{"id":466,"date":"2023-07-29T19:40:31","date_gmt":"2023-07-29T19:40:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/ko\/r%e1%84%8b%e1%85%a6-lapply-sapply-%e1%84%86%e1%85%b5%e1%86%be-tapply%e1%84%85%e1%85%b3%e1%86%af-%e1%84%8c%e1%85%a5%e1%86%a8%e1%84%8b%e1%85%ad%e1%86%bc%e1%84%92%e1%85%a1%e1%84%82%e1%85%b3%e1%86%ab\/"},"modified":"2023-07-29T19:40:31","modified_gmt":"2023-07-29T19:40:31","slug":"r%e1%84%8b%e1%85%a6-lapply-sapply-%e1%84%86%e1%85%b5%e1%86%be-tapply%e1%84%85%e1%85%b3%e1%86%af-%e1%84%8c%e1%85%a5%e1%86%a8%e1%84%8b%e1%85%ad%e1%86%bc%e1%84%92%e1%85%a1%e1%84%82%e1%85%b3%e1%86%ab","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/ko\/r%e1%84%8b%e1%85%a6-lapply-sapply-%e1%84%86%e1%85%b5%e1%86%be-tapply%e1%84%85%e1%85%b3%e1%86%af-%e1%84%8c%e1%85%a5%e1%86%a8%e1%84%8b%e1%85%ad%e1%86%bc%e1%84%92%e1%85%a1%e1%84%82%e1%85%b3%e1%86%ab\/","title":{"rendered":"R\uc758 apply(), lapply(), sapply() \ubc0f tapply()\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uac00\uc774\ub4dc"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\uc774 \ud29c\ud1a0\ub9ac\uc5bc\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ub0b4\uc7a5 R \ud568\uc218\uc778 <strong>apply()<\/strong> , <strong>sapply()<\/strong> , <strong>lapply()<\/strong> \ubc0f <strong>tapply()<\/strong> \uac04\uc758 \ucc28\uc774\uc810\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud558\uace0 \uac01 \ud568\uc218\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uc2dc\uae30\uc640 \ubc29\ubc95\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc608\ub97c \uc124\uba85\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\uc801\uc6a9\ud558\ub2e4()<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\ud589\ub82c\uc774\ub098 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ud504\ub808\uc784\uc758 \ud589\uc774\ub098 \uc5f4\uc5d0 \ud568\uc218\ub97c \uc801\uc6a9\ud558\ub824\uba74 <strong>apply()<\/strong> \ud568\uc218\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc138\uc694.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Apply() \ud568\uc218\uc758 \uae30\ubcf8 \uad6c\ubb38\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\uc801\uc6a9(X, \ub9c8\uc9c4, FUN)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">X\ub294 \ubc30\uc5f4 \ub610\ub294 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ube14\ub85d\uc758 \uc774\ub984\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">MARGIN\uc740 \uc791\uc5c5\uc744 \uc218\ud589\ud560 \ucc28\uc6d0\uc744 \ub098\ud0c0\ub0c5\ub2c8\ub2e4(1 = \ud589, 2 = \uc5f4).<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">FUN\uc740 \uc218\ud589\ud558\ub824\ub294 \ud2b9\uc815 \uc791\uc5c5\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4(\uc608: \ucd5c\uc18c, \ucd5c\ub300, \ud569\uacc4, \ud3c9\uade0 \ub4f1).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\ub2e4\uc74c \ucf54\ub4dc\ub294 \uc2e4\ud589 \uc911\uc778 <strong>apply()<\/strong> \uc758 \uba87 \uac00\uc9c0 \uc608\ub97c \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #e5e5e5; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create a data frame with three columns and five rows<\/span>\ndata &lt;- data.frame(a = c(1, 3, 7, 12, 9),\n                   b = c(4, 4, 6, 7, 8),\n                   c = c(14, 15, 11, 10, 6))\ndata\n\n#abc\n#1 1 4 14\n#2 3 4 15\n#3 7 6 11\n#4 12 7 10\n#5 9 8 6\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#find the sum of each row<\/span>\napply(data, 1, sum)\n\n#[1] 19 22 24 29 23\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#find the sum of each column<\/span>\napply(data, 2, sum)\n\n#abc\n#32 29 56 \n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#find the mean of each row<\/span>\napply(data, 1, mean)\n\n#[1] 6.333333 7.333333 8.000000 9.666667 7.666667\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#find the mean of each column, rounded to one decimal place<\/span>\nround(apply(data, 2, mean), 