{"id":1114,"date":"2023-07-27T15:00:08","date_gmt":"2023-07-27T15:00:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/similaridade-de-cosseno-python\/"},"modified":"2023-07-27T15:00:08","modified_gmt":"2023-07-27T15:00:08","slug":"similaridade-de-cosseno-python","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/similaridade-de-cosseno-python\/","title":{"rendered":"Como calcular a similaridade de cossenos em python"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>A similaridade de cossenos<\/strong> \u00e9 uma medida da similaridade entre dois vetores de um espa\u00e7o de produto interno.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Para dois vetores, A e B, a similaridade de cosseno \u00e9 calculada da seguinte forma:<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Similaridade de cosseno<\/strong> = \u03a3A <sub>i<\/sub> B <sub>i<\/sub> \/ (\u221a\u03a3A <sub>i<\/sub> <sup>2<\/sup> \u221a\u03a3B <sub>i<\/sub> <sup>2<\/sup> )<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Este tutorial explica como calcular a similaridade de cosseno entre vetores em Python usando fun\u00e7\u00f5es da biblioteca <a href=\"https:\/\/numpy.org\/doc\/stable\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NumPy<\/a> .<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Semelhan\u00e7a de cosseno entre dois vetores em Python<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">O c\u00f3digo a seguir mostra como calcular a similaridade de cosseno entre duas matrizes em Python:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008000;\">from<\/span> numpy <span style=\"color: #008000;\">import<\/span> dot\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\">from<\/span> numpy. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">linalg<\/span> <span style=\"color: #008000;\">import<\/span> norm\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#define arrays\n<\/span>a = [23, 34, 44, 45, 42, 27, 33, 34]\nb = [17, 18, 22, 26, 26, 29, 31, 30]\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#calculate Cosine Similarity\n<\/span>cos_sim = <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">dot<\/span> (a, b)\/( <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">norm<\/span> (a)* <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">norm<\/span> (b))\n\ncos_sim\n\n0.965195008357566\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">A semelhan\u00e7a de cosseno entre as duas tabelas \u00e9 <strong>0,965195<\/strong> .<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Observe que este m\u00e9todo funcionar\u00e1 em dois arrays de qualquer comprimento:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008000;\">import <span style=\"color: #000000;\">numpy<\/span> as <span style=\"color: #000000;\">np<\/span>\nfrom<\/span> numpy <span style=\"color: #008000;\">import<\/span> dot\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\">from<\/span> numpy. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">linalg<\/span> <span style=\"color: #008000;\">import<\/span> norm\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#define arrays\n<\/span>a = np.random.randint(10, size= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">100<\/span> )\nb = np.random.randint(10, size= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">100<\/span> )\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#calculate Cosine Similarity\n<\/span>cos_sim = <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">dot<\/span> (a, b)\/( <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">norm<\/span> (a)* <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">norm<\/span> (b))\n\ncos_sim\n\n0.7340201613960431<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">No entanto, isso s\u00f3 funciona se as duas matrizes tiverem o mesmo comprimento:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008000;\">import <span style=\"color: #000000;\">numpy<\/span> as <span style=\"color: #000000;\">np<\/span>\nfrom<\/span> numpy <span style=\"color: #008000;\">import<\/span> dot\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\">from<\/span> numpy. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">linalg<\/span> <span style=\"color: #008000;\">import<\/span> norm\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#define arrays\n<\/span>a = np.random.randint(10, size= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">90<\/span> ) <span style=\"color: #008080;\">#length=90<\/span>\nb = np.random.randint(10, size= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">100<\/span> ) <span style=\"color: #008080;\">#length=100<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#calculate Cosine Similarity\n<\/span>cos_sim = <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">dot<\/span> (a, b)\/( <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">norm<\/span> (a)* <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">norm<\/span> (b))\n\ncos_sim\n\n<span style=\"color: #993300;\">ValueError<\/span> : shapes (90,) and (100,) not aligned: 90 (dim 0) != 100 (dim 0)\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Coment\u00e1rios<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>1.<\/strong> Existem v\u00e1rias maneiras de calcular a similaridade de cosseno usando Python, mas como <a href=\"https:\/\/stackoverflow.com\/questions\/18424228\/cosine-similarity-between-2-number-lists\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">este t\u00f3pico do Stack Overflow<\/a> explica, o m\u00e9todo explicado neste artigo acaba sendo o mais r\u00e1pido.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>2.<\/strong> Consulte<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cosine_similarity\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">esta p\u00e1gina da Wikipedia<\/a> para saber mais sobre similaridade de cossenos.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A similaridade de cossenos \u00e9 uma medida da similaridade entre dois vetores de um espa\u00e7o de produto interno. Para dois vetores, A e B, a similaridade de cosseno \u00e9 calculada da seguinte forma: Similaridade de cosseno = \u03a3A i B i \/ (\u221a\u03a3A i 2 \u221a\u03a3B i 2 ) Este tutorial explica como calcular a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1114","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-guia"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Como calcular a similaridade de cossenos em Python - Estatologia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Este tutorial explica como calcular o cosseno da mesma forma em Python, com um exemplo.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/similaridade-de-cosseno-python\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Como calcular a similaridade de cossenos em Python - Estatologia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Este tutorial explica como calcular o cosseno da mesma forma em Python, com um exemplo.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/similaridade-de-cosseno-python\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Statorials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-07-27T15:00:08+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Dr. benjamim anderson\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Dr. benjamim anderson\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tempo estimado de leitura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 minuto\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/similaridade-de-cosseno-python\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/similaridade-de-cosseno-python\/\",\"name\":\"Como calcular a similaridade de cossenos em Python - Estatologia\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-07-27T15:00:08+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-27T15:00:08+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/e08f98e8db95e0aa9c310e1b27c9c666\"},\"description\":\"Este tutorial explica como calcular o cosseno da mesma forma em Python, com um exemplo.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/similaridade-de-cosseno-python\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/similaridade-de-cosseno-python\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/similaridade-de-cosseno-python\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Lar\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Como calcular a similaridade de cossenos em python\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/\",\"name\":\"Statorials\",\"description\":\"O seu guia para a literacia estat\u00edstica!\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/e08f98e8db95e0aa9c310e1b27c9c666\",\"name\":\"Dr. benjamim anderson\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dr.-Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dr.-Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Dr. benjamim anderson\"},\"description\":\"Ol\u00e1, sou Benjamin, um professor aposentado de estat\u00edstica que se tornou professor dedicado na Statorials. 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