{"id":2458,"date":"2023-07-22T04:35:15","date_gmt":"2023-07-22T04:35:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/analise-univariada-em-python\/"},"modified":"2023-07-22T04:35:15","modified_gmt":"2023-07-22T04:35:15","slug":"analise-univariada-em-python","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/analise-univariada-em-python\/","title":{"rendered":"Como realizar an\u00e1lise univariada em python: com exemplos"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">O termo <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/analise-univariada\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">an\u00e1lise univariada<\/a> refere-se \u00e0 an\u00e1lise de uma vari\u00e1vel. Voc\u00ea pode se lembrar disso porque o prefixo \u201cuni\u201d significa \u201cum\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Existem tr\u00eas maneiras comuns de realizar an\u00e1lise univariada em uma vari\u00e1vel:<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>1. Estat\u00edsticas resumidas<\/strong> \u2013 Mede o centro e a distribui\u00e7\u00e3o dos valores.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>2. Tabela de Frequ\u00eancia<\/strong> \u2013 Descreve com que frequ\u00eancia aparecem valores diferentes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>3. Gr\u00e1ficos<\/strong> \u2013 Utilizados para visualizar a distribui\u00e7\u00e3o de valores.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Este tutorial fornece um exemplo de como realizar an\u00e1lise univariada com o seguinte DataFrame do pandas:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008000;\">import<\/span> pandas <span style=\"color: #008000;\">as<\/span> pd\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#createDataFrame\n<\/span>df = pd. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">DataFrame<\/span> ({' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">points<\/span> ': [1, 1, 2, 3.5, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6.5, 7, 7.4, 8, 13, 14.2],\n                   ' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">assists<\/span> ': [5, 7, 7, 9, 12, 9, 9, 4, 6, 8, 8, 9, 3, 2, 6],\n                   ' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">rebounds<\/span> ': [11, 8, 10, 6, 6, 5, 9, 12, 6, 6, 7, 8, 7, 9, 15]})\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#view first five rows of DataFrame<\/span>\ndf. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">head<\/span> ()\n\n\tpoints assists rebounds\n0 1.0 5 11\n1 1.0 7 8\n2 2.0 7 10\n3 3.5 9 6\n4 4.0 12 6\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>1. Calcule estat\u00edsticas resumidas<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Podemos usar a seguinte sintaxe para calcular v\u00e1rias estat\u00edsticas resumidas para a vari\u00e1vel &#8220;pontos&#8221; no DataFrame:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#calculate mean of 'points'<\/span>\ndf[' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">points<\/span> ']. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">mean<\/span> ()\n\n5.706666666666667\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#calculate median of 'points' \n<\/span>df[' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">points<\/span> ']. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">median<\/span> () \n\n5.0\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#calculate standard deviation of 'points'\n<\/span>df[' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">points<\/span> ']. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">std<\/span> () \n\n3.858287308169384\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>2. Crie uma tabela de frequ\u00eancia<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Podemos usar a seguinte sintaxe para criar uma tabela de frequ\u00eancia para a vari\u00e1vel \u2018pontos\u2019:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create frequency table for 'points'<\/span>\ndf[' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">points<\/span> ']. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">value_counts<\/span> ()\n\n4.0 3\n1.0 2\n5.0 2\n2.0 1\n3.5 1\n6.5 1\n7.0 1\n7.4 1\n8.0 1\n13.0 1\n14.2 1\nName: points, dtype: int64<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Isso nos diz que:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">O valor <strong>4<\/strong> aparece 3 vezes<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">O valor <strong>1<\/strong> aparece duas vezes<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">O valor <strong>5<\/strong> aparece duas vezes<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">O valor <strong>2<\/strong> aparece 1 vez<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">E assim por diante.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Relacionado:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/tabelas-de-frequencia-python\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Como criar tabelas de frequ\u00eancia em Python<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>3. Crie gr\u00e1ficos<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Podemos usar a seguinte sintaxe para criar um <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/bigodes-de-caixa\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">boxplot<\/a> para a vari\u00e1vel \u2018pontos\u2019:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008000;\">import<\/span> matplotlib. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">pyplot<\/span> <span style=\"color: #008000;\">as<\/span> plt\n\ndf. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">boxplot<\/span> (column=[' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">points<\/span> '], grid= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">False<\/span> , color=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">black<\/span> ')\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-22042 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/uni11.