{"id":1089,"date":"2023-07-27T17:06:34","date_gmt":"2023-07-27T17:06:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/titulo-ggplot2\/"},"modified":"2023-07-27T17:06:34","modified_gmt":"2023-07-27T17:06:34","slug":"titulo-ggplot2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/titulo-ggplot2\/","title":{"rendered":"O guia completo para t\u00edtulos ggplot2"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">A biblioteca de visualiza\u00e7\u00e3o de dados <a href=\"https:\/\/ggplot2.tidyverse.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ggplot2<\/a> facilita a cria\u00e7\u00e3o de belos gr\u00e1ficos em R do zero.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">No entanto, ggplot2 n\u00e3o fornece t\u00edtulos para gr\u00e1ficos, a menos que voc\u00ea especifique um. Este tutorial explica exatamente como adicionar e editar t\u00edtulos em gr\u00e1ficos ggplot2.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Como adicionar um t\u00edtulo ggplot2<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">O c\u00f3digo a seguir mostra como usar ggplot2 para criar um <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/boxplot-agrupado-r-ggplot2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">boxplot agrupado<\/a> usando o conjunto de dados <strong>de \u00edris<\/strong> integrado:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #993300;\">library<\/span> (ggplot2)\n\nggplot(iris, <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">aes<\/span> (x= <span style=\"color: #800080;\">Species<\/span> , y= <span style=\"color: #800080;\">Sepal.Length<\/span> )) +\n  geom_boxplot()\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11141 \" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/ggplot2titre1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"409\" height=\"402\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Para adicionar um t\u00edtulo ao gr\u00e1fico, podemos usar a fun\u00e7\u00e3o <strong>ggtitle()<\/strong> :<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong>ggplot(iris, <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">aes<\/span> (x= <span style=\"color: #800080;\">Species<\/span> , y= <span style=\"color: #800080;\">Sepal.Length<\/span> )) +\n  geom_boxplot() +\n  ggtitle(' <span style=\"color: #008000;\">Sepal Length by Species<\/span> ')<\/strong> <\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11142 \" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/ggplot2titre2.png\" alt=\"t\u00edtulo ggplot2\" width=\"417\" height=\"415\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<p> <em><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Nota:<\/strong> Voc\u00ea tamb\u00e9m pode usar <strong>labs(title=&#8217;Sepal length by Species&#8217;)<\/strong> para criar exatamente o mesmo t\u00edtulo.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Como centralizar um t\u00edtulo ggplot2<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Por padr\u00e3o, os t\u00edtulos do ggplot2 s\u00e3o alinhados \u00e0 esquerda. O criador do ggplot2, Hadley Wickham, observa que isso ocorre porque <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/tidyverse\/ggplot2\/releases\/tag\/v2.2.0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">um t\u00edtulo alinhado \u00e0 esquerda funciona melhor com legendas<\/a> .<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Se quiser centralizar um t\u00edtulo ggplot2, voc\u00ea pode usar este trecho de c\u00f3digo:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong>theme(plot.title = <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">element_text<\/span> (hjust = <span style=\"color: #800080;\">0.5<\/span> ))\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Aqui est\u00e1 o que parece na pr\u00e1tica:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong>ggplot(iris, <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">aes<\/span> (x= <span style=\"color: #800080;\">Species<\/span> , y= <span style=\"color: #800080;\">Sepal.Length<\/span> )) +\n  geom_boxplot() +\n  ggtitle(' <span style=\"color: #008000;\">Sepal Length by Species<\/span> ') +\n  theme(plot.title = <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">element_text<\/span> (hjust = <span style=\"color: #800080;\">0.5<\/span> ))<\/strong> <\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11143 \" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/ggplot2titre3.png\" alt=\"Centro do t\u00edtulo ggplot2\" width=\"425\" height=\"420\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Como alterar a fonte de um t\u00edtulo ggplot2<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Voc\u00ea pode alterar muitos aspectos do t\u00edtulo da fonte, incluindo:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>fam\u00edlia<\/strong> : fam\u00edlia de fontes<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>face<\/strong> : face da fonte. As op\u00e7\u00f5es incluem \u201cit\u00e1lico\u201d, \u201cnegrito\u201d e \u201cnegrito.it\u00e1lico\u201d.