{"id":2973,"date":"2023-07-19T20:13:11","date_gmt":"2023-07-19T20:13:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/r-do-kwadratu-w-pythonie\/"},"modified":"2023-07-19T20:13:11","modified_gmt":"2023-07-19T20:13:11","slug":"r-do-kwadratu-w-pythonie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/r-do-kwadratu-w-pythonie\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak obliczy\u0107 r-kwadrat w pythonie (z przyk\u0142adem)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>R-kwadrat<\/strong> , cz\u0119sto zapisywany <sup>jako R2<\/sup> , to proporcja wariancji <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/zmienne-odpowiedzi-wyjasniajace\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">zmiennej odpowiedzi<\/a> , kt\u00f3r\u0105 mo\u017cna wyja\u015bni\u0107 za pomoc\u0105 zmiennych predykcyjnych w <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/wielokrotna-regresja-liniowa\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">modelu regresji liniowej<\/a> .<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Warto\u015b\u0107 R do kwadratu mo\u017ce zmienia\u0107 si\u0119 od 0 do 1, gdzie:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Warto\u015b\u0107 0<\/strong> wskazuje, \u017ce zmienna odpowiedzi nie mo\u017ce by\u0107 w og\u00f3le wyja\u015bniona przez zmienn\u0105 predykcyjn\u0105.<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>1<\/strong> wskazuje, \u017ce zmienn\u0105 odpowiedzi mo\u017cna doskonale i bezb\u0142\u0119dnie wyja\u015bni\u0107 za pomoc\u0105 zmiennych predykcyjnych.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Poni\u017cszy przyk\u0142ad pokazuje, jak obliczy\u0107 R <sup>2<\/sup> dla modelu regresji w Pythonie.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Przyk\u0142ad: oblicz R-kwadrat w Pythonie<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Za\u0142\u00f3\u017cmy, \u017ce mamy nast\u0119puj\u0105c\u0105 ramk\u0119 DataFrame pand:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008000;\">import<\/span> pandas <span style=\"color: #008000;\">as<\/span> pd\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#createDataFrame\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">df = pd. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">DataFrame<\/span> ({' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">hours<\/span> ': [1, 2, 2, 4, 2, 1, 5, 4, 2, 4, 4, 3, 6],\n                   ' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">prep_exams<\/span> ': [1, 3, 3, 5, 2, 2, 1, 1, 0, 3, 4, 3, 2],\n                   ' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">score<\/span> ': [76, 78, 85, 88, 72, 69, 94, 94, 88, 92, 90, 75, 96]})\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#view DataFrame\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #008000;\">print<\/span> (df)\n\n    hours prep_exams score\n0 1 1 76\n1 2 3 78\n2 2 3 85\n3 4 5 88\n4 2 2 72\n5 1 2 69\n6 5 1 94\n7 4 1 94\n8 2 0 88\n9 4 3 92\n10 4 4 90\n11 3 3 75\n12 6 2 96\n<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Mo\u017cemy u\u017cy\u0107 funkcji <strong>LinearRegression()<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/scikit-learn.org\/stable\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sklearn<\/a> , aby dopasowa\u0107 model regresji, oraz funkcji <strong>score()<\/strong> do obliczenia warto\u015bci R-kwadrat modelu:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\">from<\/span> sklearn.linear_model <span style=\"color: #008000;\">import<\/span> LinearRegression\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#initiate linear regression model\n<\/span>model = LinearRegression()\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#define predictor and response variables\n<\/span>x, y = df[[\" <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">hours<\/span> \", \" <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">prep_exams<\/span> \"]], df. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">score<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#fit regression model\n<\/span>model. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">fit<\/span> (x,y)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#calculate R-squared of regression model\n<\/span>r_squared = model. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">score<\/span> (x,y)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#view R-squared value\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #008000;\">print<\/span> (r_squared)\n\n0.7175541714105901\n<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Okazuje si\u0119, \u017ce kwadrat R modelu wynosi <strong>0,7176<\/strong> .<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Oznacza to, \u017ce <strong>71,76%<\/strong> r\u00f3\u017cnic w wynikach egzamin\u00f3w mo\u017cna wyt\u0142umaczy\u0107 liczb\u0105 przepracowanych godzin i liczb\u0105 zdanych egzamin\u00f3w praktycznych.