{"id":2092,"date":"2023-07-23T17:48:41","date_gmt":"2023-07-23T17:48:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/barras-de-erro-em-r\/"},"modified":"2023-07-23T17:48:41","modified_gmt":"2023-07-23T17:48:41","slug":"barras-de-erro-em-r","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/barras-de-erro-em-r\/","title":{"rendered":"Como adicionar barras de erro a gr\u00e1ficos em r (com exemplos)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Voc\u00ea pode usar a seguinte sintaxe b\u00e1sica para adicionar barras de erro a um gr\u00e1fico de barras em R:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong>ggplot(df) +\n    geom_bar( <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">aes<\/span> (x=x, y=y), stat=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">identity<\/span> ') +\n    geom_errorbar( <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">aes<\/span> (x=x, ymin=y-sd, ymax=y+sd), width= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">0.4<\/span> )\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Os exemplos a seguir mostram como usar esta fun\u00e7\u00e3o na pr\u00e1tica.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Exemplo 1: Adicionar barras de erro usando dados resumidos<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Suponha que temos o seguinte quadro de dados em R que exibe estat\u00edsticas resumidas para cinco categorias:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create data frame\n<\/span>df &lt;- data. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">frame<\/span> (category=c('A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E'),\n                 value=c(12, 17, 30, 22, 19),\n                 sd=c(4, 5, 7, 4, 2))\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#view data frame\n<\/span>df\n\n  category value sd\n1 to 12 4\n2 B 17 5\n3 C 30 7\n4 D 22 4\n5 E 19 2\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Podemos usar o c\u00f3digo a seguir para criar um gr\u00e1fico de barras com barras de erro para visualizar esses dados:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #993300;\">library<\/span> (ggplot2)<\/span>\n\n#create bar plot with error bars\n<\/span>ggplot(df) +\n    geom_bar( <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">aes<\/span> (x=category, y=value), stat=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">identity<\/span> ', fill=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">steelblue<\/span> ') +\n    geom_errorbar( <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">aes<\/span> (x=category, ymin=value-sd, ymax=value+sd), width= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">0.4<\/span> )\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-19472\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/barre-derreurr1.png\" alt=\"gr\u00e1fico de barras com barras de erro em R\" width=\"465\" height=\"465\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Sinta-se \u00e0 vontade para usar os seguintes argumentos para alterar a apar\u00eancia das barras de erro:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>largura<\/strong> : A largura das barras de erro<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>size<\/strong> : A espessura das barras de erro<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>color<\/strong> : A cor das barras de erro<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Por exemplo:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #993300;\">library<\/span> (ggplot2)<\/span>\n<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create bar plot with custom error bars<\/span>\nggplot(df) +\n    geom_bar( <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">aes<\/span> (x=category, y=value), stat=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">identity<\/span> ', fill=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">steelblue<\/span> ') +\n    geom_errorbar( <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">aes<\/span> (x=category, ymin=value-sd, ymax=value+sd),\n                  width= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">0.3<\/span> , size= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">2.3<\/span> , color=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">red<\/span> ')\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-19473 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/barre-derreurr2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"445\" height=\"452\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Exemplo 2: Adicionar barras de erro usando dados brutos<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Digamos que temos o seguinte quadro de dados que mostra dados brutos para cinco categorias diferentes:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#make this example reproducible<\/span>\nset. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">seeds<\/span> (0)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create data frame\n<\/span>df &lt;- data. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">frame<\/span> (category=rep(c('A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E'), each= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">10<\/span> ),\n                 value=runif(50, 10, 20))\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#view first six rows of data frame\n<\/span>head(df)\n\n  category value\n1 A 18.96697\n2 A 12.65509\n3 A 13.72124\n4 A 15.72853\n5 A 19.08208\n6 A 12.01682\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">O c\u00f3digo a seguir mostra como resumir os dados e depois criar um gr\u00e1fico de barras com barras de erro:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #993300;\">library <span style=\"color: #000000;\">(dplyr)<\/span>\nlibrary<\/span> (ggplot2)\n<\/span><\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#summarize mean and sd for each category\n<\/span>df_summary &lt;- df %&gt;%\n  group_by(category) %&gt;%\n  summarize(mean=mean(value),\n            sd=sd(value))\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#view summary data\n<\/span>df_summary\n\n# A tibble: 5 x 3\n  category mean sd\n       \n1 A 16.4 2.80\n2B 14.9 2.99\n3 C 14.6 3.25\n4 D 15.2 2.48\n5 E 15.8 2.41 \n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create bar plot with error bars\n<\/span>ggplot(df_summary) +\n    geom_bar( <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">aes<\/span> (x=category, y=mean), stat=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">identity<\/span> ', fill=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">steelblue<\/span> ') +\n    geom_errorbar( <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">aes<\/span> (x=category, ymin=mean-sd, ymax=mean+sd), width= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">0.3<\/span> , color=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">red<\/span> ')<\/strong> <\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-19475 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/barre-derreurr3.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"468\" height=\"464\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Recursos adicionais<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Os tutoriais a seguir explicam como criar outras visualiza\u00e7\u00f5es de dados comuns em R:<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/multiplos-boxplots-r\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Como plotar v\u00e1rios boxplots em R<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/multiplos-histogramas-r\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Como plotar v\u00e1rios histogramas em R<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/como-tracar-multiplas-linhas-de-series-de-dados-em-um-grafico-em-r\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Como desenhar m\u00faltiplas linhas em R<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Voc\u00ea pode usar a seguinte sintaxe b\u00e1sica para adicionar barras de erro a um gr\u00e1fico de barras em R: ggplot(df) + geom_bar( aes (x=x, y=y), stat=&#8217; identity &#8216;) + geom_errorbar( aes (x=x, ymin=y-sd, ymax=y+sd), width= 0.4 ) Os exemplos a seguir mostram como usar esta fun\u00e7\u00e3o na pr\u00e1tica. Exemplo 1: Adicionar barras de erro usando [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2092","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-guia"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Como adicionar barras de erro a gr\u00e1ficos em R (com exemplos) - Estatologia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Este tutorial explica como adicionar barras de erro a gr\u00e1ficos em R, com v\u00e1rios exemplos.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/barras-de-erro-em-r\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Como adicionar barras de erro a gr\u00e1ficos em R (com exemplos) - Estatologia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Este tutorial explica como adicionar barras de erro a gr\u00e1ficos em R, com v\u00e1rios exemplos.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/barras-de-erro-em-r\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Statorials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-07-23T17:48:41+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/barre-derreurr1.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Dr. benjamim anderson\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Dr. benjamim anderson\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tempo estimado de leitura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/barras-de-erro-em-r\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/barras-de-erro-em-r\/\",\"name\":\"Como adicionar barras de erro a gr\u00e1ficos em R (com exemplos) - Estatologia\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-07-23T17:48:41+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-23T17:48:41+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/e08f98e8db95e0aa9c310e1b27c9c666\"},\"description\":\"Este tutorial explica como adicionar barras de erro a gr\u00e1ficos em R, com v\u00e1rios exemplos.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/barras-de-erro-em-r\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/barras-de-erro-em-r\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/barras-de-erro-em-r\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Lar\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Como adicionar barras de erro a gr\u00e1ficos em r (com exemplos)\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/\",\"name\":\"Statorials\",\"description\":\"O seu guia para a literacia estat\u00edstica!\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/e08f98e8db95e0aa9c310e1b27c9c666\",\"name\":\"Dr. benjamim anderson\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dr.-Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dr.-Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Dr. benjamim anderson\"},\"description\":\"Ol\u00e1, sou Benjamin, um professor aposentado de estat\u00edstica que se tornou professor dedicado na Statorials. 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