1)\n\n#abc\n#6.4 5.8 11.2 \n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#find the standard deviation of each row<\/span>\napply(data, 1, sd)\n\n#[1] 6.806859 6.658328 2.645751 2.516611 1.527525\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#find the standard deviation of each column<\/span>\napply(data, 2, sd)\n\n#abc\n#4.449719 1.788854 3.563706 \n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<h2> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\uc801\uc6a9\ud558\ub2e4()<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\ubaa9\ub85d, \ubca1\ud130 \ub610\ub294 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ud504\ub808\uc784\uc758 \uac01 \uc694\uc18c\uc5d0 \ud568\uc218\ub97c \uc801\uc6a9\ud558\uace0 \uacb0\uacfc\ub85c \ubaa9\ub85d\uc744 \uc5bb\uc73c\ub824\uba74 <strong>lapply()<\/strong> \ud568\uc218\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">lapply() \ud568\uc218\uc758 \uae30\ubcf8 \uad6c\ubb38\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\ub77c\ud50c\ub77c\uc774(X, FUN)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">X\ub294 \ubaa9\ub85d, \ubca1\ud130 \ub610\ub294 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ud504\ub808\uc784\uc758 \uc774\ub984\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">FUN\uc740 \uc218\ud589\ud558\ub824\ub294 \ud2b9\uc815 \uc791\uc5c5\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\ub2e4\uc74c \ucf54\ub4dc\ub294 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ud504\ub808\uc784\uc758 \uc5f4\uc5d0 <strong>lapply()\ub97c<\/strong> \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uba87 \uac00\uc9c0 \uc608\ub97c \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #e5e5e5; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create a data frame with three columns and five rows\n<\/span>data &lt;- data.frame(a = c(1, 3, 7, 12, 9),\n                   b = c(4, 4, 6, 7, 8),\n                   c = c(14, 15, 11, 10, 6))\ndata\n\n#abc\n#1 1 4 14\n#2 3 4 15\n#3 7 6 11\n#4 12 7 10\n#5 9 8 6\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#find mean of each column and return results as a list<\/span>\napply(data, mean)\n\n#$a\n# [1] 6.4\n#\n# $b\n# [1] 5.8\n#\n# $c\n# [1] 11.2\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#multiply values in each column by 2 and return results as a list<\/span>\nlapply(data, function(data) data*2)\n\n#$a\n# [1] 2 6 14 24 18\n#\n# $b\n# [1] 8 8 12 14 16\n#\n# $c\n# [1] 28 30 22 20 12\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>lapply()\ub97c<\/strong> \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ubaa9\ub85d\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc791\uc5c5\uc744 \uc218\ud589\ud560 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uc74c \uc608\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc774\ub97c \uc218\ud589\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #e5e5e5; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create a list\n<\/span>x &lt;- list(a=1, b=1:5, c=1:10) \nx\n\n#$a\n# [1] 1\n#\n# $b\n# [1] 1 2 3 4 5\n#\n# $c\n# [1] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#find the sum of each element in the list<\/span>\nlapply(x, sum)\n\n#$a\n# [1] 1\n#\n# $b\n# [1] 15\n#\n# $c\n#[1]55\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#find the mean of each element in the list<\/span>\nlapply(x, mean)\n\n#$a\n# [1] 1\n#\n# $b\n# [1] 3\n#\n# $c\n# [1] 5.5\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#multiply values of each element by 5 and return results as a list<\/span>\nlapply(x, function(x) x*5)\n\n#$a\n# [1] 5\n#\n# $b\n# [1] 5 10 15 20 25\n#\n# $c\n# [1] 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<h2> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\uc801\uc6a9\ud558\ub2e4()<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\ubaa9\ub85d, \ubca1\ud130 \ub610\ub294 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ud504\ub808\uc784\uc758 \uac01 \uc694\uc18c\uc5d0 \ud568\uc218\ub97c \uc801\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ubaa9\ub85d \ub300\uc2e0 <strong>\ubca1\ud130\ub97c<\/strong> \uc5bb\uc73c\ub824\uba74 <strong>sapply()<\/strong> \ud568\uc218\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc2ed\uc2dc\uc624.