{"id":1541,"date":"2023-07-25T23:14:40","date_gmt":"2023-07-25T23:14:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/fade-altman-enredo-r\/"},"modified":"2023-07-25T23:14:40","modified_gmt":"2023-07-25T23:14:40","slug":"fade-altman-enredo-r","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/fade-altman-enredo-r\/","title":{"rendered":"Como criar um gr\u00e1fico de bland-altman em r (passo a passo)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Um <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/rastrear-altman-fade\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">gr\u00e1fico de Bland-Altman<\/a> \u00e9 usado para visualizar diferen\u00e7as de medi\u00e7\u00e3o entre dois instrumentos diferentes ou duas t\u00e9cnicas de medi\u00e7\u00e3o diferentes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00c9 \u00fatil para determinar qu\u00e3o semelhantes s\u00e3o dois instrumentos ou t\u00e9cnicas na medi\u00e7\u00e3o do mesmo conceito.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Este tutorial fornece um exemplo passo a passo de como criar um gr\u00e1fico de Bland-Altman em R.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Etapa 1: crie os dados<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Suponha que um bi\u00f3logo utilize dois instrumentos diferentes (A e B) para medir o peso do mesmo conjunto de 20 sapos diferentes, em gramas.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Criaremos o seguinte quadro de dados em R que representa o peso de cada sapo, medido por cada instrumento:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create data<\/span>\ndf &lt;- data. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">frame<\/span> (A=c(5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 7, 7, 7, 8, 8, 9,\n                     10, 11, 13, 14, 14, 15, 18, 22, 25),\n                 B=c(4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 7, 8, 6, 9, 7, 7, 11,\n                     13, 13, 12, 13, 14, 19, 19, 24))\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#view first six rows of data\n<\/span>head(df)\n\n  AB\n1 5 4\n2 5 4\n3 5 5\n4 6 5\n5 6 5\n6 7 7<\/strong><\/pre>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Passo 2: Calcule a diferen\u00e7a nas medidas<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">A seguir, criaremos duas novas colunas no quadro de dados contendo a medida m\u00e9dia de cada sapo, bem como a diferen\u00e7a nas medidas:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create new column for average measurement<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">df$avg &lt;- rowMeans(df) \n<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create new column for difference in measurements\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">df$diff &lt;- df$A - df$B<\/span><\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#view first six rows of data\n<\/span>head(df)\n\n  AB avg diff\n1 5 4 4.5 1\n2 5 4 4.5 1\n3 5 5 5.0 0\n4 6 5 5.5 1\n5 6 5 5.5 1\n6 7 7 7.0 0\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Etapa 3: Calcule a diferen\u00e7a m\u00e9dia e o intervalo de confian\u00e7a<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">A seguir, calcularemos a diferen\u00e7a m\u00e9dia nas medi\u00e7\u00f5es entre os dois instrumentos, bem como os limites superior e inferior do intervalo de confian\u00e7a de 95% para a diferen\u00e7a m\u00e9dia:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#find average difference<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">mean_diff &lt;- mean(df$diff)\n\nmean_diff\n\n[1] 0.5\n<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#find lower 95% confidence interval limits\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">lower &lt;- mean_diff - 1.96*sd(df$diff)<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">lower\n\n[1] -1.921465\n<\/span>\n#find upper 95% confidence interval limits\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">upper &lt;- mean_diff + 1.96*sd(df$diff)<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">upper<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">[1] 2.921465\n<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">A diferen\u00e7a m\u00e9dia acaba sendo <strong>0,5<\/strong> e o intervalo de confian\u00e7a de 95% para a diferen\u00e7a m\u00e9dia \u00e9 <strong>[-1,921, 2,921]<\/strong> .<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Etapa 4: crie o gr\u00e1fico Bland-Altman<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">A seguir, usaremos o seguinte c\u00f3digo para criar um gr\u00e1fico de Bland-Altman usando o pacote de visualiza\u00e7\u00e3o de dados <a href=\"https:\/\/ggplot2.tidyverse.