u5360\u603b\u6570\u7684\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u505a\u51fa\u4e0e\u6bcf\u7b14\u4ed8\u6b3e\u91d1\u989d\u6210\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002 <\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/exemple-dechantillonnage-quota.png\" alt=\"\u914d\u989d\u62bd\u6837\u793a\u4f8b\" class=\"wp-image-1037\" width=\"386\" height=\"146\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u786e\u5b9a\u4e86\u6bcf\u4e2a\u914d\u989d\u4e2d\u53c2\u4e0e\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4eba\u6570\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u53ea\u9700\u4ece\u6bcf\u4e2a\u914d\u989d\u4e2d\u6839\u636e\u5176\u5927\u5c0f\u9009\u62e9\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u591a\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53d7\u8bd5\u8005\u7684\u65b0\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4eba\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u67e5\u3002 <\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"diferencia-entre-el-muestreo-por-cuotas-y-el-muestreo-estratificado\"><\/span>\u914d\u989d\u62bd\u6837\u4e0e\u5206\u5c42\u62bd\u6837\u7684\u533a\u522b<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u914d\u989d\u62bd\u6837\u4e0e\u5206\u5c42\u62bd\u6837\u7684\u533a\u522b<\/strong>\u5728\u4e8e\u6837\u672c\u4e2d\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u5728\u914d\u989d\u62bd\u6837\u4e2d\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u9009\u62e9\u6837\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u5206\u5c42\u62bd\u6837\u4e2d\uff0c\u6837\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u662f\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u914d\u989d\u62bd\u6837\u548c\u5206\u5c42\u62bd\u6837\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u540c\u7279\u5f81\uff1a\u5b83\u4eec\u5c06\u603b\u4f53\u5206\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7ec4\uff08\u6216\u9636\u5c42\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6df7\u6dc6\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u91c7\u6837\u5f88\u5e38\u89c1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u5bf9\u5206\u5c42\u62bd\u6837\u66f4\u611f\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u67e5\u770b\u5176\u6240\u6709\u4f18\u70b9\u548c\u7f3a\u70b9\uff1a <\/p>\n<div style=\"background-color:#FFFDE7; padding-top: 10px; padding-bottom: 10px; padding-right: 10px; padding-left: 20px; border: 2.5px dashed #FFB74D; border-radius:20px;\"> <span style=\"color:#ff951b\">\u27a4<\/span><strong>\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605\uff1a<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/cn\/\u5206\u5c42\u62bd\u6837\/\">\u5206\u5c42\u62bd\u6837\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u548c\u7f3a\u70b9<\/a><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ventajas-y-desventajas-del-muestreo-por-cuotas\"><\/span>\u914d\u989d\u62bd\u6837\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u548c\u7f3a\u70b9<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u914d\u989d\u62bd\u6837\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u548c\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table 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