{"id":1676,"date":"2023-07-25T10:13:28","date_gmt":"2023-07-25T10:13:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/percentyl-vs-kwartyl-vs-kwantyl\/"},"modified":"2023-07-25T10:13:28","modified_gmt":"2023-07-25T10:13:28","slug":"percentyl-vs-kwartyl-vs-kwantyl","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/percentyl-vs-kwartyl-vs-kwantyl\/","title":{"rendered":"Percentyl, kwartyl i kwantyl: jaka jest r\u00f3\u017cnica?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Trzy terminy, kt\u00f3re uczniowie cz\u0119sto myl\u0105 w statystyce, to percentyle, kwartyle i kwantyle.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Oto prosta definicja ka\u017cdego z nich:<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Percentyle:<\/strong> zakres od 0 do 100.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Kwartyle:<\/strong> zakres od 0 do 4.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Kwantyle:<\/strong> przejd\u017a od dowolnej warto\u015bci do dowolnej innej warto\u015bci.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Nale\u017cy pami\u0119ta\u0107, \u017ce percentyle i kwartyle to po prostu <em>rodzaje<\/em> kwantyli.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Niekt\u00f3re typy kwantyli maj\u0105 nawet specyficzne nazwy, na przyk\u0142ad:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Cztery kwantyle nazywane s\u0105 <em>kwartylami<\/em> .<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Pi\u0119\u0107 kwantyli nazywa si\u0119 <em>kwintylami<\/em> .<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">8 kwantyli nazywa si\u0119 <em>oktylami<\/em> .<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">10 kwantyli nazywa si\u0119 <em>decylami<\/em> .<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">100 kwantyli nazywa si\u0119 <em>percentylami<\/em> .<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Nale\u017cy zauwa\u017cy\u0107, \u017ce percentyle i kwartyle \u0142\u0105czy nast\u0119puj\u0105ca zale\u017cno\u015b\u0107:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">0 percentyl = 0 kwartyl (zwany tak\u017ce minimum)<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">25. percentyl = 1. kwartyl<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">50. percentyl = 2. kwartyl (zwany tak\u017ce median\u0105)<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">75. percentyl = 3. kwartyl<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">100. percentyl = 4. kwartyl (zwany tak\u017ce maksimum)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Przyk\u0142ad: Znajdowanie percentyli i kwartyl\u00f3w<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Za\u0142\u00f3\u017cmy, \u017ce mamy nast\u0119puj\u0105cy zbi\u00f3r danych zawieraj\u0105cy 20 warto\u015bci:<\/span> <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-16537 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/perc1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"81\" height=\"476\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Korzystaj\u0105c z oprogramowania statystycznego (takiego jak Excel, R, Python itp.), mo\u017cemy znale\u017a\u0107 nast\u0119puj\u0105ce percentyle i kwartyle dla tego zbioru danych:<\/span> <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-16538 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/perc2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"385\" height=\"515\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Oto jak interpretowa\u0107 te warto\u015bci:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Percentyl 0 i kwartyl 0 to <strong>3<\/strong> .<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">25. percentyl i 1. kwartyl to <strong>8,5<\/strong> .<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">50. percentyl i 2. kwartyl to <strong>16,5<\/strong> .<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">75. percentyl i 3. kwartyl to <strong>23,5<\/strong> .<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Setny percentyl i czwarty kwartyl to <strong>37<\/strong> .<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Kiedy stosowa\u0107 percentyle a kiedy kwartyle<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Percentyle<\/strong> mo\u017cna wykorzysta\u0107 do odpowiedzi na pytania takie jak:<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Ile ucze\u0144 musi zdoby\u0107 w konkretnym te\u015bcie, aby znale\u017a\u0107 si\u0119 w najlepszych 10%?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Aby odpowiedzie\u0107 na to pytanie, znale\u017aliby\u015bmy 90. percentyl wszystkich wynik\u00f3w, czyli warto\u015b\u0107 oddzielaj\u0105c\u0105 90% dolnych od 10% g\u00f3rnych.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Jaki wzrost obejmuje 40% \u015bredniego wzrostu uczni\u00f3w w danej szkole?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Aby odpowiedzie\u0107 na to pytanie, znale\u017aliby\u015bmy 70. percentyl wzrostu i 30. percentyl wzrostu, czyli dwie warto\u015bci okre\u015blaj\u0105ce g\u00f3rn\u0105 i doln\u0105 granic\u0119 \u015brodkowych 40% wzrostu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Kwartyli<\/strong> mo\u017cna u\u017cywa\u0107 do odpowiadania na pytania takie jak:<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Ile ucze\u0144 musi zdoby\u0107 na te\u015bcie, aby znale\u017a\u0107 si\u0119 w g\u00f3rnej \u0107wiartce wynik\u00f3w?