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">sapply() \ud568\uc218\uc758 \uae30\ubcf8 \uad6c\ubb38\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\uc801\uc6a9 (X, FUN)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">X\ub294 \ubaa9\ub85d, \ubca1\ud130 \ub610\ub294 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ud504\ub808\uc784\uc758 \uc774\ub984\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">FUN\uc740 \uc218\ud589\ud558\ub824\ub294 \ud2b9\uc815 \uc791\uc5c5\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\ub2e4\uc74c \ucf54\ub4dc\ub294 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ud504\ub808\uc784\uc758 \uc5f4\uc5d0 <strong>sapply()\ub97c<\/strong> \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uba87 \uac00\uc9c0 \uc608\ub97c \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #e5e5e5; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create a data frame with three columns and five rows\n<\/span>data &lt;- data.frame(a = c(1, 3, 7, 12, 9),\n                   b = c(4, 4, 6, 7, 8),\n                   c = c(14, 15, 11, 10, 6))\ndata\n\n#abc\n#1 1 4 14\n#2 3 4 15\n#3 7 6 11\n#4 12 7 10\n#5 9 8 6\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#find mean of each column and return results as a vector\n<\/span>sapply(data, mean)\n\n#abc\n#6.4 5.8 11.2 \n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#multiply values in each column by 2 and return results as a matrix\n<\/span>sapply(data, function(data) data*2)\n\n#abc\n#[1,] 2 8 28\n#[2,] 6 8 30\n#[3,] 14 12 22\n#[4,] 24 14 20\n#[5,] 18 16 12<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>sapply()\ub97c<\/strong> \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ubaa9\ub85d\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc791\uc5c5\uc744 \uc218\ud589\ud560 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uc74c \uc608\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc774\ub97c \uc218\ud589\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #e5e5e5; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create a list\n<\/span>x &lt;- list(a=1, b=1:5, c=1:10) \nx\n\n#$a\n# [1] 1\n#\n# $b\n# [1] 1 2 3 4 5\n#\n# $c\n# [1] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#find the sum of each element in the list<\/span>\nsapply(x, sum)\n\n#abc\n#1 15 55 \n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#find the mean of each element in the list<\/span>\nsapply(x, mean)\n\n#abc\n#1.0 3.0 5.5\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<h2> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\uc218\ub3c4\uaf2d\uc9c0()<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\ubca1\ud130\uc758 \ud558\uc704 \uc9d1\ud569\uc5d0 \ud568\uc218\ub97c \uc801\uc6a9\ud558\uace0 \ud558\uc704 \uc9d1\ud569\uc774 \ub2e4\ub978 \ubca1\ud130(\uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc694\uc778)\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uc815\uc758\ub418\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0 <strong>tapply()<\/strong> \ud568\uc218\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">tapply() \ud568\uc218\uc758 \uae30\ubcf8 \uad6c\ubb38\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\ud0ed(X, INDEX, FUN)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">X\ub294 \uac1d\uccb4\uc758 \uc774\ub984\uc774\uba70 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubca1\ud130\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">INDEX\ub294 \ud558\ub098 \uc774\uc0c1\uc758 \uc694\uc18c \ubaa9\ub85d\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">FUN\uc740 \uc218\ud589\ud558\ub824\ub294 \ud2b9\uc815 \uc791\uc5c5\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\ub2e4\uc74c \ucf54\ub4dc\ub294 \ubd93\uaf43 \uc784\ubca0\ub514\ub4dc R \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc138\ud2b8\uc5d0\uc11c <strong>tapply()<\/strong> \ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uc608\ub97c \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4 <strong><em>.