如何将 pandas dataframe 转换为 json

通常，您可能有兴趣将 pandas DataFrame 转换为 JSON 格式。

幸运的是，使用to_json()函数可以轻松做到这一点，该函数允许您将 DataFrame 转换为具有以下格式之一的 JSON 字符串：

• ‘split’:像 {‘index’ -> [index], ‘columns’ -> [columns], ‘data’ -> [values]} 这样的字典
• ‘records’：列表如 [{column -> value}, …, {column -> value}]
• ‘index’：类似 {index -> {column -> value}} 的字典
• ‘columns’：类似 {column -> {index -> value}} 的字典
• ‘values’：只是值数组
• ‘table’:像 {‘schema’: {schema}, ‘data’: {data}} 这样的字典

本教程展示如何使用以下 pandas DataFrame 将 DataFrame 转换为六种格式中的每一种：

 import pandas as pd

#createDataFrame
df = pd.DataFrame({'points': [25, 12, 15, 19],
                   'assists': [5, 7, 7, 12]})  

#view DataFrame
df

        assist points
0 25 5
1 12 7
2 15 7
3 19 12

方法一：“分”

 df. to_json (orient=' split ')

{
   "columns": [
      "points",
      "assists"
   ],
   "index": [
      0,
      1,
      2,
      3
   ],
   "data": [
      [
         25,
         5
      ],
      [
         12,
         7
      ],
      [
         15,
         7
      ],
      [
         19,
         12
      ]
   ]
}

方法二：“录音”

 df. to_json (orient=' records ')

[
   {
      "points": 25,
      “assists”: 5
   },
   {
      "points": 12,
      “assists”: 7
   },
   {
      "points": 15,
      “assists”: 7
   },
   {
      "points": 19,
      “assists”: 12
   }
]

方法三：“索引”

 df. to_json (orient=' index ') 

{
   "0": {
      "points": 25,
      “assists”: 5
   },
   "1": {
      "points": 12,
      “assists”: 7
   },
   "2": {
      "points": 15,
      “assists”: 7
   },
   "3": {
      "points": 19,
      “assists”: 12
   }
}

方法四：“列”

 df. to_json (orient=' columns ') 

{
   "dots": {
      "0": 25,
      "1": 12,
      "2": 15,
      "3": 19
   },
   "assists": {
      "0": 5,
      "1": 7,
      "2": 7,
      "3": 12
   }
}

方法五：“价值观”

 df. to_json (orient=' values ') 

[
   [
      25,
      5
   ],
   [
      12,
      7
   ],
   [
      15,
      7
   ],
   [
      19,
      12
   ]
]

方法六：“表格”

 df. to_json (orient=' table ') 

{
   "plan": {
      "fields": [
         {
            "name": "index",
            "type": "integer"
         },
         {
            "name": "points",
            "type": "integer"
         },
         {
            "name": "assists",
            "type": "integer"
         }
      ],
      "primaryKey": [
         "index"
      ],
      "pandas_version": "0.20.0"
   },
   "data": [
      {
         "index": 0,
         "points": 25,
         “assists”: 5
      },
      {
         "index": 1,
         "points": 12,
         “assists”: 7
      },
      {
         "index": 2,
         "points": 15,
         “assists”: 7
      },
      {
         "index": 3,
         "points": 19,
         “assists”: 12
      }
   ]
}

如何导出 JSON 文件

您可以使用以下语法将 JSON 文件导出到计算机上的特定文件路径：

 #create JSON file 
json_file = df. to_json (orient=' records ') 

#export JSON file
with open('my_data.json', 'w') as f:
    f.write(json_file)

您可以在此处找到 pandas to_json() 函数的完整文档。