{"id":918,"date":"2023-07-28T07:59:26","date_gmt":"2023-07-28T07:59:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/id\/jarak-mahalanobis-r\/"},"modified":"2023-07-28T07:59:26","modified_gmt":"2023-07-28T07:59:26","slug":"jarak-mahalanobis-r","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/id\/jarak-mahalanobis-r\/","title":{"rendered":"Cara menghitung jarak mahalanobis di r"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Jarak Mahalanobis<\/strong> adalah jarak antara dua titik dalam ruang multivariat.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Ini sering digunakan untuk mendeteksi outlier dalam analisis statistik yang melibatkan banyak variabel.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Tutorial ini menjelaskan cara menghitung jarak Mahalanobis di R.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Contoh: Jarak Mahalanobis di R<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Gunakan langkah-langkah berikut untuk menghitung jarak Mahalanobis untuk setiap <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/id\/pengamatan-dalam-statistik\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">observasi<\/a> dalam kumpulan data di R.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Langkah 1: Buat kumpulan data.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Pertama, kita akan membuat kumpulan data yang menampilkan nilai ujian dari 20 siswa, beserta jumlah jam yang mereka habiskan untuk belajar, jumlah ujian praktik yang mereka ambil, dan nilai mata pelajaran mereka saat ini:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create data<\/span>\ndf = data.frame(score = c(91, 93, 72, 87, 86, 73, 68, 87, 78, 99, 95, 76, 84, 96, 76, 80, 83, 84, 73, 74) ,\n        hours = c(16, 6, 3, 1, 2, 3, 2, 5, 2, 5, 2, 3, 4, 3, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 4),\n        prep = c(3, 4, 0, 3, 4, 0, 1, 2, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 2, 2),\n        grade = c(70, 88, 80, 83, 88, 84, 78, 94, 90, 93, 89, 82, 95, 94, 81, 93, 93, 90, 89, 89))\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#view first six rows of data\n<\/span>head(df)\n\n  score hours prep grade\n1 91 16 3 70\n2 93 6 4 88\n3 72 3 0 80\n4 87 1 3 83\n5 86 2 4 88\n6 73 3 0 84\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Langkah 2: Hitung jarak Mahalanobis untuk setiap observasi.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Selanjutnya, kita akan menggunakan fungsi <a href=\"https:\/\/stat.ethz.ch\/R-manual\/R-devel\/library\/stats\/html\/mahalanobis.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mahalanobis()<\/a> yang ada di R untuk menghitung jarak Mahalanobis untuk setiap observasi, yang menggunakan sintaks berikut:<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">mahalanobis (x, tengah, cov)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Emas:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>x:<\/strong> matriks data<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>pusat:<\/strong> vektor rata-rata distribusi<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>cov:<\/strong> matriks kovarians distribusi<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Kode berikut menunjukkan cara mengimplementasikan fungsi ini untuk kumpulan data kami:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#calculate Mahalanobis distance for each observation<\/span>\nmahalanobis(df, colMeans(df), cov(df))\n\n [1] 16.5019630 2.6392864 4.8507973 5.2012612 3.8287341 4.0905633\n [7] 4.2836303 2.4198736 1.6519576 5.6578253 3.9658770 2.9350178\n[13] 2.8102109 4.3682945 1.5610165 1.4595069 2.0245748 0.7502536\n[19] 2.7351292 2.2642268\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Langkah 3: Hitung nilai p untuk setiap jarak Mahalanobis.<\/strong><\/span> <\/p>\n<div id=\"mv-first-video\" class=\"mv-video-target mv-video__featured mv-video__optimized mv-video__embedded\" data-video-id=\"tmdycgxksxqpmqpu0vbx\" data-autoplay=\"true\" data-automobile=\"true\" data-muted=\"true\" data-sticky=\"true\" data-autoinsert=\"true\" data-disable-jsonld=\"true\" data-video-placement-inited=\"true\">\n<div id=\"mediavine-video__target-div__8330b88d-7ed9-463c-85d3-dc370a4c9ab3\" class=\"mediavine-video__target-div\">\n<div class=\"mediavine-video__root-container\">\n<div class=\"mediavine-video__placement-container mediavine-video__bottom mediavine-video__right mediavine-video__dark-theme\">\n<div class=\"mediavine-video__title-bar\">\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Kita dapat melihat bahwa beberapa jarak Mahalanobis jauh lebih besar dibandingkan jarak Mahalanobis lainnya.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Untuk menentukan apakah ada jarak yang signifikan secara statistik, kita perlu menghitung <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/id\/p-menghargai-signifikansi-statistik\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">nilai p-<\/a> nya.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Nilai p untuk setiap jarak dihitung sebagai nilai p yang sesuai dengan statistik chi-kuadrat jarak Mahalanobis dengan k-1 derajat kebebasan, dimana k = jumlah variabel.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Jadi dalam hal ini kita akan menggunakan derajat kebebasan 4-1 = 3.