{"id":1297,"date":"2023-07-26T23:25:14","date_gmt":"2023-07-26T23:25:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/distancia-de-levenshtein-em-r\/"},"modified":"2023-07-26T23:25:14","modified_gmt":"2023-07-26T23:25:14","slug":"distancia-de-levenshtein-em-r","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/distancia-de-levenshtein-em-r\/","title":{"rendered":"Como calcular a dist\u00e2ncia de levenshtein em r (com exemplos)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">A <strong>dist\u00e2ncia Levenshtein<\/strong> entre duas strings \u00e9 o n\u00famero m\u00ednimo de altera\u00e7\u00f5es de um \u00fanico caractere necess\u00e1rias para transformar uma palavra em outra.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">A palavra \u201cmodifica\u00e7\u00f5es\u201d inclui substitui\u00e7\u00f5es, inser\u00e7\u00f5es e exclus\u00f5es.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Por exemplo, suponha que temos as duas palavras a seguir:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">FESTEJAR<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">PARQUE<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">A dist\u00e2ncia de Levenshtein entre as duas palavras (ou seja, o n\u00famero de altera\u00e7\u00f5es que precisamos fazer para transformar uma palavra na outra) seria <strong>2<\/strong> :<\/span> <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-12718 \" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/levenshtein1.png\" alt=\"Exemplo de dist\u00e2ncia de Levenshtein\" width=\"271\" height=\"260\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Na pr\u00e1tica, a dist\u00e2ncia de Levenshtein \u00e9 usada em muitas aplica\u00e7\u00f5es diferentes, incluindo correspond\u00eancia difusa de strings, verifica\u00e7\u00e3o ortogr\u00e1fica e processamento de linguagem natural.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Este tutorial explica como calcular a dist\u00e2ncia de Levenshtein entre strings em R usando a fun\u00e7\u00e3o <a href=\"https:\/\/cran.r-project.org\/web\/packages\/stringdist\/stringdist.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">stringdist()<\/a> do pacote <strong>stringdist<\/strong> em R.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Esta fun\u00e7\u00e3o usa a seguinte sintaxe b\u00e1sica:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#load stringdist package<\/span>\nlibrary(stringdist)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#calculate Levenshtein distance between two strings<\/span>\nstringdist(\" <span style=\"color: #008000;\">string1<\/span> \", \" <span style=\"color: #008000;\">string2<\/span> \", method = \" <span style=\"color: #008000;\">lv<\/span> \")\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Observe que esta fun\u00e7\u00e3o pode calcular muitas medidas de dist\u00e2ncia diferentes. Ao especificar method = &#8220;lv&#8221;, dizemos \u00e0 fun\u00e7\u00e3o para calcular a dist\u00e2ncia de Levenshtein.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Exemplo 1: dist\u00e2ncia de Levenshtein entre duas cordas<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">O c\u00f3digo a seguir mostra como calcular a dist\u00e2ncia de Levenshtein entre as duas strings \u201cparty\u201d e \u201cpark\u201d usando a fun\u00e7\u00e3o <strong>stringdist()<\/strong> :<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#load stringdist package<\/span>\nlibrary(stringdist)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#calculate Levenshtein distance between two strings<\/span>\nstringdist(' <span style=\"color: #008000;\">party<\/span> ', ' <span style=\"color: #008000;\">park<\/span> ', method = ' <span style=\"color: #008000;\">lv<\/span> ')\n\n[1] 2\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">A dist\u00e2ncia de Levenshtein \u00e9 <strong>2<\/strong> .<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Exemplo 2: Dist\u00e2ncia de Levenshtein entre dois vetores<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">O c\u00f3digo a seguir mostra como calcular a dist\u00e2ncia de Levenshtein entre cada combina\u00e7\u00e3o de strings em pares em dois vetores diferentes:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#load stringdist package<\/span>\nlibrary(stringdist)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#definevectors\n<\/span>a &lt;- c('Mavs', 'Spurs', 'Lakers', 'Cavs')\nb &lt;- c('Rockets', 'Pacers', 'Warriors', 'Celtics')\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#calculate Levenshtein distance between two vectors<\/span>\nstringdist(a, b, method=' <span style=\"color: #008000;\">lv<\/span> ')\n\n[1] 6 4 5 5\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">A forma de interpretar o resultado \u00e9 a seguinte:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">A dist\u00e2ncia Levenshtein entre \u201cMavs\u201d e \u201cRockets\u201d \u00e9 <b>6<\/b> .<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">A dist\u00e2ncia de Levenshtein entre os \u201cSpurs\u201d e os \u201cPacers\u201d \u00e9 de <b>4<\/b> .<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">A dist\u00e2ncia de Levenshtein entre os \u201cLakers\u201d e os \u201cWarriors\u201d \u00e9 de <b>5<\/b> .<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">A dist\u00e2ncia Levenshtein entre \u201cCavs\u201d e \u201cCeltics\u201d \u00e9 <b>5<\/b> .