{"id":1500,"date":"2023-07-26T03:17:13","date_gmt":"2023-07-26T03:17:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/najnizsze-wygladzanie-r\/"},"modified":"2023-07-26T03:17:13","modified_gmt":"2023-07-26T03:17:13","slug":"najnizsze-wygladzanie-r","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/najnizsze-wygladzanie-r\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak wykona\u0107 s\u0142abe wyg\u0142adzanie w r (krok po kroku)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">W statystyce termin <strong>najni\u017cszy<\/strong> odnosi si\u0119 do \u201ewyg\u0142adzania lokalnie wa\u017conych chmur punkt\u00f3w\u201d \u2013 procesu tworzenia g\u0142adkiej krzywej odpowiadaj\u0105cej punktom danych w chmurze punkt\u00f3w.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Aby wykona\u0107 najni\u017csze wyg\u0142adzanie w R, mo\u017cemy u\u017cy\u0107 funkcji <strong>lowess()<\/strong> , kt\u00f3ra wykorzystuje nast\u0119puj\u0105c\u0105 sk\u0142adni\u0119:<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>ni\u017cszy (x, y, f = 2\/3)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Z\u0142oto:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>x:<\/strong> wektor liczbowy warto\u015bci x.<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>y:<\/strong> wektor liczbowy warto\u015bci y.<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>f:<\/strong> warto\u015b\u0107 dla najbardziej p\u0142ynnego zakresu. Daje to proporcj\u0119 punkt\u00f3w na wykresie, kt\u00f3ra wp\u0142ywa na wyg\u0142adzanie przy ka\u017cdej warto\u015bci. Wy\u017csze warto\u015bci powoduj\u0105 wi\u0119ksz\u0105 g\u0142adko\u015b\u0107.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Poni\u017cszy przyk\u0142ad krok po kroku pokazuje, jak wykona\u0107 s\u0142abe wyg\u0142adzanie dla danego zbioru danych w R.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Krok 1: Utw\u00f3rz dane<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Najpierw utw\u00f3rzmy fa\u0142szywy zbi\u00f3r danych:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>df &lt;- data. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">frame<\/span> (x=c(1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 6, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 11, 12, 13, 14),<\/strong><\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>y=c(4, 7, 9, 10, 14, 15, 19, 16, 17, 21, 22, 34, 44, 40, 43, 45))<\/strong><\/span><\/pre>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Krok 2: Narysuj dane<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Nast\u0119pnie narysujmy warto\u015bci x i y zbioru danych:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong>plot(df$x, df$y)<\/strong> <\/pre>\n<h3><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-14910 \" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/faible1-2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"442\" height=\"403\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/h3>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Krok 3: Narysuj krzyw\u0105 minimaln\u0105<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Nast\u0119pnie narysujmy najs\u0142absz\u0105 krzyw\u0105 wyg\u0142adzaj\u0105c\u0105 na punktach na wykresie rozrzutu:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create scatterplot<\/span>\nplot(df$x, df$y)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#add lowess smoothing curve to plot<\/span>\nlines(lowess(df$x, df$y), col=' <span style=\"color: #008000;\">red<\/span> ')\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-14911 \" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/faible2-2.png\" alt=\"Przyk\u0142ad wyg\u0142adzania Lowessa w R\" width=\"440\" height=\"397\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Krok 4: Dostosuj mniejszy zasi\u0119g (opcjonalnie)<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Mo\u017cemy tak\u017ce dostosowa\u0107 argument <strong>f<\/strong> w funkcji lowes(), aby zwi\u0119kszy\u0107 lub zmniejszy\u0107 warto\u015b\u0107 u\u017cywan\u0105 w celu uzyskania g\u0142adszego zakresu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Nale\u017cy pami\u0119ta\u0107, \u017ce im wi\u0119ksz\u0105 warto\u015b\u0107 podamy, tym g\u0142adsza b\u0119dzie dolna krzywa.