{"id":3480,"date":"2023-07-17T06:28:29","date_gmt":"2023-07-17T06:28:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/srednia-ruchoma-w-r\/"},"modified":"2023-07-17T06:28:29","modified_gmt":"2023-07-17T06:28:29","slug":"srednia-ruchoma-w-r","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/srednia-ruchoma-w-r\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak obliczy\u0107 \u015bredni\u0105 ruchom\u0105 w r (z przyk\u0142adem)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">W analizie szereg\u00f3w czasowych <strong>\u015brednia ruchoma<\/strong> reprezentuje \u015bredni\u0105 warto\u015b\u0107 z kilku poprzednich okres\u00f3w.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Naj\u0142atwiejszym sposobem obliczenia \u015bredniej krocz\u0105cej w R jest u\u017cycie funkcji <strong>rollmean()<\/strong> z pakietu <strong>zoo<\/strong> :<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\">library<\/span> (dplyr)<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\">library<\/span> (zoo)<\/span>\n\n#calculate 3-day rolling average<\/span>\ndf %&gt;%\n  mutate(rolling_avg = rollmean(values, k= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">3<\/span> , fill=NA, align=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">right<\/span> '))<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">W tym konkretnym przyk\u0142adzie obliczana jest <strong>3-<\/strong> dniowa \u015brednia ruchoma dla kolumny oznaczonej <strong>Warto\u015bci<\/strong> .<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Poni\u017cszy przyk\u0142ad pokazuje, jak w praktyce wykorzysta\u0107 t\u0119 funkcj\u0119.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Przyk\u0142ad: oblicz \u015bredni\u0105 ruchom\u0105 w R<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Za\u0142\u00f3\u017cmy, \u017ce mamy nast\u0119puj\u0105c\u0105 ramk\u0119 danych w R, kt\u00f3ra pokazuje sprzeda\u017c produktu przez 10 kolejnych dni:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create data frame<\/span>\ndf &lt;- data. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">frame<\/span> (day=c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10),\n                 sales=c(25, 20, 14, 16, 27, 20, 12, 15, 14, 19))\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#view data frame\n<\/span>df\n\n   day sales\n1 1 25\n2 2 20\n3 3 14\n4 4 16\n5 5 27\n6 6 20\n7 7 12\n8 8 15\n9 9 14\n10 10 19<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Mo\u017cemy u\u017cy\u0107 nast\u0119puj\u0105cej sk\u0142adni, aby utworzy\u0107 now\u0105 kolumn\u0119 o nazwie <strong>avg_sales3<\/strong> , kt\u00f3ra wy\u015bwietla \u015bredni\u0105 ruchom\u0105 warto\u015b\u0107 sprzeda\u017cy z ostatnich 3 dni w ka\u017cdym wierszu ramki danych:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #008000;\">library<\/span> (dplyr)\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\">library<\/span> (zoo)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#calculate 3-day rolling average of sales<\/span>\ndf %&gt;%\n  mutate(avg_sales3 = rollmean(sales, k= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">3<\/span> , fill=NA, align=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">right<\/span> '))\n\n   day sales avg_sales3\n1 1 25 NA\n2 2 20 NA\n3 3 14 19.66667\n4 4 16 16.66667\n5 5 27 19.00000\n6 6 20 21.00000\n7 7 12 19.66667\n8 8 15 15.66667\n9 9 14 13.66667\n10 10 19 16.00000\n<\/strong><\/span><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Uwaga<\/strong> : Warto\u015b\u0107 <strong>k<\/strong> w funkcji <strong>rollmean()<\/strong> kontroluje liczb\u0119 poprzednich okres\u00f3w u\u017cywanych do obliczenia \u015bredniej ruchomej.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Kolumna <strong>avg_sales3<\/strong> wy\u015bwietla \u015bredni\u0105 ruchom\u0105 warto\u015b\u0107 sprzeda\u017cy z poprzednich 3 okres\u00f3w.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Na przyk\u0142ad pierwsz\u0105 warto\u015b\u0107 <strong>19,66667<\/strong> oblicza si\u0119 w nast\u0119puj\u0105cy spos\u00f3b:<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">3-dniowa \u015brednia krocz\u0105ca = (25 + 20 + 14) \/ 3 = <strong>19,66667<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Mo\u017cna tak\u017ce obliczy\u0107 wiele \u015brednich krocz\u0105cych jednocze\u015bnie, korzystaj\u0105c z wielu funkcji <strong>rollmean()<\/strong> w ramach funkcji <strong>mutate()<\/strong> .