{"id":3510,"date":"2023-07-17T02:49:04","date_gmt":"2023-07-17T02:49:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/rotular-outliers-em-boxplots-ggplot2\/"},"modified":"2023-07-17T02:49:04","modified_gmt":"2023-07-17T02:49:04","slug":"rotular-outliers-em-boxplots-ggplot2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/rotular-outliers-em-boxplots-ggplot2\/","title":{"rendered":"Como rotular outliers em boxplots no ggplot2"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Este tutorial fornece um exemplo passo a passo de como rotular <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/remover-valores-discrepantes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">outliers<\/a> em boxplots no ggplot2.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Etapa 1: crie o quadro de dados<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Primeiro, vamos criar o seguinte quadro de dados que cont\u00e9m informa\u00e7\u00f5es sobre os pontos marcados por 60 jogadores de basquete diferentes em tr\u00eas times diferentes:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#make this example reproducible\n<\/span>set. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">seeds<\/span> (1)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create data frame\n<\/span>df &lt;- data. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">frame<\/span> (team=rep(c('A', 'B', 'C'), each= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">20<\/span> ),\n                 player=rep(LETTERS[1:20], times= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">3<\/span> ),\n                 points=round(rnorm(n=60, mean=30, sd=10), 2))\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#view head of data frame\n<\/span>head(df)\n\n  team player points\n1 AA 23.74\n2AB 31.84\n3 AC 21.64\n4AD 45.95\n5 AE 33.30\n6 FY 21.80\n<\/strong><\/span><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Nota<\/strong> : Usamos a fun\u00e7\u00e3o <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/definir-semente-em-r\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">set.seed()<\/a> para garantir que este exemplo seja reproduz\u00edvel.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h2> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Etapa 2: definir uma fun\u00e7\u00e3o para identificar valores discrepantes<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">No ggplot2, uma observa\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 definida como outlier se atender a um dos dois requisitos a seguir:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">A observa\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 1,5 vezes o intervalo interquartil abaixo do primeiro quartil (Q1)<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">A observa\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 1,5 vezes o intervalo interquartil acima do terceiro quartil (Q3).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Podemos criar a seguinte fun\u00e7\u00e3o em R para rotular as observa\u00e7\u00f5es como outliers se elas atenderem a um destes dois requisitos:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">find_outlier &lt;- <span style=\"color: #008000;\">function<\/span> (x) {\n  <span style=\"color: #008000;\">return<\/span> (x &lt; quantile(x, .25) - 1.5*IQR(x) | x &gt; quantile(x, .75) + 1.5*IQR(x))\n}\n<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Relacionado:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/como-interpretar-o-intervalo-interquartil\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Como interpretar o intervalo interquartil<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h2> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Etapa 3: rotular valores discrepantes em boxplots em ggplot2<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Ent\u00e3o podemos usar o seguinte c\u00f3digo para rotular outliers em boxplots em ggplot2:<\/span><\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\">library<\/span> (ggplot2)\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\">library<\/span> (dplyr)\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">\n#add new column to data frame that indicates if each observation is an outlier\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">df &lt;- df %&gt;%\n        group_by(team) %&gt;%\n        mutate(outlier = ifelse(find_outlier(points), points, NA))<\/span>\n\n#create box plot of points by team and label outliers\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">ggplot(df, aes(x=team, y=points)) +\n  geom_boxplot() +\n  geom_text(aes(label=outlier), na. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">rm<\/span> = <span style=\"color: #008000;\">TRUE<\/span> , hjust= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">-.5<\/span> )<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong> <\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29209\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/valeur-aberrante1.jpg\" alt=\"rotular outliers em boxplots em ggplot2\" width=\"467\" height=\"467\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Observe que dois outliers est\u00e3o rotulados no gr\u00e1fico.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">O primeiro outlier \u00e9 um jogador do Time A que marcou <strong>7,85<\/strong> pontos e o outro outlier \u00e9 um jogador do Time B que marcou <strong>10,11<\/strong> pontos.