{"id":3982,"date":"2023-07-14T09:06:35","date_gmt":"2023-07-14T09:06:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/histograma-ggplot2-por-grupo\/"},"modified":"2023-07-14T09:06:35","modified_gmt":"2023-07-14T09:06:35","slug":"histograma-ggplot2-por-grupo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/histograma-ggplot2-por-grupo\/","title":{"rendered":"Como criar histogramas por grupo em ggplot2 (com exemplo)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Voc\u00ea pode usar a seguinte sintaxe b\u00e1sica para criar um histograma de grupo no ggplot2:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong>ggplot(df, aes(x=values_var, fill=group_var)) +\n  geom_histogram(color=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">black<\/span> ', alpha= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">0.4<\/span> , position=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">identity<\/span> ') +\n  scale_fill_manual(values=c(' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">red<\/span> ', ' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">blue<\/span> ', ' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">purple<\/span> '))\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Este exemplo espec\u00edfico cria um gr\u00e1fico com tr\u00eas histogramas sobrepostos de vermelho, azul e roxo.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">O exemplo a seguir mostra como usar essa sintaxe na pr\u00e1tica.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Exemplo: crie um histograma por grupo em ggplot2<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Suponha que temos o seguinte quadro de dados em R que cont\u00e9m informa\u00e7\u00f5es sobre os pontos marcados por jogadores de basquete de tr\u00eas times diferentes:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#make this example reproducible\n<\/span>set. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">seeds<\/span> (1)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create data frame\n<\/span>df &lt;- data. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">frame<\/span> (team=rep(c(' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">A<\/span> ', ' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">B<\/span> ', ' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">C<\/span> '), each=100),\n                 points=c(rnorm(100, mean=10),\n                          rnorm(100, mean=15),\n                          rnorm(100, mean=20)))\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#view head of data frame\n<\/span>head(df)\n\n  team points\n1 A 9.373546\n2 A 10.183643\n3 A 9.164371\n4 A 11.595281\n5 A 10.329508\n6 A 9.179532<\/strong><\/span><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Podemos usar o c\u00f3digo a seguir para criar histogramas que mostram a distribui\u00e7\u00e3o dos pontos marcados por cada uma das tr\u00eas equipes:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #008000;\">library<\/span> (ggplot2)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create histogram by team\n<\/span>ggplot(df, aes(x=points, fill=team)) +\n  geom_histogram(color=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">black<\/span> ', alpha= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">0.4<\/span> , position=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">identity<\/span> ') +\n  scale_fill_manual(values=c(' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">red<\/span> ', ' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">blue<\/span> ', ' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">purple<\/span> '))<\/strong><\/span> <\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-31891 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/histbygroup1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"589\" height=\"429\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Os tr\u00eas histogramas representam a distribui\u00e7\u00e3o dos pontos marcados pelos jogadores de cada equipe.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">A legenda do lado direito do gr\u00e1fico mostra qual cor corresponde a cada equipe.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Observe que o argumento <strong>color<\/strong> especifica a cor do contorno das barras em cada histograma e o argumento <strong>alfa<\/strong> especifica a transpar\u00eancia (entre 0 e 1) a ser usada para as barras.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Ao definir o valor <strong>alfa<\/strong> para menos de 1, podemos ver as barras sobrepostas entre os histogramas.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Sinta-se \u00e0 vontade para usar a fun\u00e7\u00e3o <strong>labs()<\/strong> para modificar os r\u00f3tulos no gr\u00e1fico e escolher um <a href=\"https:\/\/ggplot2.tidyverse.org\/reference\/ggtheme.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">tema ggplot2<\/a> que se adapte ao seu estilo:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #008000;\">library<\/span> (ggplot2)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create histogram by team\n<\/span>ggplot(df, aes(x=points, fill=team)) +\n  geom_histogram(color=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">black<\/span> ', alpha= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">0.4<\/span> , position=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">identity<\/span> ') +\n  scale_fill_manual(values=c(' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">red<\/span> ', ' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">blue<\/span> ', ' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">purple<\/span> ')) +\n  labs(fill=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Team<\/span> ', x=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Points Scored<\/span> ', y=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Count<\/span> ', title=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Points Scored by Team<\/span> ') +\n  theme_classic()<\/strong><\/span> <\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-31892\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/histbygroup2.jpg\" alt=\"Histograma ggplot2 por grupo\" width=\"596\" height=\"435\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<h2> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Recursos adicionais<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Os tutoriais a seguir explicam como realizar outras tarefas comuns em R:<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/histograma-de-frequencia-relativa-r\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Como criar um histograma de frequ\u00eancia relativa em R<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/multiplos-boxplots-r\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Como plotar v\u00e1rios boxplots em um \u00fanico gr\u00e1fico em R<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/como-tracar-multiplas-linhas-de-series-de-dados-em-um-grafico-em-r\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Como tra\u00e7ar m\u00faltiplas linhas em um gr\u00e1fico em R<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Voc\u00ea pode usar a seguinte sintaxe b\u00e1sica para criar um histograma de grupo no ggplot2: ggplot(df, aes(x=values_var, fill=group_var)) + geom_histogram(color=&#8217; black &#8216;, alpha= 0.4 , position=&#8217; identity &#8216;) + scale_fill_manual(values=c(&#8216; red &#8216;, &#8216; blue &#8216;, &#8216; purple &#8216;)) Este exemplo espec\u00edfico cria um gr\u00e1fico com tr\u00eas histogramas sobrepostos de vermelho, azul e roxo. O exemplo [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3982","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-guia"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Como criar histogramas por grupo no ggplot2 (com exemplo) - Estatologia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Este tutorial explica como criar um histograma por grupo no ggplot2, com um exemplo.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/histograma-ggplot2-por-grupo\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Como criar histogramas por grupo no ggplot2 (com exemplo) - Estatologia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Este tutorial explica como criar um histograma por grupo no ggplot2, com um exemplo.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/histograma-ggplot2-por-grupo\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Statorials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-07-14T09:06:35+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/histbygroup1.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Dr. benjamim anderson\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Dr. benjamim anderson\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tempo estimado de leitura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/histograma-ggplot2-por-grupo\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/histograma-ggplot2-por-grupo\/\",\"name\":\"Como criar histogramas por grupo no ggplot2 (com exemplo) - Estatologia\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-07-14T09:06:35+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-14T09:06:35+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/e08f98e8db95e0aa9c310e1b27c9c666\"},\"description\":\"Este tutorial explica como criar um histograma por grupo no ggplot2, com um exemplo.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/histograma-ggplot2-por-grupo\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/histograma-ggplot2-por-grupo\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/histograma-ggplot2-por-grupo\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Lar\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Como criar histogramas por grupo em ggplot2 (com exemplo)\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/\",\"name\":\"Statorials\",\"description\":\"O seu guia para a literacia estat\u00edstica!\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/e08f98e8db95e0aa9c310e1b27c9c666\",\"name\":\"Dr. benjamim anderson\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dr.-Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dr.-Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Dr. benjamim anderson\"},\"description\":\"Ol\u00e1, sou Benjamin, um professor aposentado de estat\u00edstica que se tornou professor dedicado na Statorials. 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