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"332\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Relacionado:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/pandas-na-caixa\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Como criar um Boxplot a partir do Pandas DataFrame<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Podemos usar a seguinte sintaxe para criar um histograma para a vari\u00e1vel \u2018pontos\u2019:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008000;\">import<\/span> matplotlib. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">pyplot<\/span> <span style=\"color: #008000;\">as<\/span> plt\n\ndf. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">hist<\/span> (column=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">points<\/span> ', grid= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">False<\/span> , edgecolor=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">black<\/span> ')\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-22043 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/uni12.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"510\" height=\"361\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Relacionado:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/histograma-do-panda\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Como criar um histograma a partir do Pandas DataFrame<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Podemos usar a seguinte sintaxe para criar uma <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/curvas-de-densidade\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">curva de densidade<\/a> para a vari\u00e1vel \u201cpontos\u201d:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008000;\">import<\/span> seaborn <span style=\"color: #008000;\">as<\/span> sns\n\nsns. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">kdeplot<\/span> (df[' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">points<\/span> '])\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-22044 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/uni13.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"535\" height=\"352\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Relacionado:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/grafico-de-densidade-matplotlib\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Como criar um gr\u00e1fico de densidade no Matplotlib<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Cada um desses gr\u00e1ficos nos d\u00e1 uma forma \u00fanica de visualizar a distribui\u00e7\u00e3o dos valores da vari\u00e1vel \u201cpontos\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>O termo an\u00e1lise univariada refere-se \u00e0 an\u00e1lise de uma vari\u00e1vel. Voc\u00ea pode se lembrar disso porque o prefixo \u201cuni\u201d significa \u201cum\u201d. Existem tr\u00eas maneiras comuns de realizar an\u00e1lise univariada em uma vari\u00e1vel: 1. Estat\u00edsticas resumidas \u2013 Mede o centro e a distribui\u00e7\u00e3o dos valores. 2. Tabela de Frequ\u00eancia \u2013 Descreve com que frequ\u00eancia aparecem valores [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2458","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-guia"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Como realizar an\u00e1lise univariada em Python (com exemplos) - Estatologia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Este tutorial explica como realizar an\u00e1lise univariada em Python, com v\u00e1rios exemplos.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/analise-univariada-em-python\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Como realizar an\u00e1lise univariada em Python (com exemplos) - Estatologia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Este tutorial explica como realizar an\u00e1lise univariada em Python, com v\u00e1rios exemplos.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/analise-univariada-em-python\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Statorials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-07-22T04:35:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/uni11.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Dr. benjamim anderson\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Dr. benjamim anderson\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tempo estimado de leitura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/analise-univariada-em-python\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/analise-univariada-em-python\/\",\"name\":\"Como realizar an\u00e1lise univariada em Python (com exemplos) - Estatologia\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-07-22T04:35:15+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-22T04:35:15+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/e08f98e8db95e0aa9c310e1b27c9c666\"},\"description\":\"Este tutorial explica como realizar an\u00e1lise univariada em Python, com v\u00e1rios exemplos.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/analise-univariada-em-python\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/analise-univariada-em-python\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/analise-univariada-em-python\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Lar\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Como realizar an\u00e1lise univariada em python: com exemplos\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/\",\"name\":\"Statorials\",\"description\":\"O seu guia para a literacia estat\u00edstica!\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/e08f98e8db95e0aa9c310e1b27c9c666\",\"name\":\"Dr. benjamim anderson\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dr.-Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dr.-Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Dr. benjamim anderson\"},\"description\":\"Ol\u00e1, sou Benjamin, um professor aposentado de estat\u00edstica que se tornou professor dedicado na Statorials. 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