<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #e5e5e5; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#view first six lines of <em>iris<\/em> dataset<\/span>\nhead(iris)\n\n# Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width Species\n#1 5.1 3.5 1.4 0.2 setosa\n#2 4.9 3.0 1.4 0.2 setosa\n#3 4.7 3.2 1.3 0.2 setosa\n#4 4.6 3.1 1.5 0.2 setosa\n#5 5.0 3.6 1.4 0.2 setosa\n#6 5.4 3.9 1.7 0.4 setosa\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#find the max Sepal.Length of each of the three Species<\/span>\ntapply(iris$Sepal.Length, iris$Species, max)\n\n#setosa versicolor virginica \n#5.8 7.0 7.9 \n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#find the mean Sepal.Width of each of the three Species\n<\/span>tapply(iris$Sepal.Width, iris$Species, mean)\n\n# setosa versicolor virginica \n# 3,428 2,770 2,974\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#find the minimum Petal.Width of each of the three Species\n<\/span>tapply(iris$Petal.Width, iris$Species, min)\n\n# setosa versicolor virginica \n#0.1 1.0 1.4 \n<\/strong><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\uc774 \ud29c\ud1a0\ub9ac\uc5bc\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ub0b4\uc7a5 R \ud568\uc218\uc778 apply() , sapply() , lapply() \ubc0f tapply() \uac04\uc758 \ucc28\uc774\uc810\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud558\uace0 \uac01 \ud568\uc218\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uc2dc\uae30\uc640 \ubc29\ubc95\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc608\ub97c \uc124\uba85\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc801\uc6a9\ud558\ub2e4() \ud589\ub82c\uc774\ub098 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ud504\ub808\uc784\uc758 \ud589\uc774\ub098 \uc5f4\uc5d0 \ud568\uc218\ub97c \uc801\uc6a9\ud558\ub824\uba74 apply() \ud568\uc218\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc138\uc694. Apply() \ud568\uc218\uc758 \uae30\ubcf8 \uad6c\ubb38\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc801\uc6a9(X, \ub9c8\uc9c4, FUN) X\ub294 \ubc30\uc5f4 \ub610\ub294 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ube14\ub85d\uc758 \uc774\ub984\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. MARGIN\uc740 \uc791\uc5c5\uc744 \uc218\ud589\ud560 \ucc28\uc6d0\uc744 \ub098\ud0c0\ub0c5\ub2c8\ub2e4(1 = [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-466","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-20"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>R\uc758 apply(), lapply(), sapply() \ubc0f tapply()\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uac00\uc774\ub4dc - Statorials<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\uc774 \ud29c\ud1a0\ub9ac\uc5bc\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 R\uc5d0 \ub0b4\uc7a5\ub41c \ud568\uc218\uc778 apply(), sapply(), lapply(), tapply() \uac04\uc758 \ucc28\uc774\uc810\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9 \uc608\uc2dc\uc640 \ud568\uaed8 \uc124\uba85\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/ko\/r\u110b\u1166-lapply-sapply-\u1106\u1175\u11be-tapply\u1105\u1173\u11af-\u110c\u1165\u11a8\u110b\u116d\u11bc\u1112\u1161\u1102\u1173\u11ab\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ko_KR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"R\uc758 apply(), lapply(), sapply() \ubc0f tapply()\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uac00\uc774\ub4dc - 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