{"id":1126,"date":"2023-07-27T13:59:57","date_gmt":"2023-07-27T13:59:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/welch-t-teste-python\/"},"modified":"2023-07-27T13:59:57","modified_gmt":"2023-07-27T13:59:57","slug":"welch-t-teste-python","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/welch-t-teste-python\/","title":{"rendered":"Como realizar o teste t de welch em python"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">A maneira mais comum de comparar m\u00e9dias entre dois grupos independentes \u00e9 usar um <strong>teste t para duas amostras<\/strong> . No entanto, este teste assume que as vari\u00e2ncias entre os dois grupos s\u00e3o iguais.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Se voc\u00ea acha que a varia\u00e7\u00e3o entre os dois grupos <em>n\u00e3o \u00e9<\/em> igual, voc\u00ea pode usar<\/span> <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/estatologia-explica-conceitos-de-forma-simples-e-direta-facilitamos-o-aprendizado-de-estatistica\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">o teste t de Welch<\/a><\/strong> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">, que \u00e9 o equivalente n\u00e3o param\u00e9trico do teste t de duas amostras.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Para realizar o teste t de Welch em Python, podemos usar a <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.scipy.org\/doc\/scipy\/reference\/generated\/scipy.stats.ttest_ind.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">fun\u00e7\u00e3o ttest_ind()<\/a> da biblioteca <strong>SciPy<\/strong> , que usa a seguinte sintaxe:<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">ttest_ind(a, b, equal_var=Falso)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Ouro:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>a:<\/strong> primeira matriz de valores de dados<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>b:<\/strong> Segunda matriz de valores de dados<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>equal_var:<\/strong> n\u00e3o especifica nenhuma suposi\u00e7\u00e3o de varia\u00e7\u00f5es iguais entre as duas tabelas<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Este tutorial explica como usar esta fun\u00e7\u00e3o para realizar o teste t de Welch em Python.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <strong>Exemplo: teste t de Welch em Python<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Suponha que queiramos comparar as notas dos exames de 12 alunos que usaram um livreto de prepara\u00e7\u00e3o para o exame com as de 12 alunos que n\u00e3o o fizeram.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">O c\u00f3digo a seguir mostra como realizar o teste t de Welch em Python para determinar se as notas m\u00e9dias dos exames s\u00e3o iguais entre os dois grupos:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#import ttest_ind() function<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\">from<\/span> scipy <span style=\"color: #008000;\">import<\/span> stats\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#define two arrays of data\n<\/span>booklet = [90, 85, 88, 89, 94, 91, 79, 83, 87, 88, 91, 90]\nno_booklet = [67, 90, 71, 95, 88, 83, 72, 66, 75, 86, 93, 84]\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#perform Welch's t-test<\/span>\nstats. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">ttest_ind<\/span> (booklet, no_booklet, equal_var = <span style=\"color: #008000;\">False<\/span> )\n\nTtest_indResult(statistic=2.23606797749, pvalue=0.04170979503207)\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">A estat\u00edstica de teste \u00e9 <strong>2,2361<\/strong> e o valor p correspondente \u00e9 <strong>0,0417<\/strong> .<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Como este valor de p \u00e9 inferior a 0,05, podemos rejeitar a hip\u00f3tese nula do teste e concluir que existe uma diferen\u00e7a estatisticamente significativa nas notas m\u00e9dias dos exames entre os dois grupos.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Observe que os dois tamanhos de amostra neste exemplo eram iguais, mas o teste t de Welch ainda funciona mesmo se os dois tamanhos de amostra n\u00e3o forem iguais.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Recursos adicionais<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/teste-t-de-welch\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Uma introdu\u00e7\u00e3o ao teste t de Welch<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/calculadora-de-teste-t-de-welchs\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Calculadora de teste t de Welch<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/teste-t-de-welchs-excel\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Como realizar o teste t de Welch no Excel<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A maneira mais comum de comparar m\u00e9dias entre dois grupos independentes \u00e9 usar um teste t para duas amostras . No entanto, este teste assume que as vari\u00e2ncias entre os dois grupos s\u00e3o iguais. Se voc\u00ea acha que a varia\u00e7\u00e3o entre os dois grupos n\u00e3o \u00e9 igual, voc\u00ea pode usar o teste t de Welch [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1126","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-guia"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Como realizar o teste t de Welch em Python - Estatologia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Este tutorial explica como realizar o teste t de Welch em Python, com um exemplo.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/welch-t-teste-python\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Como realizar o teste t de Welch em Python - Estatologia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Este tutorial explica como realizar o teste t de Welch em Python, com um exemplo.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/welch-t-teste-python\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Statorials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-07-27T13:59:57+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Dr. benjamim anderson\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Dr. benjamim anderson\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tempo estimado de leitura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/welch-t-teste-python\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/welch-t-teste-python\/\",\"name\":\"Como realizar o teste t de Welch em Python - Estatologia\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-07-27T13:59:57+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-27T13:59:57+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/e08f98e8db95e0aa9c310e1b27c9c666\"},\"description\":\"Este tutorial explica como realizar o teste t de Welch em Python, com um exemplo.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/welch-t-teste-python\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/welch-t-teste-python\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/welch-t-teste-python\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Lar\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Como realizar o teste t de welch em python\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/\",\"name\":\"Statorials\",\"description\":\"O seu guia para a literacia estat\u00edstica!\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/e08f98e8db95e0aa9c310e1b27c9c666\",\"name\":\"Dr. benjamim anderson\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dr.-Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dr.-Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Dr. benjamim anderson\"},\"description\":\"Ol\u00e1, sou Benjamin, um professor aposentado de estat\u00edstica que se tornou professor dedicado na Statorials. 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