<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Exemplo 3: Dist\u00e2ncia Levenshtein entre colunas do quadro de dados<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">O c\u00f3digo a seguir mostra como calcular a dist\u00e2ncia de Levenshtein entre cada combina\u00e7\u00e3o de strings em pares em duas colunas diferentes de um quadro de dados:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#load stringdist package<\/span>\nlibrary(stringdist)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#define data\n<\/span>data &lt;- data.frame(a = c('Mavs', 'Spurs', 'Lakers', 'Cavs'),\n                   b = c('Rockets', 'Pacers', 'Warriors', 'Celtics'))\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#calculate Levenshtein distance<\/span>\nstringdist(data$a, data$b, method=' <span style=\"color: #008000;\">lv<\/span> ')\n\n[1] 6 4 5 5\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Poder\u00edamos ent\u00e3o adicionar a dist\u00e2ncia de Levenshtein como uma nova coluna no quadro de dados, se quis\u00e9ssemos:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#save Levenshtein distance as vector<\/span>\nlev &lt;- stringdist(data$a, data$b, method=' <span style=\"color: #008000;\">lv<\/span> ')\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">\n#append Levenshtein distance as new column<\/span>\ndata$lev &lt;- lev\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#view data frame\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">data\n\n       ab lev\n1 Mavs Rockets 6\n2 Spurs Pacers 4\n3 Lakers Warriors 5\n4 Cavs Celtics 5\n<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/pre>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Recursos adicionais<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/distancia-de-hamming-em-r\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Como calcular a dist\u00e2ncia de Hamming em R<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/distancia-euclidiana-em-r\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Como calcular a dist\u00e2ncia euclidiana em R<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/distancia-de-manhattan-em-r\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Como calcular a dist\u00e2ncia de Manhattan em R<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A dist\u00e2ncia Levenshtein entre duas strings \u00e9 o n\u00famero m\u00ednimo de altera\u00e7\u00f5es de um \u00fanico caractere necess\u00e1rias para transformar uma palavra em outra. A palavra \u201cmodifica\u00e7\u00f5es\u201d inclui substitui\u00e7\u00f5es, inser\u00e7\u00f5es e exclus\u00f5es. Por exemplo, suponha que temos as duas palavras a seguir: FESTEJAR PARQUE A dist\u00e2ncia de Levenshtein entre as duas palavras (ou seja, o n\u00famero [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1297","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-guia"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Como calcular a dist\u00e2ncia de Levenshtein em R (com exemplos)<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Este tutorial explica como calcular a dist\u00e2ncia de Levenshtein entre duas strings em R, com exemplos.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/distancia-de-levenshtein-em-r\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Como calcular a dist\u00e2ncia de Levenshtein em R (com exemplos)\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Este tutorial explica como calcular a dist\u00e2ncia de Levenshtein entre duas strings em R, com exemplos.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/distancia-de-levenshtein-em-r\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Statorials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-07-26T23:25:14+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/levenshtein1.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Dr. benjamim anderson\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Dr. benjamim anderson\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tempo estimado de leitura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/distancia-de-levenshtein-em-r\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/distancia-de-levenshtein-em-r\/\",\"name\":\"Como calcular a dist\u00e2ncia de Levenshtein em R (com exemplos)\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-07-26T23:25:14+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-26T23:25:14+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/e08f98e8db95e0aa9c310e1b27c9c666\"},\"description\":\"Este tutorial explica como calcular a dist\u00e2ncia de Levenshtein entre duas strings em R, com exemplos.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/distancia-de-levenshtein-em-r\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/distancia-de-levenshtein-em-r\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/distancia-de-levenshtein-em-r\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Lar\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Como calcular a dist\u00e2ncia de levenshtein em r (com exemplos)\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/\",\"name\":\"Statorials\",\"description\":\"O seu guia para a literacia estat\u00edstica!\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/e08f98e8db95e0aa9c310e1b27c9c666\",\"name\":\"Dr. benjamim anderson\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dr.-Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dr.-Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Dr. benjamim anderson\"},\"description\":\"Ol\u00e1, sou Benjamin, um professor aposentado de estat\u00edstica que se tornou professor dedicado na Statorials. 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