{"id":1640,"date":"2023-07-25T13:31:25","date_gmt":"2023-07-25T13:31:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/log-grafico-de-log-em-r\/"},"modified":"2023-07-25T13:31:25","modified_gmt":"2023-07-25T13:31:25","slug":"log-grafico-de-log-em-r","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/log-grafico-de-log-em-r\/","title":{"rendered":"Como criar um gr\u00e1fico log-log em r"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Um <strong>gr\u00e1fico log-log<\/strong> \u00e9 um gr\u00e1fico que usa escalas logar\u00edtmicas no eixo x e no eixo y.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Este tipo de gr\u00e1fico \u00e9 \u00fatil para visualizar duas vari\u00e1veis quando a verdadeira rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre elas segue algum tipo de lei de pot\u00eancia.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Este tutorial explica como criar um gr\u00e1fico log-log em R usando a base R e o pacote de visualiza\u00e7\u00e3o de dados <a href=\"https:\/\/ggplot2.tidyverse.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ggplot2<\/a> .<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>M\u00e9todo 1: Criar um gr\u00e1fico Log-Log na Base R<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Suponha que temos o seguinte conjunto de dados em R:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#createdata<\/span>\ndf &lt;- data. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">frame<\/span> (x=3:22,\n                 y=c(3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 13, 15, 19, 23, 24, 29,\n                     38, 40, 50, 56, 59, 70, 89, 104, 130))\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create scatterplot of x vs. y\n<\/span>plot(df$x, df$y, main=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Raw Data<\/span> ')\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-16188 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/loglogr1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"409\" height=\"409\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00c9 claro que a rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre as vari\u00e1veis <em>x<\/em> e <em>y<\/em> segue uma lei de pot\u00eancia.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">O c\u00f3digo a seguir mostra como criar um gr\u00e1fico log-log para essas duas vari\u00e1veis na base R:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create log-log plot of x vs. y<\/span>\nplot( <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">log<\/span> (df$x), <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">log<\/span> (df$y), main=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Log-Log Plot<\/span> ')\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-16189\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/loglogr2.png\" alt=\"Gr\u00e1fico log-log na base R\" width=\"414\" height=\"401\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Observe como a rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre log(x) e log(y) \u00e9 muito mais linear em compara\u00e7\u00e3o com o gr\u00e1fico anterior.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>M\u00e9todo 2: Crie um gr\u00e1fico Log-Log em ggplot2<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">O c\u00f3digo a seguir mostra como criar um gr\u00e1fico log-log para exatamente o mesmo conjunto de dados usando ggplot2:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #993300;\">library<\/span> (ggplot2)<\/span>\n\n#create data<\/span>\ndf &lt;- data. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">frame<\/span> (x=3:22,\n                 y=c(3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 13, 15, 19, 23, 24, 29,\n                     38, 40, 50, 56, 59, 70, 89, 104, 130))\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">\n#define new data frame\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">df_log &lt;- data. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">frame<\/span> (x= <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">log<\/span> (df$x),\n                     y= <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">log<\/span> (df$y))<\/span>\n\n#create scatterplot using ggplot2\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">ggplot(df_log, <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">aes<\/span> (x=x, y=y)) +\n  geom_point()<\/span>\n<\/span><\/strong><\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-16190 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/loglogr3.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"419\" height=\"416\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Sinta-se \u00e0 vontade para personalizar o t\u00edtulo, os r\u00f3tulos dos eixos e o tema para tornar o enredo mais est\u00e9tico:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">ggplot(df_log, <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">aes<\/span> (x=x, y=y)) +\n  geom_point() +\n  labs(title=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Log-Log Plot<\/span> ', x=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Log(x)<\/span> ', y=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Log(y)<\/span> ') +\n  theme_minimal()<\/span><\/span><\/strong> <\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-16191\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/loglogr4.png\" alt=\"Plotagem log-log em R usando ggplot2\" width=\"450\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Recursos adicionais<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/como-tracar-multiplas-linhas-de-series-de-dados-em-um-grafico-em-r\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Como tra\u00e7ar m\u00faltiplas linhas em um gr\u00e1fico em R<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/multiplos-boxplots-r\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Como plotar v\u00e1rios boxplots em um \u00fanico gr\u00e1fico em R<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/pilhas-de-barplot-em-r\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Como criar um gr\u00e1fico de barras empilhado em R<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Um gr\u00e1fico log-log \u00e9 um gr\u00e1fico que usa escalas logar\u00edtmicas no eixo x e no eixo y. Este tipo de gr\u00e1fico \u00e9 \u00fatil para visualizar duas vari\u00e1veis quando a verdadeira rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre elas segue algum tipo de lei de pot\u00eancia. Este tutorial explica como criar um gr\u00e1fico log-log em R usando a base R e [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1640","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-guia"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Como criar um gr\u00e1fico Log-Log em R - Statorials<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Este tutorial explica como criar um gr\u00e1fico log-log em R, com v\u00e1rios exemplos.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/log-grafico-de-log-em-r\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Como criar um gr\u00e1fico Log-Log em R - Statorials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Este tutorial explica como criar um gr\u00e1fico log-log em R, com v\u00e1rios exemplos.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/log-grafico-de-log-em-r\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Statorials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-07-25T13:31:25+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/loglogr1.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Dr. benjamim anderson\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Dr. benjamim anderson\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tempo estimado de leitura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/log-grafico-de-log-em-r\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/log-grafico-de-log-em-r\/\",\"name\":\"Como criar um gr\u00e1fico Log-Log em R - Statorials\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-07-25T13:31:25+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-25T13:31:25+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/e08f98e8db95e0aa9c310e1b27c9c666\"},\"description\":\"Este tutorial explica como criar um gr\u00e1fico log-log em R, com v\u00e1rios exemplos.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/log-grafico-de-log-em-r\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/log-grafico-de-log-em-r\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/log-grafico-de-log-em-r\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Lar\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Como criar um gr\u00e1fico log-log em r\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/\",\"name\":\"Statorials\",\"description\":\"O seu guia para a literacia estat\u00edstica!\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/e08f98e8db95e0aa9c310e1b27c9c666\",\"name\":\"Dr. benjamim anderson\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dr.-Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dr.-Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Dr. benjamim anderson\"},\"description\":\"Ol\u00e1, sou Benjamin, um professor aposentado de estat\u00edstica que se tornou professor dedicado na Statorials. 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