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Observe que tamb\u00e9m poder\u00edamos usar uma vari\u00e1vel diferente para rotular esses valores discrepantes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Por exemplo, poder\u00edamos trocar os <strong>pontos<\/strong> do <strong>jogador<\/strong> na fun\u00e7\u00e3o <strong>mutate()<\/strong> para rotular outliers com base no nome do jogador:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\">library<\/span> (ggplot2)\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\">library<\/span> (dplyr)\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">\n#add new column to data frame that indicates if each observation is an outlier\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">df &lt;- df %&gt;%\n        group_by(team) %&gt;%\n        mutate(outlier = ifelse(find_outlier(points), player, NA))\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create box plot of points by team and label outliers\n<\/span>ggplot(df, aes(x=team, y=points)) +\n  geom_boxplot() +\n  geom_text(aes(label=outlier), na. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">rm<\/span> = <span style=\"color: #008000;\">TRUE<\/span> , hjust= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">-.5<\/span> )<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong> <\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-29210 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/valeur-aberrante2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"479\" height=\"487\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">O valor discrepante do time A agora tem um r\u00f3tulo <strong>N<\/strong> e o valor discrepante do time B agora tem um r\u00f3tulo <strong>D<\/strong> , pois representam os nomes dos jogadores que possuem valores discrepantes para pontos.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Nota<\/strong> : O argumento <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/hjust-vjust-ggplot2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hjust<\/a> em <strong>geom_text()<\/strong> \u00e9 usado para empurrar o r\u00f3tulo horizontalmente para a direita para que n\u00e3o se sobreponha ao ponto do gr\u00e1fico.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Recursos adicionais<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Os tutoriais a seguir explicam como realizar outras tarefas comuns no ggplot2:<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/tamanho-da-fonte-ggplot\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Como alterar o tamanho da fonte no ggplot2<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/remover-legenda-do-ggplot2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Como remover uma legenda no ggplot2<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/girar-rotulos-de-eixo-ggplot2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Como girar r\u00f3tulos de eixo no ggplot2<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Este tutorial fornece um exemplo passo a passo de como rotular outliers em boxplots no ggplot2. Etapa 1: crie o quadro de dados Primeiro, vamos criar o seguinte quadro de dados que cont\u00e9m informa\u00e7\u00f5es sobre os pontos marcados por 60 jogadores de basquete diferentes em tr\u00eas times diferentes: #make this example reproducible set. seeds (1) [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3510","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-guia"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Como rotular outliers em boxplots no ggplot2 \u2013 Statorials<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Este tutorial explica como rotular outliers em boxplots no ggplot2, com v\u00e1rios exemplos.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/rotular-outliers-em-boxplots-ggplot2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Como rotular outliers em boxplots no ggplot2 \u2013 Statorials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Este tutorial explica como rotular outliers em boxplots no ggplot2, com v\u00e1rios exemplos.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/rotular-outliers-em-boxplots-ggplot2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Statorials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-07-17T02:49:04+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/valeur-aberrante1.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Dr. benjamim anderson\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Dr. benjamim anderson\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tempo estimado de leitura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/rotular-outliers-em-boxplots-ggplot2\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/rotular-outliers-em-boxplots-ggplot2\/\",\"name\":\"Como rotular outliers em boxplots no ggplot2 \u2013 Statorials\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-07-17T02:49:04+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-17T02:49:04+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/e08f98e8db95e0aa9c310e1b27c9c666\"},\"description\":\"Este tutorial explica como rotular outliers em boxplots no ggplot2, com v\u00e1rios exemplos.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/rotular-outliers-em-boxplots-ggplot2\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/rotular-outliers-em-boxplots-ggplot2\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/rotular-outliers-em-boxplots-ggplot2\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Lar\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Como rotular outliers em boxplots no ggplot2\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/\",\"name\":\"Statorials\",\"description\":\"O seu guia para a literacia estat\u00edstica!\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/e08f98e8db95e0aa9c310e1b27c9c666\",\"name\":\"Dr. benjamim anderson\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dr.-Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dr.-Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Dr. benjamim anderson\"},\"description\":\"Ol\u00e1, sou Benjamin, um professor aposentado de estat\u00edstica que se tornou professor dedicado na Statorials. 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