{"id":472,"date":"2023-07-29T19:13:06","date_gmt":"2023-07-29T19:13:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/podbij-wykres-w-r-za-pomoca-ggplot2\/"},"modified":"2023-07-29T19:13:06","modified_gmt":"2023-07-29T19:13:06","slug":"podbij-wykres-w-r-za-pomoca-ggplot2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/podbij-wykres-w-r-za-pomoca-ggplot2\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak \u0142atwo utworzy\u0107 wykres reliefowy w r za pomoc\u0105 ggplot2"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

\n

Wykres uderzeniowy<\/strong> to rodzaj wykresu, kt\u00f3ry pokazuje ranking r\u00f3\u017cnych grup w czasie zamiast warto\u015bci bezwzgl\u0119dnych, aby podkre\u015bli\u0107 kolejno\u015b\u0107 grup, a nie wielko\u015b\u0107 zmian.<\/span><\/p>\n

W tym samouczku wyja\u015bniono, jak \u0142atwo utworzy\u0107 wykres wypuk\u0142o\u015bci w j\u0119zyku R za pomoc\u0105 ggplot2.<\/span><\/p>\n

Przyk\u0142ad: tworzenie grafiki reliefowej<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

Aby utworzy\u0107 wykres uderze\u0144 w R, musimy najpierw za\u0142adowa\u0107 dwa pakiety: dplyr<\/strong> i ggplot2<\/strong> :<\/span><\/p>\n