<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Na przyk\u0142ad poni\u017cszy kod pokazuje, jak obliczy\u0107 3-dniow\u0105 i 4-dniow\u0105 \u015bredni\u0105 ruchom\u0105 sprzeda\u017cy:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #008000;\">library<\/span> (dplyr)\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\">library<\/span> (zoo)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#calculate 3-day and 4-day rolling average of sales<\/span>\ndf %&gt;%\n  mutate(avg_sales3 = rollmean(sales, k= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">3<\/span> , fill=NA, align=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">right<\/span> '),\n         avg_sales4 = rollmean(sales, k= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">4<\/span> , fill=NA, align=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">right<\/span> '))\n\n   day sales avg_sales3 avg_sales4\n1 1 25 NA NA\n2 2 20 NA NA\n3 3 14 19.66667 NA\n4 4 16 16.66667 18.75\n5 5 27 19.00000 19.25\n6 6 20 21.00000 19.25\n7 7 12 19.66667 18.75\n8 8 15 15.66667 18.50\n9 9 14 13.66667 15.25\n10 10 19 16.00000 15.00\n<\/strong><\/span><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Kolumny <strong>avg_sales3<\/strong> i <strong>avg_sales4<\/strong> wy\u015bwietlaj\u0105 odpowiednio 3-dniow\u0105 i 4-dniow\u0105 \u015bredni\u0105 ruchom\u0105 sprzeda\u017cy.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Dodatkowe zasoby<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Poni\u017csze samouczki wyja\u015bniaj\u0105, jak wykonywa\u0107 inne typowe zadania w j\u0119zyku R:<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/wykresl-wiele-kolumn-w-r\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Jak wykre\u015bli\u0107 wiele kolumn w R<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/srednia-w-kolumnach-w-r\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Jak u\u015brednia\u0107 kolumny w R<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/r-srednia-na-grupe\/\">Jak obliczy\u0107 \u015bredni\u0105 na grup\u0119 w R<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>W analizie szereg\u00f3w czasowych \u015brednia ruchoma reprezentuje \u015bredni\u0105 warto\u015b\u0107 z kilku poprzednich okres\u00f3w. Naj\u0142atwiejszym sposobem obliczenia \u015bredniej krocz\u0105cej w R jest u\u017cycie funkcji rollmean() z pakietu zoo : library (dplyr) library (zoo) #calculate 3-day rolling average df %&gt;% mutate(rolling_avg = rollmean(values, k= 3 , fill=NA, align=&#8217; right &#8217;)) W tym konkretnym przyk\u0142adzie obliczana jest 3- [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3480","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-przewodnik"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Jak obliczy\u0107 \u015bredni\u0105 ruchom\u0105 w R (z przyk\u0142adem) - Statologia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"W tym samouczku wyja\u015bniono, jak obliczy\u0107 \u015bredni\u0105 ruchom\u0105 w j\u0119zyku R, na przyk\u0142adzie.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/srednia-ruchoma-w-r\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pl_PL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Jak obliczy\u0107 \u015bredni\u0105 ruchom\u0105 w R (z przyk\u0142adem) - Statologia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"W tym samouczku wyja\u015bniono, jak obliczy\u0107 \u015bredni\u0105 ruchom\u0105 w j\u0119zyku R, na przyk\u0142adzie.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/srednia-ruchoma-w-r\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Statorials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-07-17T06:28:29+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Benjamin Anderson\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Napisane przez\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Benjamin Anderson\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Szacowany czas czytania\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minuty\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/srednia-ruchoma-w-r\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/srednia-ruchoma-w-r\/\",\"name\":\"Jak obliczy\u0107 \u015bredni\u0105 ruchom\u0105 w R (z przyk\u0142adem) - Statologia\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-07-17T06:28:29+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-17T06:28:29+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/#\/schema\/person\/6484727a4612df3e69f016c3129c6965\"},\"description\":\"W tym samouczku wyja\u015bniono, jak obliczy\u0107 \u015bredni\u0105 ruchom\u0105 w j\u0119zyku R, na przyk\u0142adzie.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/srednia-ruchoma-w-r\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/srednia-ruchoma-w-r\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/srednia-ruchoma-w-r\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Dom\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Jak obliczy\u0107 \u015bredni\u0105 ruchom\u0105 w r (z przyk\u0142adem)\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/\",\"name\":\"Statorials\",\"description\":\"Tw\u00f3j przewodnik po kompetencjach statystycznych!\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/#\/schema\/person\/6484727a4612df3e69f016c3129c6965\",\"name\":\"Benjamin Anderson\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Benjamin Anderson\"},\"description\":\"Cze\u015b\u0107, jestem Benjamin i jestem emerytowanym profesorem statystyki, kt\u00f3ry zosta\u0142 oddanym nauczycielem Statorials. 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