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ggplot2<\/a> :<\/span><\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#load ggplot2\n<\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #993300;\">library<\/span> (ggplot2)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create Bland-Altman plot\n<\/span>ggplot(df, <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">aes<\/span> (x = avg, y = diff)) +\n  geom_point(size=2) +\n  geom_hline(yintercept = mean_diff) +\n  geom_hline(yintercept = lower, color = \" <span style=\"color: #008000;\">red<\/span> \", linetype=\" <span style=\"color: #008000;\">dashed<\/span> \") +\n  geom_hline(yintercept = upper, color = \" <span style=\"color: #008000;\">red<\/span> \", linetype=\" <span style=\"color: #008000;\">dashed<\/span> \") +\n  ggtitle(\" <span style=\"color: #008000;\">Bland-Altman Plot<\/span> \") +\n  ylab(\" <span style=\"color: #008000;\">Difference Between Measurements<\/span> \") +\n  xlab(\" <span style=\"color: #008000;\">Average Measurement<\/span> \")<\/span><\/strong> <\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-15305\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/fader1.png\" alt=\"Gr\u00e1fico de Bland-Altman em R\" width=\"468\" height=\"455\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">O eixo x do gr\u00e1fico exibe a medi\u00e7\u00e3o m\u00e9dia dos dois instrumentos e o eixo y exibe a diferen\u00e7a nas medi\u00e7\u00f5es entre os dois instrumentos.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">A linha preta representa a diferen\u00e7a m\u00e9dia nas medi\u00e7\u00f5es entre os dois instrumentos, enquanto as duas linhas pontilhadas vermelhas representam os limites do intervalo de confian\u00e7a de 95% para a diferen\u00e7a m\u00e9dia.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Um gr\u00e1fico de Bland-Altman \u00e9 usado para visualizar diferen\u00e7as de medi\u00e7\u00e3o entre dois instrumentos diferentes ou duas t\u00e9cnicas de medi\u00e7\u00e3o diferentes. \u00c9 \u00fatil para determinar qu\u00e3o semelhantes s\u00e3o dois instrumentos ou t\u00e9cnicas na medi\u00e7\u00e3o do mesmo conceito. Este tutorial fornece um exemplo passo a passo de como criar um gr\u00e1fico de Bland-Altman em R. Etapa [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1541","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-guia"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Como criar um gr\u00e1fico de Bland-Altman em R (passo a passo)<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Este tutorial explica como criar um gr\u00e1fico de Bland-Altman em R, incluindo um exemplo passo a passo.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/fade-altman-enredo-r\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Como criar um gr\u00e1fico de Bland-Altman em R (passo a passo)\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Este tutorial explica como criar um gr\u00e1fico de Bland-Altman em R, incluindo um exemplo passo a passo.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/fade-altman-enredo-r\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Statorials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-07-25T23:14:40+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/fader1.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Dr. benjamim anderson\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Dr. benjamim anderson\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tempo estimado de leitura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/fade-altman-enredo-r\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/fade-altman-enredo-r\/\",\"name\":\"Como criar um gr\u00e1fico de Bland-Altman em R (passo a passo)\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-07-25T23:14:40+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-25T23:14:40+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/e08f98e8db95e0aa9c310e1b27c9c666\"},\"description\":\"Este tutorial explica como criar um gr\u00e1fico de Bland-Altman em R, incluindo um exemplo passo a passo.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/fade-altman-enredo-r\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/fade-altman-enredo-r\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/fade-altman-enredo-r\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Lar\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Como criar um gr\u00e1fico de bland-altman em r (passo a passo)\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/\",\"name\":\"Statorials\",\"description\":\"O seu guia para a literacia estat\u00edstica!\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/e08f98e8db95e0aa9c310e1b27c9c666\",\"name\":\"Dr. benjamim anderson\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dr.-Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dr.-Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Dr. benjamim anderson\"},\"description\":\"Ol\u00e1, sou Benjamin, um professor aposentado de estat\u00edstica que se tornou professor dedicado na Statorials. 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