 library(ggplot2) #for creating bump chart<\/span>\nlibrary(dplyr) #for manipulating data<\/span><\/strong><\/pre>\n
 Nast\u0119pnie utworzymy dane do pracy:<\/span><\/p>\n
 #set the seed to make this example reproducible<\/span>\nset.seed(10)\n\ndata <- data.frame(team = rep(LETTERS[1:5], each = 10),\n                   random_num = runif(50),\n                   day = rep(1:10, 5))\n\ndata <- data %>%\n  group_by(day) %>%\n  arrange(day, desc(random_num), team) %>% \n  mutate(rank = row_number()) %>%\n  A group()\n\nhead(data)\n\n# team random_num day rank          \n#1 C 0.865 1 1\n#2 B 0.652 1 2\n#3 D 0.536 1 3\n#4 A 0.507 1 4\n#5 E 0.275 1 5\n#6 C 0.615 2 1<\/strong><\/pre>\n
 Ta baza danych pokazuje po prostu \u201erankingi\u201d pi\u0119ciu r\u00f3\u017cnych dru\u017cyn w okresie 10 dni.<\/span><\/p>\n
 Mo\u017cemy u\u017cy\u0107 ggplot2 do stworzenia wykresu post\u0119pu w celu wizualizacji rankingu ka\u017cdej dru\u017cyny ka\u017cdego dnia w tym okresie:<\/span><\/p>\n
 ggplot(data, aes(x = day, y = rank, group = team)) +\n  geom_line(aes(color = team, alpha = 1), size = 2) +\n  geom_point(aes(color = team, alpha = 1), size = 4) +\n  scale_y_reverse(breaks = 1:nrow(data))<\/strong><\/pre>\n
 Ten wykres uderzeniowy wy\u015bwietla dane w \u017c\u0105danym formacie, ale jest do\u015b\u0107 brzydki. Dzi\u0119ki kilku zmianom estetycznym mo\u017cemy uczyni\u0107 ten obraz znacznie lepszym.<\/span><\/p>\n
 Stylizuj grafik\u0119 wypuk\u0142o\u015bci<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n
 Aby poprawi\u0107 wygl\u0105d wykresu, mo\u017cemy skorzysta\u0107 z motywu stworzonego przez Dominika Kocha<\/a> :<\/span><\/p>\n
 my_theme <- function() {\n\n  # Colors\n  color.background = \"white\"\n  color.text = \"#22211d\"\n\n  # Begin construction of chart\n  theme_bw(base_size=15) +\n\n    # Format background colors\n    theme(panel.background = element_rect(fill=color.background,\n                                          color=color.background)) +\n    theme(plot.background = element_rect(fill=color.background,\n                                          color=color.background)) +\n    theme(panel.border = element_rect(color=color.background)) +\n    theme(strip.background = element_rect(fill=color.background,\n                                          color=color.background)) +\n\n    # Format the grid\n    theme(panel.grid.major.y = element_blank()) +\n    theme(panel.grid.minor.y = element_blank()) +\n    theme(axis.ticks = element_blank()) +\n\n    # Format the legend\n    theme(legend.position = \"none\") +\n\n    # Format title and axis labels\n    theme(plot.title = element_text(color=color.text, size=20, face = \"bold\")) +\n    theme(axis.title.x = element_text(size=14, color=\"black\", face = \"bold\")) +\n    theme(axis.title.y = element_text(size=14, color=\"black\", face = \"bold\",\n                                          vjust=1.25)) +\n    theme(axis.text.x = element_text(size=10, vjust=0.5, hjust=0.5,\n                                          color = color.text)) +\n    theme(axis.text.y = element_text(size=10, color = color.text)) +\n    theme(strip.text = element_text(face = \"bold\")) +\n\n    # Plot margins\n    theme(plot.margin = unit(c(0.35, 0.2, 0.3, 0.35), \"cm\"))\n}<\/strong><\/pre>\n
 Ponownie utworzymy wykres uderzeniowy, ale tym razem usuniemy legend\u0119, dodamy kilka etykiet wykresu i u\u017cyjemy motywu zdefiniowanego w powy\u017cszym kodzie:<\/span><\/p>\n
 ggplot(data, aes(x = as.factor(day), y = rank, group = team)) +\n  geom_line(aes(color = team, alpha = 1), size = 2) +\n  geom_point(aes(color = team, alpha = 1), size = 4) +\n  geom_point(color = \"#FFFFFF\", size = 1) +\n  scale_y_reverse(breaks = 1:nrow(data)) + \n  scale_x_discrete(breaks = 1:10) +\n  theme(legend.position = 'none') +\n  geom_text(data = data %>% filter(day == \"1\"),\n            aes(label = team, x = 0.5), hjust = .5,\n            fontface = \"bold\", color = \"#888888\", size = 4) +\n  geom_text(data = data %>% filter(day == \"10\"),\n            aes(label = team, x = 10.5), hjust = 0.5,\n            fontface = \"bold\", color = \"#888888\", size = 4) +\n  labs(x = 'Day', y = 'Rank', title = 'Team Ranking by Day') +\n  my_theme()<\/strong><\/pre>\n
 Mo\u017cemy r\u00f3wnie\u017c \u0142atwo pod\u015bwietli\u0107 jeden z wierszy, dodaj\u0105c argument Scale_color_manual()<\/strong> . Na przyk\u0142ad w poni\u017cszym kodzie zaznaczamy lini\u0119 Dru\u017cyny A fioletow\u0105, a wszystkie pozosta\u0142e linie szar\u0105:<\/span><\/p>\n
 ggplot(data, aes(x = as.factor(day), y = rank, group = team)) +\n  geom_line(aes(color = team, alpha = 1), size = 2) +\n  geom_point(aes(color = team, alpha = 1), size = 4) +\n  geom_point(color = \"#FFFFFF\", size = 1) +\n  scale_y_reverse(breaks = 1:nrow(data)) + \n  scale_x_discrete(breaks = 1:10) +\n  theme(legend.position = 'none') +\n  geom_text(data = data %>% filter(day == \"1\"),\n            aes(label = team, x = 0.5), hjust = .5,\n            fontface = \"bold\", color = \"#888888\", size = 4) +\n  geom_text(data = data %>% filter(day == \"10\"),\n            aes(label = team, x = 10.5), hjust = 0.5,\n            fontface = \"bold\", color = \"#888888\", size = 4) +\n  labs(x = 'Day', y = 'Rank', title = 'Team Ranking by Day') +\n  my_theme() +\n  scale_color_manual(values = c('purple', 'grey', 'grey', 'grey', 'grey'))<\/span><\/strong><\/pre>\n
