{"id":1204,"date":"2023-07-27T07:23:11","date_gmt":"2023-07-27T07:23:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/my\/r-%e1%80%90%e1%80%bd%e1%80%84%e1%80%ba-%e1%80%a1%e1%80%93%e1%80%ad%e1%80%80-%e1%80%a1%e1%80%85%e1%80%ad%e1%80%90%e1%80%ba%e1%80%a1%e1%80%95%e1%80%ad%e1%80%af%e1%80%84%e1%80%ba%e1%80%b8%e1%80%99\/"},"modified":"2023-07-27T07:23:11","modified_gmt":"2023-07-27T07:23:11","slug":"r-%e1%80%90%e1%80%bd%e1%80%84%e1%80%ba-%e1%80%a1%e1%80%93%e1%80%ad%e1%80%80-%e1%80%a1%e1%80%85%e1%80%ad%e1%80%90%e1%80%ba%e1%80%a1%e1%80%95%e1%80%ad%e1%80%af%e1%80%84%e1%80%ba%e1%80%b8%e1%80%99","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/my\/r-%e1%80%90%e1%80%bd%e1%80%84%e1%80%ba-%e1%80%a1%e1%80%93%e1%80%ad%e1%80%80-%e1%80%a1%e1%80%85%e1%80%ad%e1%80%90%e1%80%ba%e1%80%a1%e1%80%95%e1%80%ad%e1%80%af%e1%80%84%e1%80%ba%e1%80%b8%e1%80%99\/","title":{"rendered":"R \u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u1013\u102d\u1000\u1021\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1006\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101a\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f (\u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><em>p<\/em> \u1000\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1001\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a \u1000\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1021\u1005\u102f\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1010\u102f\u1036\u1037\u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1015\u1031\u1038\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/my\/multiple-linear-regression\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u1019\u103b\u1009\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1006\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1021\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1015\u103c\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a<\/a> \u1000\u103b\u1014\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1005\u1010\u102f\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1038\u104f\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101c\u1012\u103a (RSS) \u1000\u102d\u102f \u101c\u103b\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1037\u1001\u103b\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1021\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1005\u1010\u102f\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101f\u102f \u1001\u1031\u102b\u103a\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a \u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u101c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u101e\u100a\u103a-<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>RSS = \u03a3(y <sub>i<\/sub> \u2013 \u0177 <sub>i<\/sub> ) <sup>\u1042<\/sup><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u101b\u103d\u103e\u1031-<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u2211<\/strong> : <em>\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101c\u1012\u103a<\/em> \u101f\u102f \u1021\u1013\u102d\u1015\u1039\u1015\u102c\u101a\u103a\u101b\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1002\u101b\u102d\u101e\u1004\u103a\u1039\u1000\u1031\u1010<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>y <sub>i<\/sub><\/strong> : <sup>\u1021\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1010\u102e<\/sup> \u101c\u1031\u1037\u101c\u102c\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1021\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u101a\u103a \u1010\u102f\u1036\u1037\u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1010\u1014\u103a\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1038<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0177 <sub>i<\/sub><\/strong> : Multiple linear regression model \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u1036\u104d \u1001\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1010\u102f\u1036\u1037\u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1010\u1014\u103a\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1038<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101b\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u104a \u1000\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1001\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1000\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1005\u1015\u103a\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1021\u1001\u102b\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u104a<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/my\/multicollinearity-\u1006\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101a\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u1000\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1005\u102f\u1036\u101e\u100a\u103a<\/a> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u1015\u103c\u103f\u1014\u102c\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101c\u102c\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1019\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1012\u101a\u103a\u1016\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1000\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038 \u1001\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101a\u102f\u1036\u1000\u103c\u100a\u103a\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1005\u1031\u1018\u1032 \u1000\u103d\u1032\u1015\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u103c\u101e\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u1024\u1015\u103c\u103f\u1014\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1038\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u101c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1019\u1030\u101c <em>p<\/em> \u1000\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1006\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104f <em>M<\/em> linear \u1015\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 (&#8220; principal components&#8221;  \u101f\u102f\u1001\u1031\u102b\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a) \u1000\u102d\u102f\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1015\u1031\u1038\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/my\/\u1021\u1013\u102d\u1000-\u1021\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038-\u1006\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101a\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u1021\u1013\u102d\u1000\u1021\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1006\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101a\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f<\/a> \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1015\u1004\u103a\u1019\u1021\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1000\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1010\u1004\u103a\u101f\u1031\u102c\u1000\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101e\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1000\u102c \u1021\u1014\u102d\u1019\u1037\u103a\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1005\u1010\u102f\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u1024\u101e\u1004\u103a\u1001\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1005\u102c\u101e\u100a\u103a R \u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u1013\u102d\u1000\u1021\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1006\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101a\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102f\u1036\u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1025\u1015\u1019\u102c\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a 1- \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1015\u1000\u103a\u1000\u1031\u1037\u1001\u103a\u103b\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">R \u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1021\u1013\u102d\u1000\u1021\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1006\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101a\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1021\u101c\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1000\u1030\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u101c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102c <a href=\"https:\/\/cran.r-project.org\/web\/packages\/pls\/pls.