如何在 r 中过滤行

通常，您可能对 R 中基于某些条件的数据框子集感兴趣。幸运的是，使用dplyr包中的filter()函数可以轻松做到这一点。

 library(dplyr)

本教程解释了如何使用名为starwars的内置 dplyr 数据集实际使用此功能的几个示例：

 #view first six rows of starwars dataset
head(starwars)

# A tibble: 6 x 13
  name height mass hair_color skin_color eye_color birth_year gender homeworld
                                   
1 Luke~ 172 77 blond fair blue 19 male Tatooine 
2 C-3PO 167 75 <NA> gold yellow 112 <NA> Tatooine 
3 R2-D2 96 32 <NA> white, bl~ red 33 <NA> Naboo    
4 Dart~ 202 136 none white yellow 41.9 male Tatooine 
5 Leia~ 150 49 brown light brown 19 female Alderaan 
6 Owen~ 178 120 brown, gr~ light blue 52 male Tatooine 
# ... with 4 more variables: species , films , vehicles ,
# starships 

示例 1：过滤等于某个值的行

以下代码显示如何过滤数据集以查找变量“species”等于 Droid 的行。

 starwars %>% filter(species == ' Droid ')

# A tibble: 5 x 13
  name height mass hair_color skin_color eye_color birth_year gender homeworld
                                   
1 C-3PO 167 75 gold yellow 112 Tatooine 
2 R2-D2 96 32 white, bl~ red 33 Naboo    
3 R5-D4 97 32 white, red red NA Tatooine 
4 IG-88 200 140 none metal red 15 none        
5 BB8 NA NA none none black NA none        
# ... with 4 more variables: species , films , vehicles ,
# starships 

我们可以看到数据集有 5 行满足此条件，如#A tibble: 5 x 13所示。

示例 2：使用“And”过滤行

我们还可以过滤物种为 Droid且眼睛颜色为红色的行：

 starwars %>% filter(species == ' Droid ' & eye_color == ' red ')

# A tibble: 3 x 13
  name height mass hair_color skin_color eye_color birth_year gender homeworld
                                   
1 R2-D2 96 32 <NA> white, bl~ red 33 <NA> Naboo    
2 R5-D4 97 32 <NA> white, red red NA <NA> Tatooine 
3 IG-88 200 140 none metal red 15 none <NA>      
# ... with 4 more variables: species , films , vehicles ,
# starships 

我们可以看到数据集中有 3 行满足这个条件。

示例 3：使用“或”过滤行

我们还可以过滤物种为 Droid或眼睛颜色为红色的行：

 starwars %>% filter(species == ' Droid ' | eye_color == ' red ')

# A tibble: 7 x 13
  name height mass hair_color skin_color eye_color birth_year gender homeworld
                                   
1 C-3PO 167 75 <NA> gold yellow 112 <NA> Tatooine 
2 R2-D2 96 32 <NA> white, bl~ red 33 <NA> Naboo    
3 R5-D4 97 32 <NA> white, red red NA <NA> Tatooine 
4 IG-88 200 140 none metal red 15 none <NA>     
5 Bossk 190 113 none green red 53 male Trandosha
6 Nute~ 191 90 none mottled g~ red NA male Cato Nei~
7 BB8 NA NA none none black NA none <NA>     
# ... with 4 more variables: species , films , vehicles ,
# starships  

我们可以看到数据集中有 7 行满足这个条件。

示例 4：过滤列表中包含值的行

我们还可以过滤颜色列表中出现眼睛颜色的行：

 starwars %>% filter(eye_color %in% c(' blue ', ' yellow ', ' red '))

# A tibble: 35 x 13
   name height mass hair_color skin_color eye_color birth_year gender
                               
 1 Luke~ 172 77 blond fair blue 19 male  
 2 C-3PO 167 75 <NA> gold yellow 112 <NA> 
 3 R2-D2 96 32 <NA> white, bl~ red 33 <NA>  
 4 Dart~ 202 136 none white yellow 41.9 male  
 5 Owen~ 178 120 brown, gr~ light blue 52 male  
 6 Beru~ 165 75 brown light blue 47 female
 7 R5-D4 97 32 <NA> white, red red NA <NA> 
 8 Anak~ 188 84 blond fair blue 41.9 male  
 9 Wilh~ 180 NA auburn, g~ fair blue 64 male  
10 Chew~ 228 112 brown unknown blue 200 male  
# ... with 25 more rows, and 5 more variables: homeworld, species,
# films, vehicles, starships  

我们可以看到数据集中有 35 行的眼睛颜色为蓝色、黄色或红色。

相关： 如何在 R 中使用 %in% 运算符（附示例）

示例 5：使用小于或大于过滤行

我们还可以对数值变量使用小于或大于运算来过滤行：

 #find rows where height is greater than 250
starwars %>% filter(height > 250)

# A tibble: 1 x 13
  name height mass hair_color skin_color eye_color birth_year gender homeworld
                                   
1 Yara~ 264 NA none white yellow NA male Quermia  
# ... with 4 more variables: species , films , vehicles ,
# starships   

#find rows where height is between 200 and 220
starwars %>% filter(height > 200 & height < 220)

# A tibble: 5 x 13
  name height mass hair_color skin_color eye_color birth_year gender homeworld
                                   
1 Dart~ 202 136 none white yellow 41.9 male Tatooine 
2 Rugo~ 206 NA none green orange NA male Naboo    
3 Taun~ 213 NA none gray black NA female Kamino   
4 Grie~ 216 159 none brown, wh~ green, y~ NA male Kalee    
5 Tion~ 206 80 none gray black NA male Utapau   
# ... with 4 more variables: species , films , vehicles ,
# starships 

#find rows where height is above the average height
starwars %>% filter(height > mean (height, na.rm = TRUE ))

# A tibble: 51 x 13
   name height mass hair_color skin_color eye_color birth_year gender
                               
 1 Dart~ 202 136 none white yellow 41.9 male  
 2 Owen~ 178 120 brown, gr~ light blue 52 male  
 3 Bigg~ 183 84 black light brown 24 male  
 4 Obi-~ 182 77 auburn, w~ fair blue-gray 57 male  
 5 Anak~ 188 84 blond fair blue 41.9 male  
 6 Wilh~ 180 NA auburn, g~ fair blue 64 male  
 7 Chew~ 228 112 brown unknown blue 200 male  
 8 Han ~ 180 80 brown fair brown 29 male  
 9 Jabb~ 175 1358 <NA> green-tan~ orange 600 herma~
10 Jek ~ 180 110 brown fair blue NA male  
# ... with 41 more rows, and 5 more variables: homeworld, species,
# films, vehicles, starships

您可以在此处找到filter()函数的完整文档。