{"id":679,"date":"2023-07-29T03:09:22","date_gmt":"2023-07-29T03:09:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/cn\/%e6%ae%8b%e7%95%99%e7%97%95%e9%87%8f\/"},"modified":"2023-07-29T03:09:22","modified_gmt":"2023-07-29T03:09:22","slug":"%e6%ae%8b%e7%95%99%e7%97%95%e9%87%8f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/cn\/%e6%ae%8b%e7%95%99%e7%97%95%e9%87%8f\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u5728 r \u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u6b8b\u5dee\u56fe"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

\n

\u6b8b\u5dee\u56fe<\/strong>\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u8bc4\u4f30\u56de\u5f52\u5206\u6790\u7684\u6b8b\u5dee<\/a>\u662f\u5426\u5448\u6b63\u6001\u5206\u5e03\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u5f02\u65b9\u5dee<\/a>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5728 R \u4e2d\u4e3a\u56de\u5f52\u6a21\u578b\u521b\u5efa\u6b8b\u5dee\u56fe\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u793a\u4f8b\uff1aR \u4e2d\u7684\u6b8b\u5dee\u56fe<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u5728\u6b64\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528mtcars<\/strong>\u5185\u7f6e R \u6570\u636e\u96c6\u62df\u5408\u56de\u5f52\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u751f\u6210\u4e09\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6b8b\u5dee\u56fe\u6765\u5206\u6790\u6b8b\u5dee\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6b65\u9aa41\uff1a\u62df\u5408\u56de\u5f52\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528mpg<\/strong>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u54cd\u5e94\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528disp<\/strong>\u548chp<\/strong>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u89e3\u91ca\u53d8\u91cf\u6765\u62df\u5408\u56de\u5f52\u6a21\u578b\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

 #load the dataset<\/span>\ndata(mtcars)\n\n#fit a regression model<\/span>\nmodel <- lm(mpg~disp+hp, data=mtcars)\n\n#get list of residuals<\/span> \nres <- resid(model)\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n
\u7b2c 2 \u6b65\uff1a\u751f\u6210\u6b8b\u5dee\u56fe\u6216\u8c03\u6574\u56fe\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n
\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u751f\u6210\u6b8b\u5dee\/\u62df\u5408\u56fe\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u76f4\u89c2\u5730\u68c0\u6d4b\u5f02\u65b9\u5dee\u6027 – \u4f8b\u5982\u6b8b\u5dee\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u503c\u4e0a\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/span> <\/p>\n
 #produce residual vs. fitted plot<\/span>\nplot(fitted(model), res)\n\n#add a horizontal line at 0<\/span> \nabline(0,0)\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n
\"R<\/p>\n
 x \u8f74\u663e\u793a\u62df\u5408\u503c\uff0cy \u8f74\u663e\u793a\u6b8b\u5dee\u3002\u4ece\u56fe\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u62df\u5408\u503c\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u6b8b\u5dee\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5f80\u5f80\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4f3c\u4e4e\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u4e25\u91cd\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6a21\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u6539\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\uff1a\u5236\u4f5cQQ\u56fe\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u751f\u6210 QQ \u56fe\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u786e\u5b9a\u6b8b\u5dee\u662f\u5426\u670d\u4ece\u6b63\u6001\u5206\u5e03\u3002\u5982\u679c\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u503c\u5927\u81f4\u5448 45 \u5ea6\u89d2\u76f4\u7ebf\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u5219\u6570\u636e\u5448\u6b63\u6001\u5206\u5e03\u3002<\/span> <\/p>\n
 #create QQ plot for residuals\n<\/span>qqnorm(res)\n\n#add a straight diagonal line to the plot<\/span>\nqqline(res) \n<\/strong><\/pre>\n
\"R<\/p>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u6b8b\u5dee\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u7a0d\u5fae\u504f\u79bb\u5c3e\u90e8\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u7ebf\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u8868\u660e\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u662f\u6b63\u6001\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
\u6b65\u9aa4 4\uff1a\u7ed8\u5236\u5bc6\u5ea6\u56fe\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u751f\u6210\u5bc6\u5ea6\u56fe\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u76ee\u89c6\u68c0\u67e5\u6b8b\u5dee\u662f\u5426\u5448\u6b63\u6001\u5206\u5e03\u4e5f\u5f88\u6709\u7528\u3002\u5982\u679c\u56fe\u5927\u81f4\u5448\u949f\u5f62\uff0c\u5219\u6b8b\u5dee\u53ef\u80fd\u670d\u4ece\u6b63\u6001\u5206\u5e03\u3002<\/span> <\/p>\n
 #Create density plot of residuals<\/span>\nplot(density(res))\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n
\"R<\/p>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5bc6\u5ea6\u56fe\u5927\u81f4\u5448\u949f\u5f62\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u7a0d\u5fae\u5411\u53f3\u503e\u659c\u3002\u6839\u636e\u7814\u7a76\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6216\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u51b3\u5b9a\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6b8b\u5dee\u66f4\u5448\u6b63\u6001\u5206\u5e03\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
\u5176\u4ed6\u8d44\u6e90<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u8ba1\u7b97 R \u4e2d\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u6b8b\u5dee<\/a>
\u5982\u4f55\u8ba1\u7b97 R \u4e2d\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u5316\u6b8b\u5dee<\/a>
\u5982\u4f55\u5728 R \u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u6b8b\u5dee\u76f4\u65b9\u56fe<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u6b8b\u5dee\u56fe\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u8bc4\u4f30\u56de\u5f52\u5206\u6790\u7684\u6b8b\u5dee\u662f\u5426\u5448\u6b63\u6001\u5206\u5e03\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u5f02\u65b9\u5dee\u3002 \u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5728 R \u4e2d\u4e3a\u56de\u5f52\u6a21\u578b\u521b […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-679","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-11"],"yoast_head":"\n\u5982\u4f55\u5728 R \u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u6b8b\u5dee\u56fe - Statorials<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u5173\u4e8e\u5982\u4f55\u5728 R \u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u6b8b\u5dee\u56fe\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u51e0\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u3002\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/cn\/\u6b8b\u7559\u75d5\u91cf\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u5982\u4f55\u5728 R \u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u6b8b\u5dee\u56fe - Statorials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u5173\u4e8e\u5982\u4f55\u5728 R \u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u6b8b\u5dee\u56fe\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u51e0\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u3002\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/cn\/\u6b8b\u7559\u75d5\u91cf\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Statorials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-07-29T03:09:22+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/residplotr1.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u672c\u6770\u660e\u00b7\u5b89\u5fb7\u68ee\u535a\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u4f5c\u8005\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u672c\u6770\u660e\u00b7\u5b89\u5fb7\u68ee\u535a\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/cn\/%e6%ae%8b%e7%95%99%e7%97%95%e9%87%8f\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/cn\/%e6%ae%8b%e7%95%99%e7%97%95%e9%87%8f\/\",\"name\":\"\u5982\u4f55\u5728 R \u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u6b8b\u5dee\u56fe - 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