{"id":666,"date":"2023-07-29T03:56:06","date_gmt":"2023-07-29T03:56:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/dzialka-t-rozklad-r\/"},"modified":"2023-07-29T03:56:06","modified_gmt":"2023-07-29T03:56:06","slug":"dzialka-t-rozklad-r","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pl\/dzialka-t-rozklad-r\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak wykre\u015bli\u0107 rozk\u0142ad t w r"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Aby wykre\u015bli\u0107 funkcj\u0119 g\u0119sto\u015bci prawdopodobie\u0144stwa dla rozk\u0142adu at w R, mo\u017cemy skorzysta\u0107 z nast\u0119puj\u0105cych funkcji:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>dt(x, df)<\/strong> , aby utworzy\u0107 funkcj\u0119 g\u0119sto\u015bci prawdopodobie\u0144stwa<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>krzywa(funkcja, od = NULL, do = NULL),<\/strong> aby wykre\u015bli\u0107 funkcj\u0119 g\u0119sto\u015bci prawdopodobie\u0144stwa<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Aby wykre\u015bli\u0107 funkcj\u0119 g\u0119sto\u015bci prawdopodobie\u0144stwa, musimy okre\u015bli\u0107 <strong>df<\/strong> (stopnie swobody) w funkcji <strong>dt()<\/strong> oraz warto\u015bci <strong>od<\/strong> i <strong>do<\/strong> w funkcji <strong>curve()<\/strong> .<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Na przyk\u0142ad poni\u017cszy kod ilustruje spos\u00f3b wykre\u015blenia funkcji g\u0119sto\u015bci prawdopodobie\u0144stwa dla rozk\u0142adu o 10 stopniach swobody, gdzie o\u015b x wykresu mie\u015bci si\u0119 w przedziale od -4 do 4:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #e5e5e5; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong>curve(dt(x, df=10), from=-4, to=4)\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-6424 \" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/tdistr1.png\" alt=\"Wykre\u015blanie rozk\u0142adu t w R\" width=\"421\" height=\"388\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Podobnie do <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rozk\u0142adu normalnego<\/a> , rozk\u0142ad t jest symetryczny wok\u00f3\u0142 \u015bredniej wynosz\u0105cej 0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Mo\u017cemy doda\u0107 tytu\u0142, zmieni\u0107 etykiet\u0119 osi Y, zwi\u0119kszy\u0107 szeroko\u015b\u0107 wiersza, a nawet zmieni\u0107 kolor wiersza, aby wykres by\u0142 bardziej estetyczny:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #e5e5e5; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong>curve(dt(x, df=10), from=-4, to=4, \n    main = 't Distribution (df = 10)', <span style=\"color: #008080;\">#add title<\/span>\n    ylab = 'Density', <span style=\"color: #008080;\">#change y-axis label<\/span>\n    lwd = 2, <span style=\"color: #008080;\">#increase line width to 2<\/span>\n    col = 'steelblue') <span style=\"color: #008080;\">#change line color to steelblue<\/span> \n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-6430 \" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/tdistr4.png\" alt=\"t Schemat rozk\u0142adu w R\" width=\"421\" height=\"405\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Mo\u017cemy tak\u017ce doda\u0107 do wykresu wiele krzywych, aby por\u00f3wna\u0107 rozk\u0142ady t o r\u00f3\u017cnych stopniach swobody. Na przyk\u0142ad poni\u017cszy kod tworzy t wykres\u00f3w rozk\u0142adu z df = 6, df = 10 i df = 30:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #e5e5e5; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong>curve(dt(x, df=6), from=-4, to=4, col='blue') \ncurve(dt(x, df=10), from=-4, to=4, col='red', add=TRUE)\ncurve(dt(x, df=30), from=-4, to=4, col='green', add=TRUE)\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-6425 \" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/tdistr2.png\" alt=\"Wiele t dzia\u0142ek dystrybucyjnych w R\" width=\"421\" height=\"408\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Legend\u0119 do wykresu mo\u017cemy doda\u0107 za pomoc\u0105 funkcji <strong>legend()<\/strong> , kt\u00f3ra przyjmuje nast\u0119puj\u0105c\u0105 sk\u0142adni\u0119:<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>legenda(x, y=NULL, legenda, wype\u0142nienie, col, bg, lty, cex)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Z\u0142oto:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>x, y:<\/strong> wsp\u00f3\u0142rz\u0119dne x i y u\u017cyte do umiejscowienia legendy<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>legenda:<\/strong> tekst, kt\u00f3ry nale\u017cy umie\u015bci\u0107 w legendzie<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>fill:<\/strong> kolor wype\u0142nienia legendy<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>col:<\/strong> lista kolor\u00f3w linii wewn\u0105trz legendy<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>bg:<\/strong> kolor t\u0142a legendy<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>lty:<\/strong> styl linii<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>cex:<\/strong> rozmiar tekstu w legendzie<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">W naszym przyk\u0142adzie u\u017cyjemy nast\u0119puj\u0105cej sk\u0142adni do utworzenia legendy:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #e5e5e5; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create density plots<\/span>\ncurve(dt(x, df=6), from=-4, to=4, col='blue') \ncurve(dt(x, df=10), from=-4, to=4, col='red', add=TRUE)\ncurve(dt(x, df=30), from=-4, to=4, col='green', add=TRUE)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#add legend<\/span>\nlegend(-4, .3, legend=c(\"df=6\", \"df=10\", \"df=30\"),\n       col=c(\"blue\", \"red\", \"green\"), lty=1, cex=1.2)<\/strong> <\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-6427 \" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/tdistr3.png\" alt=\"Wiele wykres\u00f3w rozk\u0142adu t z legend\u0105 w R\" width=\"416\" height=\"398\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Aby wykre\u015bli\u0107 funkcj\u0119 g\u0119sto\u015bci prawdopodobie\u0144stwa dla rozk\u0142adu at w R, mo\u017cemy skorzysta\u0107 z nast\u0119puj\u0105cych funkcji: dt(x, df) , aby utworzy\u0107 funkcj\u0119 g\u0119sto\u015bci prawdopodobie\u0144stwa krzywa(funkcja, od = NULL, do = NULL), aby wykre\u015bli\u0107 funkcj\u0119 g\u0119sto\u015bci prawdopodobie\u0144stwa Aby wykre\u015bli\u0107 funkcj\u0119 g\u0119sto\u015bci prawdopodobie\u0144stwa, musimy okre\u015bli\u0107 df (stopnie swobody) w funkcji dt() oraz warto\u015bci od i do w funkcji [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-666","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-przewodnik"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.5 - 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