{"id":455,"date":"2023-07-29T20:32:53","date_gmt":"2023-07-29T20:32:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/wykresl-rozklad-normalny-r\/"},"modified":"2023-07-29T20:32:53","modified_gmt":"2023-07-29T20:32:53","slug":"wykresl-rozklad-normalny-r","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/wykresl-rozklad-normalny-r\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak wykre\u015bli\u0107 rozk\u0142ad normalny w r"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Aby wykre\u015bli\u0107 <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/rozk\u0142ad-normalny\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rozk\u0142ad normalny<\/a> w R, mo\u017cemy u\u017cy\u0107 podstawowego R lub zainstalowa\u0107 bardziej wyrafinowany pakiet, taki jak ggplot2.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2> <strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Korzystanie z BaseR<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Oto trzy przyk\u0142ady tworzenia wykresu rozk\u0142adu normalnego przy u\u017cyciu podstawy R.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Przyk\u0142ad 1: rozk\u0142ad normalny ze \u015bredni\u0105 = 0 i odchyleniem standardowym = 1<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Aby utworzy\u0107 wykres rozk\u0142adu normalnego ze \u015bredni\u0105 = 0 i odchyleniem standardowym = 1, mo\u017cemy u\u017cy\u0107 nast\u0119puj\u0105cego kodu:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #e5e5e5; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#Create a sequence of 100 equally spaced numbers between -4 and 4<\/span>\nx &lt;- seq(-4, 4, length=100)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create a vector of values that shows the height of the probability distribution<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#for each value in x<\/span>\ny &lt;- dnorm(x)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#plot x and y as a scatterplot with connected lines (type = \"l\") and add<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#an x-axis with custom labels<\/span>\nplot(x,y, type = \"l\", lwd = 2, axes = FALSE, xlab = \"\", ylab = \"\")\naxis(1, at = -3:3, labels = c(\"-3s\", \"-2s\", \"-1s\", \"mean\", \"1s\", \"2s\", \"3s\"))<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Generuje to nast\u0119puj\u0105cy wykres:<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Przyk\u0142ad 2: Rozk\u0142ad normalny ze \u015bredni\u0105 = 0 i odchyleniem standardowym = 1 (mniej kodu)<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Mogliby\u015bmy r\u00f3wnie\u017c utworzy\u0107 wykres rozk\u0142adu normalnego bez definiowania <em>x<\/em> i <em>y<\/em> i po prostu u\u017cywaj\u0105c funkcji \u201ekrzywej\u201d, u\u017cywaj\u0105c nast\u0119puj\u0105cego kodu:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #e5e5e5; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong>curve(dnorm, -3.5, 3.5, lwd=2, axes = FALSE, xlab = \"\", ylab = \"\")\naxis(1, at = -3:3, labels = c(\"-3s\", \"-2s\", \"-1s\", \"mean\", \"1s\", \"2s\", \"3s\"))<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Generuje to dok\u0142adnie ten sam wykres:<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Przyk\u0142ad 3: Rozk\u0142ad normalny z niestandardow\u0105 \u015bredni\u0105 i odchyleniem standardowym<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Aby utworzy\u0107 wykres rozk\u0142adu normalnego ze zdefiniowan\u0105 przez u\u017cytkownika \u015bredni\u0105 i odchyleniem standardowym, mo\u017cemy u\u017cy\u0107 nast\u0119puj\u0105cego kodu:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #e5e5e5; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#define population mean and standard deviation<\/span>\npopulation_mean &lt;- 50\npopulation_sd &lt;- 5\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#define upper and lower bound\n<\/span>lower_bound &lt;- population_mean - population_sd\nupper_bound &lt;- population_mean + population_sd\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#Create a sequence of 1000 x values based on population mean and standard deviation<\/span>\nx &lt;- seq(-4, 4, length = 1000) * population_sd + population_mean\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create a vector of values that shows the height of the probability distribution\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#for each value in x<\/span>\ny &lt;- dnorm(x, population_mean, population_sd)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#plot normal distribution with customized x-axis labels\n<\/span>plot(x,y, type = \"l\", lwd = 2, axes = FALSE, xlab = \"\", ylab = \"\")\nsd_axis_bounds = 5\naxis_bounds &lt;- seq(-sd_axis_bounds * population_sd + population_mean,\n                    sd_axis_bounds * population_sd + population_mean,\n                    by = population_sd)\naxis(side = 1, at = axis_bounds, pos = 0)<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Generuje to nast\u0119puj\u0105cy wykres:<\/span><\/p>\n<h2> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>U\u017cywaj\u0105c ggplot2<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Innym sposobem utworzenia wykresu rozk\u0142adu normalnego w R jest u\u017cycie pakietu ggplot2. Oto dwa przyk\u0142ady tworzenia wykresu rozk\u0142adu normalnego przy u\u017cyciu ggplot2.