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">pls<\/a> package \u1021\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#install pls package (if not already installed)<\/span>\ninstall.packages(\" <span style=\"color: #008000;\">pls<\/span> \")\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">load pls package\n<\/span>library(pls)\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a 2- PCR \u1019\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1012\u101a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u100a\u103e\u102d\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u1024\u1025\u1015\u1019\u102c\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u104a \u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1000\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1012\u1031\u1010\u102c\u1015\u102b\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101e\u1031\u102c <strong>mtcars<\/strong> \u101f\u102f\u1001\u1031\u102b\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1010\u1015\u103a\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a R \u1012\u1031\u1010\u102c\u1021\u1005\u102f\u1036\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u102b\u1019\u100a\u103a-<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#view first six rows of mtcars dataset<\/span>\nhead(mtcars)\n\n                   mpg cyl disp hp drat wt qsec vs am gear carb\nMazda RX4 21.0 6 160 110 3.90 2.620 16.46 0 1 4 4\nMazda RX4 Wag 21.0 6 160 110 3.90 2.875 17.02 0 1 4 4\nDatsun 710 22.8 4 108 93 3.85 2.320 18.61 1 1 4 1\nHornet 4 Drive 21.4 6 258 110 3.08 3.215 19.44 1 0 3 1\nHornet Sportabout 18.7 8 360 175 3.15 3.440 17.02 0 0 3 2\nValiant 18.1 6 225 105 2.76 3,460 20.22 1 0 3 1\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u1024\u1025\u1015\u1019\u102c\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u104a \u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/my\/\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101c\u1032\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c-\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a-\u1010\u102f\u1036\u1037\u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u1010\u102f\u1036\u1037\u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038<\/a> \u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1021\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a <em>hp \u1000\u102d\u102f<\/em> \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1000\u102c \u1021\u1013\u102d\u1000\u1021\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1006\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101a\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f (PCR) \u1019\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1012\u101a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1016\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u101e\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1019\u100a\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u104a<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u1005\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1005\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101c\u103e\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u1015\u103c\u101e\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104b<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u101b\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101a\u103a\u1021\u101c\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">qsec<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1016\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1015\u103c\u1015\u102b\u1000\u102f\u1012\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a PCR \u1019\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1012\u101a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1024\u1012\u1031\u1010\u102c\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1019\u100a\u103a\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1021\u1036\u101d\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1005\u1031\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1016\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1015\u103c\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1021\u1004\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u1010\u102d\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>scale=TRUE<\/strong> : \u1001\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1030 variable \u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1005\u102e\u101e\u100a\u103a 0 \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a 1 \u104f \u1005\u1036\u101e\u103d\u1031\u1016\u100a\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1021\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1010\u102c\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1005\u102e\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u101f\u102f R \u1000\u102d\u102f\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1015\u103c\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1019\u1010\u1030\u100a\u102e\u101e\u1031\u102c\u101a\u1030\u1014\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102c\u1015\u102b\u1000 \u1019\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1012\u101a\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1019\u100a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u103e\u101e\u103c\u1007\u102c\u101c\u103d\u103e\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u1031\u1001\u103b\u102c\u1005\u1031\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b .<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>validation=\u201dCV\u201d<\/strong> &#8211; \u1019\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1012\u101a\u103a\u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101b\u100a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1000\u1032\u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a R \u101e\u100a\u103a <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/my\/k-cross-validation-\u1000\u102d\u102f-\u1001\u1031\u102b\u1000\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">k-fold cross validation \u1000\u102d\u102f<\/a> \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1015\u102f\u1036\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a k=10 \u1001\u1031\u102b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u101e\u1010\u102d\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u102b\u104b <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/my\/\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1010\u100a\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c-cross-validation-\u1011\u102c\u1038\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1015\u102b\u104b\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Leave-One-Out cross-validation<\/a> \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a &#8220; LOOCV&#8221;  \u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u1004\u103a \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u101e\u1010\u102d\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#make this example reproducible\n<\/span>set.seed(1)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#fit PCR model\n<\/span>model &lt;- pcr(hp~mpg+disp+drat+wt+qsec, data=mtcars, scale= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">TRUE<\/span> , validation=\" <span style=\"color: #008000;\">CV<\/span> \")<\/strong><\/pre>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a 3- \u1021\u1013\u102d\u1000 \u1021\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1021\u101b\u1031\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1019\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1012\u101a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u100a\u103e\u102d\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u104a \u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u1013\u102d\u1000 \u1021\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1019\u100a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u103e \u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101e\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u1012\u102b\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1037\u104a k-cross validation \u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c test root mean square error (test RMSE) \u1000\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1015\u102b-<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#view summary of model fitting\n<\/span>summary(model)\n\nData: \n\tY dimension: 32 1\nFit method: svdpc\nNumber of components considered: 5\n\nVALIDATION: RMSEP\nCross-validated using 10 random segments.