{"id":3687,"date":"2023-07-16T03:14:45","date_gmt":"2023-07-16T03:14:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/r-znajdz-najblizsza-wartosc\/"},"modified":"2023-07-16T03:14:45","modified_gmt":"2023-07-16T03:14:45","slug":"r-znajdz-najblizsza-wartosc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/r-znajdz-najblizsza-wartosc\/","title":{"rendered":"Odp.: jak znale\u017a\u0107 najbli\u017csz\u0105 warto\u015b\u0107 w wektorze"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Aby znale\u017a\u0107 najbli\u017csz\u0105 warto\u015b\u0107 pomi\u0119dzy elementami dw\u00f3ch wektor\u00f3w w R, mo\u017cesz u\u017cy\u0107 nast\u0119puj\u0105cej podstawowej sk\u0142adni:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#define cut points\n<\/span>cuts &lt;- c(-Inf, vector2[-1]-diff(vector2)\/2, Inf)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#for each value in vector1, find closest value in vector2\n<\/span>cut(vector1, breaks=cuts, labels=vector2)\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Poni\u017cszy przyk\u0142ad pokazuje, jak zastosowa\u0107 t\u0119 sk\u0142adni\u0119 w praktyce.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Przyk\u0142ad: znajdowanie najbli\u017cszej warto\u015bci w wektorze w R<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Za\u0142\u00f3\u017cmy, \u017ce w R mamy nast\u0119puj\u0105ce dwa wektory:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#definevectors\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">vector1 &lt;- c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)\nvector2 &lt;- c(3, 5, 8, 11)\n<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Za\u0142\u00f3\u017cmy teraz, \u017ce dla ka\u017cdej warto\u015bci pierwszego wektora chcemy znale\u017a\u0107 najbli\u017csz\u0105 warto\u015b\u0107 w drugim wektorze.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">W tym celu mo\u017cemy u\u017cy\u0107 nast\u0119puj\u0105cej sk\u0142adni:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#define cut points\n<\/span>cuts &lt;- c(-Inf, vector2[-1]-diff(vector2)\/2, Inf)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#for each value in vector1, find closest value in vector2\n<\/span>cut(vector1, breaks=cuts, labels=vector2)\n\n [1] 3 3 3 3 5 5 8 8 8 11\n<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Oto jak zinterpretowa\u0107 wynik:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Dla pierwszej warto\u015bci wektora 1 (1) najbli\u017csz\u0105 warto\u015bci\u0105 wektora 2 jest <strong>3<\/strong> .<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Dla drugiej warto\u015bci wektora 1 (2) najbli\u017csz\u0105 warto\u015bci\u0105 wektora 2 jest <strong>3<\/strong> .<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Dla trzeciej warto\u015bci wektora 1 (3) najbli\u017csz\u0105 warto\u015bci\u0105 wektora 2 jest <strong>3<\/strong> .<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Dla czwartej warto\u015bci wektora 1 (4) najbli\u017csz\u0105 warto\u015bci\u0105 wektora 2 jest <strong>3<\/strong> .<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Dla pi\u0105tej warto\u015bci wektora 1 (5) najbli\u017csz\u0105 warto\u015bci\u0105 wektora 2 jest <strong>5<\/strong> .<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">I tak dalej.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Uwaga<\/strong> : W tej metodzie zak\u0142ada si\u0119, \u017ce warto\u015bci drugiego wektora s\u0105 \u015bci\u015ble rosn\u0105ce. Je\u015bli jeszcze tego nie zrobi\u0142e\u015b, by\u0107 mo\u017ce b\u0119dziesz musia\u0142 najpierw posortowa\u0107 drugi wektor.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Dodatkowe zasoby<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Poni\u017csze samouczki wyja\u015bniaj\u0105, jak wykonywa\u0107 inne typowe zadania w j\u0119zyku R:<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/r-srednia-na-grupe\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jak obliczy\u0107 \u015bredni\u0105 na grup\u0119 w R<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/srednia-w-kolumnach-w-r\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jak u\u015brednia\u0107 kolumny w R<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/dodaj-okreslone-kolumny-w-r\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jak sumowa\u0107 okre\u015blone kolumny w R<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Aby znale\u017a\u0107 najbli\u017csz\u0105 warto\u015b\u0107 pomi\u0119dzy elementami dw\u00f3ch wektor\u00f3w w R, mo\u017cesz u\u017cy\u0107 nast\u0119puj\u0105cej podstawowej sk\u0142adni: #define cut points cuts &lt;- c(-Inf, vector2[-1]-diff(vector2)\/2, Inf) #for each value in vector1, find closest value in vector2 cut(vector1, breaks=cuts, labels=vector2) Poni\u017cszy przyk\u0142ad pokazuje, jak zastosowa\u0107 t\u0119 sk\u0142adni\u0119 w praktyce. Przyk\u0142ad: znajdowanie najbli\u017cszej warto\u015bci w wektorze w R Za\u0142\u00f3\u017cmy, \u017ce [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3687","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-przewodnik"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Odp.: Jak znale\u017a\u0107 najbli\u017csz\u0105 warto\u015b\u0107 w wektorze \u2013 Statologia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"W tym samouczku wyja\u015bniono, na przyk\u0142adzie, jak znale\u017a\u0107 najbli\u017csz\u0105 warto\u015b\u0107 w wektorze w j\u0119zyku R.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/r-znajdz-najblizsza-wartosc\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pl_PL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Odp.: Jak znale\u017a\u0107 najbli\u017csz\u0105 warto\u015b\u0107 w wektorze \u2013 Statologia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"W tym samouczku wyja\u015bniono, na przyk\u0142adzie, jak znale\u017a\u0107 najbli\u017csz\u0105 warto\u015b\u0107 w wektorze w j\u0119zyku R.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/r-znajdz-najblizsza-wartosc\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Statorials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-07-16T03:14:45+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Benjamin Anderson\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Napisane przez\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Benjamin Anderson\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Szacowany czas czytania\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 minuta\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/r-znajdz-najblizsza-wartosc\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/r-znajdz-najblizsza-wartosc\/\",\"name\":\"Odp.: Jak znale\u017a\u0107 najbli\u017csz\u0105 warto\u015b\u0107 w wektorze \u2013 Statologia\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-07-16T03:14:45+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-16T03:14:45+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/#\/schema\/person\/6484727a4612df3e69f016c3129c6965\"},\"description\":\"W tym samouczku wyja\u015bniono, na przyk\u0142adzie, jak znale\u017a\u0107 najbli\u017csz\u0105 warto\u015b\u0107 w wektorze w j\u0119zyku R.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/r-znajdz-najblizsza-wartosc\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/r-znajdz-najblizsza-wartosc\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/r-znajdz-najblizsza-wartosc\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Dom\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Odp.: jak znale\u017a\u0107 najbli\u017csz\u0105 warto\u015b\u0107 w wektorze\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/\",\"name\":\"Statorials\",\"description\":\"Tw\u00f3j przewodnik po kompetencjach statystycznych!\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/#\/schema\/person\/6484727a4612df3e69f016c3129c6965\",\"name\":\"Benjamin Anderson\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Benjamin Anderson\"},\"description\":\"Cze\u015b\u0107, jestem Benjamin i jestem emerytowanym profesorem statystyki, kt\u00f3ry zosta\u0142 oddanym nauczycielem Statorials. 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