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Przyk\u0142ad 1: rozk\u0142ad normalny ze \u015bredni\u0105 = 0 i odchyleniem standardowym = 1<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Aby utworzy\u0107 wykres rozk\u0142adu normalnego ze \u015bredni\u0105 = 0 i odchyleniem standardowym = 1, mo\u017cemy u\u017cy\u0107 nast\u0119puj\u0105cego kodu:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #e5e5e5; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#install (if not already installed) and load ggplot2<\/span>\nif(!(require(ggplot2))){install.packages('ggplot2')}\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#generate a normal distribution plot\n<\/span>ggplot(data.frame(x = c(-4, 4)), aes(x = x)) +\nstat_function(fun = dnorm)<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Generuje to nast\u0119puj\u0105cy wykres:<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Przyk\u0142ad 2: Rozk\u0142ad normalny przy u\u017cyciu zbioru danych \u201emtcars\u201d.<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Poni\u017cszy kod ilustruje spos\u00f3b tworzenia rozk\u0142adu normalnego dla kolumny <em>mil na galon<\/em> w zbiorze danych R osadzonym w <em>mtcars<\/em> :<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #e5e5e5; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong>ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg)) +\nstat_function(\nfun = dnorm,\nargs = with(mtcars, c(mean = mean(mpg), sd = sd(mpg)))\n) +\nscale_x_continuous(\"Miles per gallon\")<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Generuje to nast\u0119puj\u0105cy wykres:<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Aby wykre\u015bli\u0107 rozk\u0142ad normalny w R, mo\u017cemy u\u017cy\u0107 podstawowego R lub zainstalowa\u0107 bardziej wyrafinowany pakiet, taki jak ggplot2. Korzystanie z BaseR Oto trzy przyk\u0142ady tworzenia wykresu rozk\u0142adu normalnego przy u\u017cyciu podstawy R. Przyk\u0142ad 1: rozk\u0142ad normalny ze \u015bredni\u0105 = 0 i odchyleniem standardowym = 1 Aby utworzy\u0107 wykres rozk\u0142adu normalnego ze \u015bredni\u0105 = 0 i [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-455","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-przewodnik"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Jak wykre\u015bli\u0107 rozk\u0142ad normalny w R - Statology<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"W tym prostym samouczku wyja\u015bniono, jak wykre\u015bli\u0107 rozk\u0142ad normalny w j\u0119zyku R przy u\u017cyciu podstawowego R i ggplot2.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/wykresl-rozklad-normalny-r\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pl_PL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Jak wykre\u015bli\u0107 rozk\u0142ad normalny w R - Statology\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"W tym prostym samouczku wyja\u015bniono, jak wykre\u015bli\u0107 rozk\u0142ad normalny w j\u0119zyku R przy u\u017cyciu podstawowego R i ggplot2.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/wykresl-rozklad-normalny-r\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Statorials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-07-29T20:32:53+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Benjamin Anderson\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Napisane przez\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Benjamin Anderson\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Szacowany czas czytania\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minuty\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/wykresl-rozklad-normalny-r\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/wykresl-rozklad-normalny-r\/\",\"name\":\"Jak wykre\u015bli\u0107 rozk\u0142ad normalny w R - Statology\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-07-29T20:32:53+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-29T20:32:53+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/#\/schema\/person\/6484727a4612df3e69f016c3129c6965\"},\"description\":\"W tym prostym samouczku wyja\u015bniono, jak wykre\u015bli\u0107 rozk\u0142ad normalny w j\u0119zyku R przy u\u017cyciu podstawowego R i ggplot2.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/wykresl-rozklad-normalny-r\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/wykresl-rozklad-normalny-r\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/wykresl-rozklad-normalny-r\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Dom\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Jak wykre\u015bli\u0107 rozk\u0142ad normalny w r\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/\",\"name\":\"Statorials\",\"description\":\"Tw\u00f3j przewodnik po kompetencjach statystycznych!\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/#\/schema\/person\/6484727a4612df3e69f016c3129c6965\",\"name\":\"Benjamin Anderson\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Benjamin Anderson\"},\"description\":\"Cze\u015b\u0107, jestem Benjamin i jestem emerytowanym profesorem statystyki, kt\u00f3ry zosta\u0142 oddanym nauczycielem Statorials. 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