\n       (Intercept) 1 comp 2 comps 3 comps 4 comps 5 comps\nCV 69.66 44.56 35.64 35.83 36.23 36.67\nadjCV 69.66 44.44 35.27 35.43 35.80 36.20\n\nTRAINING: % variance explained\n    1 comp 2 comps 3 comps 4 comps 5 comps\nX 69.83 89.35 95.88 98.96 100.00\nhp 62.38 81.31 81.96 81.98 82.03\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u101b\u101c\u1012\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u101d\u1004\u103a\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1005\u101b\u102c\u1000\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1007\u101a\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>1. \u1010\u101b\u102c\u1038\u101d\u1004\u103a- RMSEP<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u1024\u1007\u101a\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a k-fold cross validation \u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c RMSE \u1005\u102c\u1019\u1031\u1038\u1015\u103d\u1032\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1015\u103c\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1019\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a-<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u1019\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1012\u101a\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1019\u1030\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1001\u1031\u102b\u103a\u1021\u101d\u1031\u102b\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101e\u102c \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u102b\u1000\u104a \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u104f RMSE \u101e\u100a\u103a <strong>69.66<\/strong> \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1015\u1011\u1019\u1021\u1013\u102d\u1000\u1021\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1000 RMSE \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101e\u100a\u103a <strong>44.56 \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1000\u103b\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1012\u102f\u1010\u102d\u101a\u1021\u1013\u102d\u1000\u1021\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1000 RMSE \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101e\u100a\u103a <strong>35.64 \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1000\u103b\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1013\u102d\u1000\u1021\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u104f RMSE \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101c\u102c\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u1019\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1011\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1019\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1012\u101a\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u1013\u102d\u1000\u1021\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101e\u102c \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u1000\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101f\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1030\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>2. \u101c\u1031\u1037\u1000\u103b\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101b\u1031\u1038- \u1000\u103d\u1032\u101c\u103d\u1032\u1019\u103e\u102f % \u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103c\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u1024\u1007\u101a\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u1013\u102d\u1000\u1021\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a \u1010\u102f\u1036\u1037\u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1000\u103d\u1032\u101c\u103d\u1032\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101b\u102c\u1001\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1015\u103c\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1019\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a-<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u1015\u1011\u1019 \u1021\u1013\u102d\u1000 \u1021\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u104d \u1010\u102f\u1036\u1037\u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1000\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1000\u103d\u1032\u101c\u103d\u1032\u1019\u103e\u102f <strong>69.83%<\/strong> \u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u1012\u102f\u1010\u102d\u101a\u1021\u1013\u102d\u1000\u1021\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1010\u102f\u1036\u1037\u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1000\u103d\u1032\u101c\u103d\u1032\u1019\u103e\u102f <strong>89.35%<\/strong> \u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u1021\u1013\u102d\u1000 \u1021\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1015\u102d\u102f\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103d\u1032\u101c\u103d\u1032\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1006\u1032\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u1010\u102d\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u102b\u104a \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101e\u1031\u102c\u103a \u1021\u1013\u102d\u1000\u1021\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1011\u1000\u103a\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1000\u103d\u1032\u101c\u103d\u1032\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101b\u102c\u1001\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u101a\u103a\u1019\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u101e\u1010\u102d\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>validationplot()<\/strong> \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u104d \u1021\u1013\u102d\u1000\u1021\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u101b\u1031\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u104f \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a RMSE \u1005\u102c\u1019\u1031\u1038\u1015\u103d\u1032 (MSE \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a R-squared \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1021\u1010\u1030) \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1019\u103c\u1004\u103a\u101a\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#visualize cross-validation plots\n<\/span>validationplot(model)\nvalidationplot(model, val.type=\"MSEP\")\nvalidationplot(model, val.type=\"R2\")<\/strong> <\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11943 \" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/pcr1.png\" alt=\"R \u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u1013\u102d\u1000 \u1021\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1006\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101a\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\" width=\"403\" height=\"398\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"\"><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11944 \" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/pcr2.png\" alt=\"R \u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u1013\u102d\u1000\u1021\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1006\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101a\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1021\u1010\u100a\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103d\u1000\u103a\" width=\"403\" height=\"386\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"\"><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11945 \" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/pcr3.png\" alt=\"R \u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a