{"id":2014,"date":"2023-07-24T02:07:30","date_gmt":"2023-07-24T02:07:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/indeks-gorny-i-dolny-w-r\/"},"modified":"2023-07-24T02:07:30","modified_gmt":"2023-07-24T02:07:30","slug":"indeks-gorny-i-dolny-w-r","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/indeks-gorny-i-dolny-w-r\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak doda\u0107 indeksy g\u00f3rne i dolne do wykres\u00f3w w r"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Mo\u017cesz u\u017cy\u0107 nast\u0119puj\u0105cej podstawowej sk\u0142adni, aby doda\u0107 indeksy g\u00f3rne i dolne do wykres\u00f3w w R:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#define expression with superscript\n<\/span>x_expression &lt;- expression(x^ <span style=\"color: #008000;\">3<\/span> ~ variable ~ label)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#define expression with subscript\n<\/span>y_expression &lt;- expression(y[ <span style=\"color: #008000;\">3<\/span> ] ~ variable ~ label)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#add expressions to axis labels\n<\/span>plot(x, y, xlab = x_expression, ylab = y_expression)\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Poni\u017csze przyk\u0142ady pokazuj\u0105, jak u\u017cywa\u0107 tej sk\u0142adni w praktyce.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Przyk\u0142ad 1: Dodaj wyk\u0142adniki do etykiet osi<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Poni\u017cszy kod pokazuje, jak doda\u0107 wyk\u0142adniki do etykiet osi wykresu w R:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#define data\n<\/span>x &lt;- c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)\ny &lt;- c(9, 12, 14, 16, 15, 19, 26, 29)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#define x and y-axis labels with superscripts\n<\/span>x_expression &lt;- expression(x^3 ~ variable ~ label)\ny_expression &lt;- expression(y^3 ~ variable ~ label)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#createplot\n<\/span>plot(x, y, xlab = x_expression, ylab = y_expression)\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-18901\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/sup1.png\" alt=\"wyk\u0142adnik na osi na wykresie R\" width=\"464\" height=\"432\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Nale\u017cy zauwa\u017cy\u0107, \u017ce osie X i Y maj\u0105 wyk\u0142adnik na swojej etykiecie.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Wyk\u0142adnik osi Y jest nieco obci\u0119ty na wykresie. Aby przybli\u017cy\u0107 etykiety do osi wykresu, mo\u017cemy u\u017cy\u0107 funkcji <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/wed\u0142ug-funkcji-w-r\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">par()<\/a> w R:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#adjust by values (default is (3, 0, 0))\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">by(mgp=c(2.5, 1, 0))<\/span><\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#createplot\n<\/span>plot(x, y, xlab = x_expression, ylab = y_expression)<\/strong> <\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-18902 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/sup2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"472\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Uwaga<\/strong> : Wybrali\u015bmy \u201e3\u201d jako losow\u0105 warto\u015b\u0107 do umieszczenia jako wyk\u0142adnik. Mo\u017cesz umie\u015bci\u0107 dowoln\u0105 warto\u015b\u0107 liczbow\u0105 lub znak jako indeks g\u00f3rny.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Przyk\u0142ad 2: Dodaj indeksy dolne do etykiet osi<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Poni\u017cszy kod pokazuje, jak doda\u0107 indeksy do etykiet osi wykresu w R:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#define data\n<\/span>x &lt;- c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)\ny &lt;- c(9, 12, 14, 16, 15, 19, 26, 29)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#define x and y-axis labels with superscripts\n<\/span>x_expression &lt;- expression(x[3] ~ variable ~ label)\ny_expression &lt;- expression(y[3] ~ variable ~ label)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#createplot\n<\/span>plot(x, y, xlab = x_expression, ylab = y_expression)<\/strong> <\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-18903\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/sup3.png\" alt=\"indeks dolny w etykietach osi w R\" width=\"459\" height=\"410\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<h3> <strong>Przyk\u0142ad 3: Dodawanie indeks\u00f3w g\u00f3rnych i dolnych wewn\u0105trz wykresu<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Poni\u017cszy kod pokazuje, jak doda\u0107 indeks g\u00f3rny do elementu tekstowego wewn\u0105trz \u015bcie\u017cki:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#define data\n<\/span>x &lt;- c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)\ny &lt;- c(9, 12, 14, 16, 15, 19, 26, 29)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#createplot\n<\/span>plot(x, y)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#define label with superscript to add to plot\n<\/span>R2_expression &lt;- expression(paste(\" \", R^2 , \"= \", .905))\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#add text to plot\n<\/span>text(x = 2, y = 25, label = R2_expression)\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-18904 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/sup4.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"467\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Dodatkowe zasoby<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/r-wykres-punktowy-z-wieloma-zmiennymi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jak utworzy\u0107 wykres rozrzutu w R z wieloma zmiennymi<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/wykres-pude\u0142kowy-obok-siebie-w-r\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jak tworzy\u0107 wykresy pude\u0142kowe obok siebie w R<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/r-superpozycja-sladow\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jak nak\u0142ada\u0107 dzia\u0142ki w R<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mo\u017cesz u\u017cy\u0107 nast\u0119puj\u0105cej podstawowej sk\u0142adni, aby doda\u0107 indeksy g\u00f3rne i dolne do wykres\u00f3w w R: #define expression with superscript x_expression &lt;- expression(x^ 3 ~ variable ~ label) #define expression with subscript y_expression &lt;- expression(y[ 3 ] ~ variable ~ label) #add expressions to axis labels plot(x, y, xlab = x_expression, ylab = y_expression) Poni\u017csze przyk\u0142ady [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2014","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-przewodnik"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.5 - 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