<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>cor<\/strong> : cor da fonte<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>tamanho<\/strong> : tamanho da fonte em pts<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>hjust<\/strong> : justifica\u00e7\u00e3o horizontal entre 0 e 1<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>vjust<\/strong> : justifica\u00e7\u00e3o vertical entre 0 e 1<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>lineheight<\/strong> : altura da linha, ou seja, o espa\u00e7amento entre linhas para t\u00edtulos multilinhas<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Aqui est\u00e1 um exemplo de como modificar alguns desses aspectos:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong>ggplot(iris, <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">aes<\/span> (x= <span style=\"color: #800080;\">Species<\/span> , y= <span style=\"color: #800080;\">Sepal.Length<\/span> )) +\n  geom_boxplot() +\n  ggtitle(' <span style=\"color: #008000;\">Sepal Length by Species<\/span> ') +\n  theme(plot.title = <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">element_text<\/span> (hjust= <span style=\"color: #800080;\">0.5<\/span> , color=\" <span style=\"color: #008000;\">blue<\/span> \", size= <span style=\"color: #800080;\">20<\/span> , face=\" <span style=\"color: #008000;\">bold<\/span> \"))<\/strong> <\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11144 \" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/ggplot2titre4.png\" alt=\"Alterar o t\u00edtulo da fonte ggplot2\" width=\"434\" height=\"423\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Como criar um t\u00edtulo ggplot2 multilinha<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Se voc\u00ea tiver um t\u00edtulo incomumente longo, basta adicionar <strong>\\n<\/strong> onde deseja que a nova linha comece. Por exemplo:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong>ggplot(iris, <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">aes<\/span> (x= <span style=\"color: #800080;\">Species<\/span> , y= <span style=\"color: #800080;\">Sepal.Length<\/span> )) +\n  geom_boxplot() +\n  ggtitle(' <span style=\"color: #008000;\">Sepal Length by Species\\nSample size (n = 150)<\/span> ')<\/strong> <\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11145 \" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/ggplot2titre5.png\" alt=\"T\u00edtulo multilinha em ggplot2\" width=\"443\" height=\"434\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Recursos adicionais<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/melhores-temas-ggplot2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Um guia completo para os melhores temas ggplot2<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/graficos-lado-a-lado-ggplot2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Como criar gr\u00e1ficos lado a lado no ggplot2<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/definir-limites-do-eixo-ggplot2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Como definir limites de eixo no ggplot2<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A biblioteca de visualiza\u00e7\u00e3o de dados ggplot2 facilita a cria\u00e7\u00e3o de belos gr\u00e1ficos em R do zero. No entanto, ggplot2 n\u00e3o fornece t\u00edtulos para gr\u00e1ficos, a menos que voc\u00ea especifique um. Este tutorial explica exatamente como adicionar e editar t\u00edtulos em gr\u00e1ficos ggplot2. Como adicionar um t\u00edtulo ggplot2 O c\u00f3digo a seguir mostra como usar [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1089","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-guia"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>O guia completo para t\u00edtulos ggplot2 - Estatologia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Um guia completo com tudo o que voc\u00ea precisa saber sobre t\u00edtulos ggplot2, incluindo como cri\u00e1-los e edit\u00e1-los.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/titulo-ggplot2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"O guia completo para t\u00edtulos ggplot2 - Estatologia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Um guia completo com tudo o que voc\u00ea precisa saber sobre t\u00edtulos ggplot2, incluindo como cri\u00e1-los e edit\u00e1-los.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/titulo-ggplot2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Statorials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-07-27T17:06:34+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/ggplot2titre1.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Dr. benjamim anderson\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Dr. benjamim anderson\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tempo estimado de leitura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/titulo-ggplot2\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/titulo-ggplot2\/\",\"name\":\"O guia completo para t\u00edtulos ggplot2 - Estatologia\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-07-27T17:06:34+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-27T17:06:34+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/e08f98e8db95e0aa9c310e1b27c9c666\"},\"description\":\"Um guia completo com tudo o que voc\u00ea precisa saber sobre t\u00edtulos ggplot2, incluindo como cri\u00e1-los e edit\u00e1-los.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/titulo-ggplot2\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/titulo-ggplot2\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/titulo-ggplot2\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Lar\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"O guia completo para t\u00edtulos ggplot2\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/\",\"name\":\"Statorials\",\"description\":\"O seu guia para a literacia estat\u00edstica!\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/e08f98e8db95e0aa9c310e1b27c9c666\",\"name\":\"Dr. benjamim anderson\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dr.-Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dr.-Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Dr. benjamim anderson\"},\"description\":\"Ol\u00e1, sou Benjamin, um professor aposentado de estat\u00edstica que se tornou professor dedicado na Statorials. 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