R-squared \u1021\u1013\u102d\u1000 \u1021\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1006\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101a\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\" width=\"401\" height=\"394\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"\"><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u1002\u101b\u1015\u103a\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1005\u102e\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u104a \u1021\u1013\u102d\u1000\u1021\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1019\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1012\u101a\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u1036\u101d\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1014\u1031\u101e\u100a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u1019\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1021\u1013\u102d\u1000\u1021\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1011\u1015\u103a\u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1021\u1001\u102b\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1006\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101b\u103d\u102c\u1038\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1010\u1010\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1000\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1019\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1012\u101a\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1015\u1011\u1019\u1021\u1013\u102d\u1000\u1021\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u101e\u102c \u1015\u102b\u101d\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a 4- \u1001\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u103c\u102f\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u102f\u1036\u1005\u1036\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u101c\u1031\u1037\u101c\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101e\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u101e\u1000\u103a\u104d \u1001\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1021\u1013\u102d\u1000\u1021\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f PCR \u1019\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1012\u101a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1000\u102f\u1012\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1019\u1030\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1012\u1031\u1010\u102c\u1021\u1005\u102f\u1036\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101c\u1031\u1037\u1000\u103b\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a \u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1015\u102f\u1036\u1015\u103c\u101e\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u1005\u102f\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1001\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1021\u1013\u102d\u1000\u1021\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1015\u102b\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101e\u1031\u102c PCR \u1019\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1012\u101a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#define training and testing sets\n<\/span>train &lt;- mtcars[1:25, c(\"hp\", \"mpg\", \"disp\", \"drat\", \"wt\", \"qsec\")]\ny_test &lt;- mtcars[26: <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">nrow<\/span> (mtcars), c(\"hp\")]\ntest &lt;- mtcars[26: <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">nrow<\/span> (mtcars), c(\"mpg\", \"disp\", \"drat\", \"wt\", \"qsec\")]\n    \n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#use model to make predictions on a test set\n<\/span>model &lt;- pcr(hp~mpg+disp+drat+wt+qsec, data=train, scale= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">TRUE<\/span> , validation=\" <span style=\"color: #008000;\">CV<\/span> \")\npcr_pred &lt;- predict(model, test, ncomp= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">2<\/span> )\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#calculate RMSE\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">sqrt<\/span> ( <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">mean<\/span> ((pcr_pred - y_test)^2))\n\n[1] 56.86549\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u1005\u102c\u1019\u1031\u1038\u1015\u103d\u1032\u104f RMSE \u101e\u100a\u103a <strong>56.86549<\/strong> \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u103c\u1004\u103a\u101b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1001\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c <em>hp<\/em> \u1010\u1014\u103a\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u1005\u102f\u1021\u101d\u1031\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u101c\u1031\u1037\u101c\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c <em>hp<\/em> \u1010\u1014\u103a\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038 \u1015\u103b\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u103e\u101e\u103d\u1031\u1016\u100a\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u1024\u1025\u1015\u1019\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a R \u1000\u102f\u1012\u103a\u104f \u1021\u1015\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1021\u101d\u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/Statorials\/R-Guides\/blob\/main\/principal_components_regression.R\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u1024\u1014\u1031\u101b\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a<\/a> \u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>p \u1000\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1001\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a \u1000\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1021\u1005\u102f\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1010\u102f\u1036\u1037\u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1015\u1031\u1038\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a \u1019\u103b\u1009\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1006\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1021\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1015\u103c\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1000\u103b\u1014\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1005\u1010\u102f\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1038\u104f\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101c\u1012\u103a (RSS) \u1000\u102d\u102f \u101c\u103b\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1037\u1001\u103b\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1021\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1005\u1010\u102f\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101f\u102f \u1001\u1031\u102b\u103a\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a \u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u101c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u101e\u100a\u103a- RSS = \u03a3(y i \u2013 \u0177 i ) \u1042 \u101b\u103d\u103e\u1031- \u2211 : \u1015\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101c\u1012\u103a \u101f\u102f \u1021\u1013\u102d\u1015\u1039\u1015\u102c\u101a\u103a\u101b\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1002\u101b\u102d\u101e\u1004\u103a\u1039\u1000\u1031\u1010 y i : \u1021\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1010\u102e \u101c\u1031\u1037\u101c\u102c\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1021\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u101a\u103a \u1010\u102f\u1036\u1037\u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1010\u1014\u103a\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1038 \u0177 i : Multiple linear regression model \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u1036\u104d \u1001\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1010\u102f\u1036\u1037\u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1010\u1014\u103a\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1038 \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101b\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u104a 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