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Aby odpowiedzie\u0107 na to pytanie, znale\u017aliby\u015bmy trzeci kwartyl wszystkich wynik\u00f3w, czyli warto\u015b\u0107 oddzielaj\u0105c\u0105 75% dolnych od 25% g\u00f3rnych.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Jaki jest rozst\u0119p mi\u0119dzykwartylowy danego zbioru danych?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Rozst\u0119p mi\u0119dzykwartylowy (IQR) to zakres \u015brodkowych 50% warto\u015bci danych. Aby znale\u017a\u0107 IQR dla danego zbioru danych, mo\u017cemy obliczy\u0107 3. kwartyl \u2013 1. kwartyl.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Dodatkowe zasoby<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/percentyle-w-r\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jak obliczy\u0107 percentyle w R<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/kwartyle-w-r\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jak obliczy\u0107 kwartyle w R<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/rozstep-miedzykwartylowy-excel\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jak obliczy\u0107 rozst\u0119p mi\u0119dzykwartylowy w programie Excel<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/rozstep-miedzykwartylowy-ti-84\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jak obliczy\u0107 rozst\u0119p mi\u0119dzykwartylowy na kalkulatorze TI-84<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Trzy terminy, kt\u00f3re uczniowie cz\u0119sto myl\u0105 w statystyce, to percentyle, kwartyle i kwantyle. Oto prosta definicja ka\u017cdego z nich: Percentyle: zakres od 0 do 100. Kwartyle: zakres od 0 do 4. Kwantyle: przejd\u017a od dowolnej warto\u015bci do dowolnej innej warto\u015bci. Nale\u017cy pami\u0119ta\u0107, \u017ce percentyle i kwartyle to po prostu rodzaje kwantyli. Niekt\u00f3re typy kwantyli maj\u0105 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1676","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-przewodnik"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Percentyl, kwartyl i kwantyl: jaka jest r\u00f3\u017cnica?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"W tym samouczku za pomoc\u0105 kilku przyk\u0142ad\u00f3w wyja\u015bniono r\u00f3\u017cnic\u0119 mi\u0119dzy percentylami, kwartylami i kwantylami.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/percentyl-vs-kwartyl-vs-kwantyl\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pl_PL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Percentyl, kwartyl i kwantyl: jaka jest r\u00f3\u017cnica?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"W tym samouczku za pomoc\u0105 kilku przyk\u0142ad\u00f3w wyja\u015bniono r\u00f3\u017cnic\u0119 mi\u0119dzy percentylami, kwartylami i kwantylami.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/percentyl-vs-kwartyl-vs-kwantyl\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Statorials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-07-25T10:13:28+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/perc1.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Benjamin Anderson\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Napisane przez\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Benjamin Anderson\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Szacowany czas czytania\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minuty\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/percentyl-vs-kwartyl-vs-kwantyl\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/percentyl-vs-kwartyl-vs-kwantyl\/\",\"name\":\"Percentyl, kwartyl i kwantyl: jaka jest r\u00f3\u017cnica?\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-07-25T10:13:28+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-25T10:13:28+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/#\/schema\/person\/6484727a4612df3e69f016c3129c6965\"},\"description\":\"W tym samouczku za pomoc\u0105 kilku przyk\u0142ad\u00f3w wyja\u015bniono r\u00f3\u017cnic\u0119 mi\u0119dzy percentylami, kwartylami i kwantylami.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/percentyl-vs-kwartyl-vs-kwantyl\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/percentyl-vs-kwartyl-vs-kwantyl\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/percentyl-vs-kwartyl-vs-kwantyl\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Dom\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Percentyl, kwartyl i kwantyl: jaka jest r\u00f3\u017cnica?\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/\",\"name\":\"Statorials\",\"description\":\"Tw\u00f3j przewodnik po kompetencjach statystycznych!\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/#\/schema\/person\/6484727a4612df3e69f016c3129c6965\",\"name\":\"Benjamin Anderson\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Benjamin Anderson\"},\"description\":\"Cze\u015b\u0107, jestem Benjamin i jestem emerytowanym profesorem statystyki, kt\u00f3ry zosta\u0142 oddanym nauczycielem Statorials. 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