<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create scatterplot<\/span>\nplot(df$x, df$y)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#add lowess smoothing curves<\/span>\nlines(lowess(df$x, df$y), col=' <span style=\"color: #008000;\">red<\/span> ')\nlines(lowess(df$x, df$y, f=0.3), col=' <span style=\"color: #008000;\">purple<\/span> ')\nlines(lowess(df$x, df$y, f=3), col=' <span style=\"color: #008000;\">steelblue<\/span> ')\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#add legend to plot\n<\/span>legend(' <span style=\"color: #008000;\">topleft<\/span> ',\n       col = c(' <span style=\"color: #008000;\">red<\/span> ', ' <span style=\"color: #008000;\">purple<\/span> ', ' <span style=\"color: #008000;\">steelblue<\/span> '),\n       lwd = 2,\n       c(' <span style=\"color: #008000;\">Smoother = 1<\/span> ', ' <span style=\"color: #008000;\">Smoother = 0.3<\/span> ', ' <span style=\"color: #008000;\">Smoother = 3<\/span> '))<\/strong> <\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-14912 \" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/faible3-2.png\" alt=\"S\u0142abe wyg\u0142adzanie krzywych w R\" width=\"437\" height=\"399\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Dodatkowe zasoby<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/jak-wykreslic-wiele-linii-serii-danych-na-wykresie-w-r\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jak wykre\u015bli\u0107 wiele linii na wykresie w R<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/wykres-punktowy-z-linia-regresji-r\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jak utworzy\u0107 wykres rozrzutu z lini\u0105 regresji w R<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/regresja-wielomianowa-r\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jak wykona\u0107 regresj\u0119 wielomianow\u0105 w R<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>W statystyce termin najni\u017cszy odnosi si\u0119 do \u201ewyg\u0142adzania lokalnie wa\u017conych chmur punkt\u00f3w\u201d \u2013 procesu tworzenia g\u0142adkiej krzywej odpowiadaj\u0105cej punktom danych w chmurze punkt\u00f3w. Aby wykona\u0107 najni\u017csze wyg\u0142adzanie w R, mo\u017cemy u\u017cy\u0107 funkcji lowess() , kt\u00f3ra wykorzystuje nast\u0119puj\u0105c\u0105 sk\u0142adni\u0119: ni\u017cszy (x, y, f = 2\/3) Z\u0142oto: x: wektor liczbowy warto\u015bci x. y: wektor liczbowy warto\u015bci y. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1500","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-przewodnik"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Jak wykona\u0107 s\u0142abe wyg\u0142adzanie w R (krok po kroku)<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"W tym samouczku wyja\u015bniono, jak wykona\u0107 s\u0142abe wyg\u0142adzanie w j\u0119zyku R, \u0142\u0105cznie z przyk\u0142adem krok po kroku.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/najnizsze-wygladzanie-r\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pl_PL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Jak wykona\u0107 s\u0142abe wyg\u0142adzanie w R (krok po kroku)\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"W tym samouczku wyja\u015bniono, jak wykona\u0107 s\u0142abe wyg\u0142adzanie w j\u0119zyku R, \u0142\u0105cznie z przyk\u0142adem krok po kroku.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/najnizsze-wygladzanie-r\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Statorials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-07-26T03:17:13+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/faible1-2.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Benjamin Anderson\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Napisane przez\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Benjamin Anderson\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Szacowany czas czytania\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minuty\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/najnizsze-wygladzanie-r\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/najnizsze-wygladzanie-r\/\",\"name\":\"Jak wykona\u0107 s\u0142abe wyg\u0142adzanie w R (krok po kroku)\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-07-26T03:17:13+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-26T03:17:13+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/#\/schema\/person\/6484727a4612df3e69f016c3129c6965\"},\"description\":\"W tym samouczku wyja\u015bniono, jak wykona\u0107 s\u0142abe wyg\u0142adzanie w j\u0119zyku R, \u0142\u0105cznie z przyk\u0142adem krok po kroku.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/najnizsze-wygladzanie-r\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/najnizsze-wygladzanie-r\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/najnizsze-wygladzanie-r\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Dom\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Jak wykona\u0107 s\u0142abe wyg\u0142adzanie w r (krok po kroku)\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/\",\"name\":\"Statorials\",\"description\":\"Tw\u00f3j przewodnik po kompetencjach statystycznych!\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/#\/schema\/person\/6484727a4612df3e69f016c3129c6965\",\"name\":\"Benjamin Anderson\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Benjamin Anderson\"},\"description\":\"Cze\u015b\u0107, jestem Benjamin i jestem emerytowanym profesorem statystyki, kt\u00f3ry zosta\u0142 oddanym nauczycielem Statorials. 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