{"id":2475,"date":"2023-07-22T02:52:07","date_gmt":"2023-07-22T02:52:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/r-interpolar-valores-ausentes\/"},"modified":"2023-07-22T02:52:07","modified_gmt":"2023-07-22T02:52:07","slug":"r-interpolar-valores-ausentes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/r-interpolar-valores-ausentes\/","title":{"rendered":"Como interpolar valores ausentes em r (incluindo um exemplo)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Voc\u00ea pode usar a seguinte sintaxe b\u00e1sica para interpolar valores ausentes em uma coluna do quadro de dados em R:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008000;\">library<\/span> (dplyr)\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\">library<\/span> (zoo)\n\ndf &lt;- df %&gt;%\n        mutate(column_name = na. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">approx<\/span> (column_name))\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">O exemplo a seguir mostra como usar essa sintaxe na pr\u00e1tica.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Exemplo: interpolar valores ausentes em R<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Suponha que temos o seguinte quadro de dados em R que mostra o total de vendas realizadas por uma loja durante 15 dias consecutivos:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create data frame\n<\/span>df &lt;- data. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">frame<\/span> (day=1:15,\n                 sales=c(3, 6, 8, 10, 14, 17, 20, NA, NA, NA, NA, 35, 39, 44, 49))\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#view data frame\n<\/span>df\n\n   day sales\n1 1 3\n2 2 6\n3 3 8\n4 4 10\n5 5 14\n6 6 17\n7 7 20\n8 8 NA\n9 9 NA\n10 10 NA\n11 11 NA\n12 12 35\n13 13 39\n14 14 44\n15 15 49\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Observe que faltam n\u00fameros de vendas de quatro dias no quadro de dados.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Se cri\u00e1ssemos um gr\u00e1fico de linhas simples para visualizar as vendas ao longo do tempo, seria assim:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create line chart to visualize sales\n<\/span>plot(df$sales, type=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">o<\/span> ', pch= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">16<\/span> , col=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">steelblue<\/span> ', xlab=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Day<\/span> ', ylab=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Sales<\/span> ')<\/strong> <\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-22138\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/imputer1.png\" alt=\"interpolar valores ausentes em R\" width=\"546\" height=\"388\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Para preencher os valores ausentes, podemos usar a fun\u00e7\u00e3o <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rdocumentation.org\/packages\/zoo\/versions\/1.8-9\/topics\/na.approx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">na.approx()<\/a> do pacote <strong>zoo<\/strong> , bem como a fun\u00e7\u00e3o <a href=\"https:\/\/dplyr.tidyverse.org\/reference\/mutate.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">mutate()<\/a> do pacote <strong>dplyr<\/strong> :<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008000;\">library<\/span> (dplyr)\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\">library<\/span> (zoo)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#interpolate missing values in 'sales' column\n<\/span>df &lt;- df %&gt;%\n        mutate(sales = na. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">approx<\/span> (sales))\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#view updated data frame<\/span>\ndf\n\n   day sales\n1 1 3\n2 2 6\n3 3 8\n4 4 10\n5 5 14\n6 6 17\n7 7 20\n8 8 23\n9 9 26\n10 10 29\n11 11 32\n12 12 35\n13 13 39\n14 14 44\n15 15 49\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Observe que cada um dos valores ausentes foi substitu\u00eddo.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Se criarmos outro gr\u00e1fico de linhas para visualizar o quadro de dados atualizado, seria assim:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create line chart to visualize sales\n<\/span>plot(df$sales, type=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">o<\/span> ', pch= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">16<\/span> , col=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">steelblue<\/span> ', xlab=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Day<\/span> ', ylab=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Sales<\/span> ')<\/strong> <\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-22139 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/imputer2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"542\" height=\"383\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Observe que os valores escolhidos pela fun\u00e7\u00e3o <strong>na.approx()<\/strong> parecem corresponder muito bem \u00e0 tend\u00eancia dos dados.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Recursos adicionais<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Os tutoriais a seguir fornecem informa\u00e7\u00f5es adicionais sobre como lidar com valores ausentes em R:<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/encontrar-valores-ausentes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Como encontrar e contar valores ausentes em R<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/imputar-valores-ausentes-em-r\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Como imputar todos os valores ausentes em R<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/nao-e\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Como usar a fun\u00e7\u00e3o is.na em R<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Voc\u00ea pode usar a seguinte sintaxe b\u00e1sica para interpolar valores ausentes em uma coluna do quadro de dados em R: library (dplyr) library (zoo) df &lt;- df %&gt;% mutate(column_name = na. approx (column_name)) O exemplo a seguir mostra como usar essa sintaxe na pr\u00e1tica. Exemplo: interpolar valores ausentes em R Suponha que temos o seguinte [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2475","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-guia"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Como interpolar valores ausentes em R (com exemplo) - Estatologia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Este tutorial explica como interpolar valores ausentes em R, com um exemplo.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/r-interpolar-valores-ausentes\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Como interpolar valores ausentes em R (com exemplo) - Estatologia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Este tutorial explica como interpolar valores ausentes em R, com um exemplo.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/r-interpolar-valores-ausentes\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Statorials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-07-22T02:52:07+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/imputer1.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Dr. benjamim anderson\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Dr. benjamim anderson\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tempo estimado de leitura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/r-interpolar-valores-ausentes\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/r-interpolar-valores-ausentes\/\",\"name\":\"Como interpolar valores ausentes em R (com exemplo) - Estatologia\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-07-22T02:52:07+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-22T02:52:07+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/e08f98e8db95e0aa9c310e1b27c9c666\"},\"description\":\"Este tutorial explica como interpolar valores ausentes em R, com um exemplo.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/r-interpolar-valores-ausentes\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/r-interpolar-valores-ausentes\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/r-interpolar-valores-ausentes\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Lar\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Como interpolar valores ausentes em r (incluindo um exemplo)\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/\",\"name\":\"Statorials\",\"description\":\"O seu guia para a literacia estat\u00edstica!\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/e08f98e8db95e0aa9c310e1b27c9c666\",\"name\":\"Dr. benjamim anderson\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dr.-Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dr.-Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Dr. benjamim anderson\"},\"description\":\"Ol\u00e1, sou Benjamin, um professor aposentado de estat\u00edstica que se tornou professor dedicado na Statorials. 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