{"id":2157,"date":"2023-07-23T11:09:27","date_gmt":"2023-07-23T11:09:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/amostra-de-variacao-populacional-python\/"},"modified":"2023-07-23T11:09:27","modified_gmt":"2023-07-23T11:09:27","slug":"amostra-de-variacao-populacional-python","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/amostra-de-variacao-populacional-python\/","title":{"rendered":"Como calcular a varia\u00e7\u00e3o amostral e populacional em python"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>A vari\u00e2ncia<\/strong> \u00e9 uma forma de medir a distribui\u00e7\u00e3o de valores em um conjunto de dados.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">A f\u00f3rmula para calcular <strong>a vari\u00e2ncia populacional<\/strong> \u00e9:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u03c3 <sup>2<\/sup><\/strong> = \u03a3 (x <sub>i<\/sub> \u2013 \u03bc) <sup>2<\/sup> \/ N<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Ouro:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u03a3<\/strong> : Um s\u00edmbolo que significa \u201csoma\u201d<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u03bc<\/strong> : M\u00e9dia populacional<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>x <sub>i<\/sub><\/strong> : O i- <sup>\u00e9simo<\/sup> elemento da popula\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>N<\/strong> : Tamanho da popula\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">A f\u00f3rmula para calcular <strong>a vari\u00e2ncia amostral<\/strong> \u00e9:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>s <sup>2<\/sup><\/strong> = \u03a3 ( <sub>xi<\/sub> \u2013 <span style=\"text-decoration: overline;\">x<\/span> ) <sup>2<\/sup> \/ (n-1)<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Ouro:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: overline;\">x<\/span><\/strong> : m\u00e9dias amostrais<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>x <sub>i<\/sub><\/strong> : O i- <sup>\u00e9simo<\/sup> elemento da amostra<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>n<\/strong> : Tamanho da amostra<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Podemos usar as fun\u00e7\u00f5es <strong>vari\u00e2ncia<\/strong> e <strong>pvariance<\/strong> da biblioteca <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.python.org\/3\/library\/statistics.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">de estat\u00edsticas<\/a> em Python para calcular rapidamente a vari\u00e2ncia da amostra e a vari\u00e2ncia da popula\u00e7\u00e3o (respectivamente) para uma determinada tabela.<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\">from<\/span> statistics <span style=\"color: #008000;\">import<\/span> variance, pvariance<\/span>\n\n#calculate sample variance<\/span>\nvariance(s)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#calculate population variance\n<\/span>pvariance(x)\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Os exemplos a seguir mostram como usar cada fun\u00e7\u00e3o na pr\u00e1tica.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Exemplo 1: Calculando a varia\u00e7\u00e3o da amostra em Python<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">O c\u00f3digo a seguir mostra como calcular a varia\u00e7\u00e3o amostral de uma tabela em Python:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\">from<\/span> statistics <span style=\"color: #008000;\">import<\/span> variance<\/span> \n\n#define data<\/span>\ndata = [4, 8, 12, 15, 9, 6, 14, 18, 12, 9, 16, 17, 17, 20, 14]\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#calculate sample variance\n<\/span>variance(data)\n\n22,067\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">A vari\u00e2ncia da amostra \u00e9 <strong>22.067<\/strong> .<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Exemplo 2: Calculando a varia\u00e7\u00e3o populacional em Python<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">O c\u00f3digo a seguir mostra como calcular a varia\u00e7\u00e3o populacional de uma tabela em Python:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\">from<\/span> statistics <span style=\"color: #008000;\">import<\/span> pvariance<\/span> \n\n#define data<\/span>\ndata = [4, 8, 12, 15, 9, 6, 14, 18, 12, 9, 16, 17, 17, 20, 14]\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#calculate sample variance\n<\/span>pvariance(data)\n\n20,596<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">A varia\u00e7\u00e3o da popula\u00e7\u00e3o acaba sendo <strong>20.596<\/strong> .<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Notas sobre c\u00e1lculo de amostra e varia\u00e7\u00e3o populacional<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Tenha o seguinte em mente ao calcular a vari\u00e2ncia amostral e populacional:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Voc\u00ea deve calcular <strong>a varia\u00e7\u00e3o populacional<\/strong> quando o conjunto de dados com o qual est\u00e1 trabalhando representa uma popula\u00e7\u00e3o inteira, ou seja, todos os valores nos quais voc\u00ea est\u00e1 interessado.