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Gdyby\u015bmy chcieli, mogliby\u015bmy nast\u0119pnie por\u00f3wna\u0107 t\u0119 warto\u015b\u0107 R-kwadrat z innym modelem regresji z innym zestawem zmiennych predykcyjnych.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Og\u00f3lnie rzecz bior\u0105c, preferowane s\u0105 modele o wy\u017cszych warto\u015bciach R-kwadrat, poniewa\u017c oznacza to, \u017ce zestaw zmiennych predykcyjnych w modelu jest w stanie dobrze wyja\u015bni\u0107 zmienno\u015b\u0107 zmiennej odpowiedzi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Powi\u0105zane:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/dobra-wartosc-r-do-kwadratu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Jaka jest dobra warto\u015b\u0107 R-kwadrat?<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Dodatkowe zasoby<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Poni\u017csze samouczki wyja\u015bniaj\u0105, jak wykonywa\u0107 inne typowe operacje w Pythonie:<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/prosta-regresja-liniowa-w-pythonie\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Jak wykona\u0107 prost\u0105 regresj\u0119 liniow\u0105 w Pythonie<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/python-regresji-liniowej\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Jak wykona\u0107 wielokrotn\u0105 regresj\u0119 liniow\u0105 w Pythonie<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/aic-w-pythonie\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jak obliczy\u0107 AIC modeli regresji w Pythonie<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>R-kwadrat , cz\u0119sto zapisywany jako R2 , to proporcja wariancji zmiennej odpowiedzi , kt\u00f3r\u0105 mo\u017cna wyja\u015bni\u0107 za pomoc\u0105 zmiennych predykcyjnych w modelu regresji liniowej . Warto\u015b\u0107 R do kwadratu mo\u017ce zmienia\u0107 si\u0119 od 0 do 1, gdzie: Warto\u015b\u0107 0 wskazuje, \u017ce zmienna odpowiedzi nie mo\u017ce by\u0107 w og\u00f3le wyja\u015bniona przez zmienn\u0105 predykcyjn\u0105. 1 wskazuje, \u017ce [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2973","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-przewodnik"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Jak obliczy\u0107 R-kwadrat w Pythonie (z przyk\u0142adem) - Statologia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"W tym samouczku wyja\u015bniono, jak obliczy\u0107 R do kwadratu w Pythonie, podaj\u0105c pe\u0142ny przyk\u0142ad.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/r-do-kwadratu-w-pythonie\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pl_PL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Jak obliczy\u0107 R-kwadrat w Pythonie (z przyk\u0142adem) - Statologia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"W tym samouczku wyja\u015bniono, jak obliczy\u0107 R do kwadratu w Pythonie, podaj\u0105c pe\u0142ny przyk\u0142ad.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/r-do-kwadratu-w-pythonie\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Statorials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-07-19T20:13:11+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Benjamin Anderson\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Napisane przez\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Benjamin Anderson\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Szacowany czas czytania\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minuty\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/r-do-kwadratu-w-pythonie\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/r-do-kwadratu-w-pythonie\/\",\"name\":\"Jak obliczy\u0107 R-kwadrat w Pythonie (z przyk\u0142adem) - Statologia\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-07-19T20:13:11+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-19T20:13:11+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/#\/schema\/person\/6484727a4612df3e69f016c3129c6965\"},\"description\":\"W tym samouczku wyja\u015bniono, jak obliczy\u0107 R do kwadratu w Pythonie, podaj\u0105c pe\u0142ny przyk\u0142ad.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/r-do-kwadratu-w-pythonie\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/r-do-kwadratu-w-pythonie\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/r-do-kwadratu-w-pythonie\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Dom\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Jak obliczy\u0107 r-kwadrat w pythonie (z przyk\u0142adem)\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/\",\"name\":\"Statorials\",\"description\":\"Tw\u00f3j przewodnik po kompetencjach statystycznych!\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/#\/schema\/person\/6484727a4612df3e69f016c3129c6965\",\"name\":\"Benjamin Anderson\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Benjamin Anderson\"},\"description\":\"Cze\u015b\u0107, jestem Benjamin i jestem emerytowanym profesorem statystyki, kt\u00f3ry zosta\u0142 oddanym nauczycielem Statorials. 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