<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create new column in data frame to hold Mahalanobis distances<\/span>\ndf$mahal &lt;- mahalanobis(df, colMeans(df), cov(df))\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create new column in data frame to hold p-value for each Mahalanobis distance\n<\/span>df$p &lt;- <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">pchisq<\/span> (df$mahal, df= <span style=\"color: #339966;\">3<\/span> , lower.tail=FALSE)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#view data frame\n<\/span>df\n\n   score hours prep grade mahal p\n1 91 16 3 70 16.5019630 0.0008945642\n2 93 6 4 88 2.6392864 0.4506437265\n3 72 3 0 80 4.8507973 0.1830542407\n4 87 1 3 83 5.2012612 0.1576392526\n5 86 2 4 88 3.8287341 0.2805615121\n6 73 3 0 84 4.0905633 0.2518495222\n7 68 2 1 78 4.2836303 0.2324211504\n8 87 5 2 94 2.4198736 0.4899458807\n9 78 2 1 90 1.6519576 0.6476670033\n10 99 5 2 93 5.6578253 0.1294978092\n11 95 2 3 89 3.9658770 0.2651724541\n12 76 3 3 82 2.9350178 0.4017530495\n13 84 4 3 95 2.8102109 0.4218217836\n14 96 3 2 94 4.3682945 0.2243432904\n15 76 3 2 81 1.5610165 0.6682610031\n16 80 3 2 93 1.4595069 0.6916471506\n17 83 4 3 93 2.0245748 0.5673218169\n18 84 3 3 90 0.7502536 0.8613248635\n19 73 4 2 89 2.7351292 0.4342904353\n20 74 4 2 89 2.2642268 0.5194087143\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Umumnya, nilai p <strong>kurang dari 0,001<\/strong> dianggap outlier.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Terlihat bahwa observasi pertama merupakan outlier pada dataset karena memiliki p-value kurang dari 0,001.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Bergantung pada konteks masalahnya, Anda mungkin memutuskan untuk menghapus observasi ini dari kumpulan data karena observasi ini merupakan outlier dan dapat memengaruhi hasil analisis.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Terkait:<\/b><\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/id\/uji-normalitas-multivariat-r\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Cara Melakukan Uji Normalitas Multivariat di R<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jarak Mahalanobis adalah jarak antara dua titik dalam ruang multivariat. Ini sering digunakan untuk mendeteksi outlier dalam analisis statistik yang melibatkan banyak variabel. Tutorial ini menjelaskan cara menghitung jarak Mahalanobis di R. Contoh: Jarak Mahalanobis di R Gunakan langkah-langkah berikut untuk menghitung jarak Mahalanobis untuk setiap observasi dalam kumpulan data di R. Langkah 1: Buat [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Cara menghitung jarak Mahalanobis di R - Statorials<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Penjelasan sederhana cara menghitung jarak Mahalanobis di R, beserta contohnya.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/id\/jarak-mahalanobis-r\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Cara menghitung jarak Mahalanobis di R - Statorials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Penjelasan sederhana cara menghitung jarak Mahalanobis di R, beserta contohnya.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/id\/jarak-mahalanobis-r\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Statorials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-07-28T07:59:26+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Benjamin anderson\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Ditulis oleh\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Benjamin anderson\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Estimasi waktu membaca\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 menit\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/id\/jarak-mahalanobis-r\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/id\/jarak-mahalanobis-r\/\",\"name\":\"Cara menghitung jarak Mahalanobis di R - Statorials\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/id\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-07-28T07:59:26+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-28T07:59:26+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/id\/#\/schema\/person\/3d17a1160dd2d052b7c78e502cb9ec81\"},\"description\":\"Penjelasan sederhana cara menghitung jarak Mahalanobis di R, beserta contohnya.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/id\/jarak-mahalanobis-r\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"id\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/id\/jarak-mahalanobis-r\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/id\/jarak-mahalanobis-r\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/id\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Cara menghitung jarak mahalanobis di r\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/id\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/id\/\",\"name\":\"Statorials\",\"description\":\"Panduan anda untuk kompetensi statistik!\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/id\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"id\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/id\/#\/schema\/person\/3d17a1160dd2d052b7c78e502cb9ec81\",\"name\":\"Benjamin anderson\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"id\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/id\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/statorials.org\/id\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dr.-Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"http:\/\/statorials.org\/id\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dr.-Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Benjamin anderson\"},\"description\":\"Halo, saya Benjamin, pensiunan profesor statistika yang menjadi guru Statorial yang berdedikasi. 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