 Gdyby\u015bmy chcieli, mogliby\u015bmy r\u00f3wnie\u017c wyr\u00f3\u017cni\u0107 wiele linii:<\/span><\/p>\n
 ggplot(data, aes(x = as.factor(day), y = rank, group = team)) +\n  geom_line(aes(color = team, alpha = 1), size = 2) +\n  geom_point(aes(color = team, alpha = 1), size = 4) +\n  geom_point(color = \"#FFFFFF\", size = 1) +\n  scale_y_reverse(breaks = 1:nrow(data)) + \n  scale_x_discrete(breaks = 1:10) +\n  theme(legend.position = 'none') +\n  geom_text(data = data %>% filter(day == \"1\"),\n            aes(label = team, x = 0.5), hjust = .5,\n            fontface = \"bold\", color = \"#888888\", size = 4) +\n  geom_text(data = data %>% filter(day == \"10\"),\n            aes(label = team, x = 10.5), hjust = 0.5,\n            fontface = \"bold\", color = \"#888888\", size = 4) +\n  labs(x = 'Day', y = 'Rank', title = 'Team Ranking by Day') +\n  my_theme() +\n  scale_color_manual(values = c('purple', 'steelblue', 'grey', 'grey', 'grey'))<\/span><\/strong><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Wykres uderzeniowy to rodzaj wykresu, kt\u00f3ry pokazuje ranking r\u00f3\u017cnych grup w czasie zamiast warto\u015bci bezwzgl\u0119dnych, aby podkre\u015bli\u0107 kolejno\u015b\u0107 grup, a nie wielko\u015b\u0107 zmian. W tym samouczku wyja\u015bniono, jak \u0142atwo utworzy\u0107 wykres wypuk\u0142o\u015bci w j\u0119zyku R za pomoc\u0105 ggplot2. Przyk\u0142ad: tworzenie grafiki reliefowej Aby utworzy\u0107 wykres uderze\u0144 w R, musimy najpierw za\u0142adowa\u0107 dwa pakiety: dplyr i […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-472","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-przewodnik"],"yoast_head":"\nJak \u0142atwo utworzy\u0107 wykres uderzeniowy w R za pomoc\u0105 ggplot2 - Statorials<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"W tym samouczku wyja\u015bniono, jak \u0142atwo utworzy\u0107 wykres wypuk\u0142o\u015bci w j\u0119zyku R za pomoc\u0105 ggplot2.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/podbij-wykres-w-r-za-pomoca-ggplot2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pl_PL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Jak \u0142atwo utworzy\u0107 wykres uderzeniowy w R za pomoc\u0105 ggplot2 - Statorials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"W tym samouczku wyja\u015bniono, jak \u0142atwo utworzy\u0107 wykres wypuk\u0142o\u015bci w j\u0119zyku R za pomoc\u0105 ggplot2.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/podbij-wykres-w-r-za-pomoca-ggplot2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Statorials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-07-29T19:13:06+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Benjamin Anderson\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Napisane przez\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Benjamin Anderson\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Szacowany czas czytania\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minuty\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/podbij-wykres-w-r-za-pomoca-ggplot2\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/podbij-wykres-w-r-za-pomoca-ggplot2\/\",\"name\":\"Jak \u0142atwo utworzy\u0107 wykres uderzeniowy w R za pomoc\u0105 ggplot2 - Statorials\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-07-29T19:13:06+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-29T19:13:06+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/#\/schema\/person\/6484727a4612df3e69f016c3129c6965\"},\"description\":\"W tym samouczku wyja\u015bniono, jak \u0142atwo utworzy\u0107 wykres wypuk\u0142o\u015bci w j\u0119zyku R za pomoc\u0105 ggplot2.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/podbij-wykres-w-r-za-pomoca-ggplot2\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/podbij-wykres-w-r-za-pomoca-ggplot2\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/podbij-wykres-w-r-za-pomoca-ggplot2\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Dom\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Jak \u0142atwo utworzy\u0107 wykres reliefowy w r za pomoc\u0105 ggplot2\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/\",\"name\":\"Statorials\",\"description\":\"Tw\u00f3j przewodnik po kompetencjach statystycznych!\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/#\/schema\/person\/6484727a4612df3e69f016c3129c6965\",\"name\":\"Benjamin Anderson\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Benjamin Anderson\"},\"description\":\"Cze\u015b\u0107, jestem Benjamin i jestem emerytowanym profesorem statystyki, kt\u00f3ry zosta\u0142 oddanym nauczycielem Statorials. 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