<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Voc\u00ea deve calcular <strong>a varia\u00e7\u00e3o amostral<\/strong> quando o conjunto de dados com o qual est\u00e1 trabalhando representa uma amostra retirada de uma popula\u00e7\u00e3o de interesse maior.<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">A vari\u00e2ncia amostral de uma determinada tabela de dados ser\u00e1 sempre maior do que a vari\u00e2ncia populacional para a mesma tabela de dados porque h\u00e1 mais incerteza ao calcular a vari\u00e2ncia amostral, portanto, nossa estimativa da vari\u00e2ncia ser\u00e1 maior.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Recursos adicionais<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Os tutoriais a seguir explicam como calcular outras m\u00e9tricas de spread em Python:<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/intervalo-interquartil-python\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Como calcular o intervalo interquartil em Python<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/coeficiente-de-variacao-em-python\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Como calcular o coeficiente de varia\u00e7\u00e3o em Python<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/desvio-padrao-da-lista-python\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Como calcular o desvio padr\u00e3o de uma lista em Python<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A vari\u00e2ncia \u00e9 uma forma de medir a distribui\u00e7\u00e3o de valores em um conjunto de dados. A f\u00f3rmula para calcular a vari\u00e2ncia populacional \u00e9: \u03c3 2 = \u03a3 (x i \u2013 \u03bc) 2 \/ N Ouro: \u03a3 : Um s\u00edmbolo que significa \u201csoma\u201d \u03bc : M\u00e9dia populacional x i : O i- \u00e9simo elemento da [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2157","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-guia"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Como calcular a vari\u00e2ncia de uma amostra e popula\u00e7\u00e3o em Python - Estatoriais<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Este tutorial explica como calcular a vari\u00e2ncia amostral e a vari\u00e2ncia populacional em Python, com v\u00e1rios exemplos.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/amostra-de-variacao-populacional-python\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Como calcular a vari\u00e2ncia de uma amostra e popula\u00e7\u00e3o em Python - Estatoriais\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Este tutorial explica como calcular a vari\u00e2ncia amostral e a vari\u00e2ncia populacional em Python, com v\u00e1rios exemplos.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/amostra-de-variacao-populacional-python\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Statorials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-07-23T11:09:27+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Dr. benjamim anderson\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Dr. benjamim anderson\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tempo estimado de leitura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/amostra-de-variacao-populacional-python\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/amostra-de-variacao-populacional-python\/\",\"name\":\"Como calcular a vari\u00e2ncia de uma amostra e popula\u00e7\u00e3o em Python - Estatoriais\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-07-23T11:09:27+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-23T11:09:27+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/e08f98e8db95e0aa9c310e1b27c9c666\"},\"description\":\"Este tutorial explica como calcular a vari\u00e2ncia amostral e a vari\u00e2ncia populacional em Python, com v\u00e1rios exemplos.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/amostra-de-variacao-populacional-python\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/amostra-de-variacao-populacional-python\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/amostra-de-variacao-populacional-python\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Lar\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Como calcular a varia\u00e7\u00e3o amostral e populacional em python\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/\",\"name\":\"Statorials\",\"description\":\"O seu guia para a literacia estat\u00edstica!\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/e08f98e8db95e0aa9c310e1b27c9c666\",\"name\":\"Dr. benjamim anderson\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dr.-Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dr.-Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Dr. benjamim anderson\"},\"description\":\"Ol\u00e1, sou Benjamin, um professor aposentado de estat\u00edstica que se tornou professor dedicado na Statorials. 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