{"id":2961,"date":"2023-07-19T21:36:32","date_gmt":"2023-07-19T21:36:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/r-histograma-de-cores-diferentes\/"},"modified":"2023-07-19T21:36:32","modified_gmt":"2023-07-19T21:36:32","slug":"r-histograma-de-cores-diferentes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/r-histograma-de-cores-diferentes\/","title":{"rendered":"Como criar um histograma com cores diferentes em r"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Muitas vezes voc\u00ea pode querer criar um histograma com diversas cores diferentes em R.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Os exemplos a seguir mostram como fazer isso em base R e <a href=\"https:\/\/ggplot2.tidyverse.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ggplot2<\/a> .<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Exemplo 1: histograma com cores diferentes na base R<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">O c\u00f3digo a seguir mostra como criar um histograma com uma \u00fanica cor na base R:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create data frame\n<\/span>df &lt;- data. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">frame<\/span> (x=c(12, 14, 14, 15, 15, 17, 19, 22, 23, 23, 24))\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create histogram\n<\/span>hist(df$x)\n<\/strong><\/span><\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-25673 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/couleur-differente1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"428\" height=\"435\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Por padr\u00e3o, todas as cores das barras s\u00e3o iguais no histograma.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Entretanto, podemos usar o seguinte c\u00f3digo para criar um histograma com tr\u00eas cores diferentes:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create data frame\n<\/span>df &lt;- data. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">frame<\/span> (x=c(12, 14, 14, 15, 15, 17, 19, 22, 23, 23, 24))\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#define histogram break points\n<\/span>hist_breaks &lt;- hist(df$x)$breaks\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#define colors to use in histogram based on break points\n<\/span>color_list &lt;- rep(' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">red<\/span> ', length(hist_breaks))\ncolor_list[hist_breaks &lt; <span style=\"color: #008000;\">20<\/span> ] &lt;- ' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">blue<\/span> '\ncolor_list[hist_breaks &lt; <span style=\"color: #008000;\">16<\/span> ] &lt;- ' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">purple<\/span> '\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create histogram with custom colors<\/span>\nhist(df$x, col=color_list)\n<\/strong><\/span><\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-25674 \" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/couleur-differente2.jpg\" alt=\"histograma com cores diferentes em R\" width=\"447\" height=\"441\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Veja como funcionou a l\u00f3gica para criar as tr\u00eas cores:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Primeiro, especificamos que cada barra era <strong>vermelha<\/strong> .<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Em seguida, alteramos todas as barras com um ponto de interrup\u00e7\u00e3o menor que 20 para <strong>azul<\/strong> .<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Em seguida, alteramos todas as barras com um ponto de interrup\u00e7\u00e3o menor que 16 para <strong>roxo<\/strong> .<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">O resultado final \u00e9 um histograma de tr\u00eas cores.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Exemplo 2: Histograma com cores diferentes no ggplot2<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Suponha que temos o seguinte quadro de dados em R:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create data frame\n<\/span>df &lt;- data. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">frame<\/span> (x=c(12, 14, 14, 15, 15, 17, 19, 22, 23, 23, 24))\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#view data frame<\/span>\ndf\n\n    x\n1 12\n2 14\n3 14\n4 15\n5 15\n6 17\n7 19\n8 22\n9 23\n10 23\n11 24\n<\/strong><\/span><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Para criar um histograma com cores diferentes para este quadro de dados, primeiro precisamos criar uma vari\u00e1vel de agrupamento para os valores usando uma <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/ifelse-em-r-aninhado\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">instru\u00e7\u00e3o if else aninhada<\/a> :<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create grouping variable\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">df$group = ifelse(df$x &lt; <span style=\"color: #008000;\">16<\/span> , ' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">C<\/span> ', ifelse(df$x &lt; <span style=\"color: #008000;\">20<\/span> , ' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">B<\/span> ', ' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">A<\/span> '))<\/span>\n<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#view updated data frame<\/span>\ndf\n\n    x group\n1 12 C\n2 14C\n3 14C\n4 15C\n5 15C\n6 17 B\n7 19 B\n8 22 A\n9 23 A\n10 23 A\n11 24 A<\/strong><\/span><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Agora podemos criar um histograma em ggplot2 e definir as cores no gr\u00e1fico usando a vari\u00e1vel de grupo:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create histogram with custom colors\n<\/span>ggplot(df, aes(x, fill=group)) +\n  geom_histogram(bins= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">6<\/span> , color=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">black<\/span> ') +\n   scale_fill_manual(values = c(' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">A<\/span> ' = ' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">red<\/span> ',\n                                ' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">B<\/span> ' = ' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">blue<\/span> ',\n                                ' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">C<\/span> ' = ' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">purple<\/span> '))\n<\/strong><\/span><\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-25675 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/couleur-differente3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"474\" height=\"478\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">O resultado final \u00e9 um histograma de tr\u00eas cores.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Nota<\/strong> : Voc\u00ea pode encontrar a documenta\u00e7\u00e3o completa para <b>scale_fill_manual()<\/b> <a href=\"https:\/\/ggplot2.tidyverse.org\/reference\/scale_manual.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">aqui<\/a> .<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Recursos adicionais<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Os tutoriais a seguir explicam como realizar outras opera\u00e7\u00f5es comuns em R:<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/histograma-de-frequencia-relativa-r\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Como criar um histograma de frequ\u00eancia relativa em R<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/sobrepor-a-curva-normal-do-histograma-em-r\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Como sobrepor uma curva normal em um histograma em R<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/r-histograma-salta\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Como especificar quebras de histograma em R<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Muitas vezes voc\u00ea pode querer criar um histograma com diversas cores diferentes em R. Os exemplos a seguir mostram como fazer isso em base R e ggplot2 . Exemplo 1: histograma com cores diferentes na base R O c\u00f3digo a seguir mostra como criar um histograma com uma \u00fanica cor na base R: #create data [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2961","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-guia"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Como criar um histograma com cores diferentes em R \u2013 Statorials<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Este tutorial explica como criar um histograma com cores diferentes em R, incluindo um exemplo em R base e ggplot2.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/r-histograma-de-cores-diferentes\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Como criar um histograma com cores diferentes em R \u2013 Statorials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Este tutorial explica como criar um histograma com cores diferentes em R, incluindo um exemplo em R base e ggplot2.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/r-histograma-de-cores-diferentes\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Statorials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-07-19T21:36:32+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/couleur-differente1.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Dr. benjamim anderson\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Dr. benjamim anderson\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tempo estimado de leitura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/r-histograma-de-cores-diferentes\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/r-histograma-de-cores-diferentes\/\",\"name\":\"Como criar um histograma com cores diferentes em R \u2013 Statorials\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-07-19T21:36:32+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-19T21:36:32+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/e08f98e8db95e0aa9c310e1b27c9c666\"},\"description\":\"Este tutorial explica como criar um histograma com cores diferentes em R, incluindo um exemplo em R base e ggplot2.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/r-histograma-de-cores-diferentes\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/r-histograma-de-cores-diferentes\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/r-histograma-de-cores-diferentes\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Lar\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Como criar um histograma com cores diferentes em r\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/\",\"name\":\"Statorials\",\"description\":\"O seu guia para a literacia estat\u00edstica!\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/e08f98e8db95e0aa9c310e1b27c9c666\",\"name\":\"Dr. benjamim anderson\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dr.-Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dr.-Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Dr. benjamim anderson\"},\"description\":\"Ol\u00e1, sou Benjamin, um professor aposentado de estat\u00edstica que se tornou professor dedicado na Statorials. 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