{"id":3989,"date":"2023-07-14T07:58:17","date_gmt":"2023-07-14T07:58:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/setas-ggplot\/"},"modified":"2023-07-14T07:58:17","modified_gmt":"2023-07-14T07:58:17","slug":"setas-ggplot","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/setas-ggplot\/","title":{"rendered":"Como desenhar setas no ggplot2 (com exemplos)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Voc\u00ea pode usar a seguinte sintaxe b\u00e1sica para desenhar uma seta em um gr\u00e1fico no ggplot2:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008000;\">library<\/span> (ggplot2)\n\nggplot(df, aes(x=x, y=y)) +\n  geom_point() +\n  geom_segment(aes(x= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">5<\/span> , y= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">6<\/span> , xend= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">8<\/span> , yend= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">9<\/span> ), arrow = arrow(length=unit( <span style=\"color: #008000;\">0.5<\/span> , ' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">cm<\/span> ')))\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Aqui est\u00e1 o que cada argumento faz na fun\u00e7\u00e3o <strong>geom_segment()<\/strong> :<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>x<\/strong> : O valor x para come\u00e7ar<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>y<\/strong> : O valor y para come\u00e7ar<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>xend<\/strong> : O valor x para terminar em<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>yend<\/strong> : O valor de y para terminar em<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>seta<\/strong> : O comprimento da ponta da seta<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">O exemplo a seguir mostra como desenhar uma seta usando ggplot2 na pr\u00e1tica.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Exemplo: desenhando setas no ggplot2<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Suponha que temos o seguinte banco de dados contendo informa\u00e7\u00f5es sobre o n\u00famero de pontos marcados e rebotes coletados por v\u00e1rios jogadores de basquete:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create data frame\n<\/span>df &lt;- data. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">frame<\/span> (points=c(3, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 9, 8, 5),\n                 rebounds=c(2, 6, 5, 5, 8, 5, 9, 9, 8, 6))\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#view data frame\n<\/span>df\n\n   rebound points\n1 3 2\n2 3 6\n3 5 5\n4 6 5\n5 7 8\n6 8 5\n7 9 9\n8 9 9\n9 8 8\n10 5 6<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Podemos usar a seguinte sintaxe para criar um gr\u00e1fico de dispers\u00e3o em ggplot2 e adicionar uma seta em um local espec\u00edfico do gr\u00e1fico:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008000;\">library<\/span> (ggplot2)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create scatterplot and add arrow\n<\/span>ggplot(df, aes(x=points, y=rebounds)) +\n  geom_point() +\n  geom_segment(aes(x= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">5<\/span> , y= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">6<\/span> , xend= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">8<\/span> , yend= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">9<\/span> ), arrow = arrow(length=unit( <span style=\"color: #008000;\">.5<\/span> , ' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">cm<\/span> ')))<\/strong> <\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-31935\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/fleche1.jpg\" alt=\"desenhe uma seta no ggplot2\" width=\"560\" height=\"441\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Sinta-se \u00e0 vontade para alterar o valor na fun\u00e7\u00e3o <strong>arrow()<\/strong> para aumentar ou diminuir o tamanho da ponta da seta.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Por exemplo, o c\u00f3digo a seguir mostra como aumentar o tamanho:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008000;\">library<\/span> (ggplot2)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create scatterplot and add arrow with increased arrow head size\n<\/span>ggplot(df, aes(x=points, y=rebounds)) +\n  geom_point() +\n  geom_segment(aes(x= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">5<\/span> , y= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">6<\/span> , xend= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">8<\/span> , yend= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">9<\/span> ), arrow = arrow(length=unit( <span style=\"color: #008000;\">2<\/span> , ' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">cm<\/span> ')))<\/strong> <\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-31936 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/fleche2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"550\" height=\"431\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Voc\u00ea tamb\u00e9m pode usar os argumentos <strong>color<\/strong> e <strong>lwd<\/strong> para alterar a cor e a largura da linha da seta, respectivamente:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008000;\">library<\/span> (ggplot2)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create scatterplot and add customized arrow\n<\/span>ggplot(df, aes(x=points, y=rebounds)) +\n  geom_point() +\n  geom_segment(aes(x= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">5<\/span> , y= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">6<\/span> , xend= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">8<\/span> , yend= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">9<\/span> ), arrow = arrow(length=unit( <span style=\"color: #008000;\">.5<\/span> , ' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">cm<\/span> ')),\n               color=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">red<\/span> ', lwd= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">3<\/span> )<\/strong> <\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-31937 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/fleche3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"565\" height=\"440\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Sinta-se \u00e0 vontade para brincar com os diferentes argumentos da fun\u00e7\u00e3o <strong>geom_segment()<\/strong> para criar uma seta exatamente como voc\u00ea deseja.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Recursos adicionais<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Os tutoriais a seguir explicam como realizar outras tarefas comuns no ggplot2:<\/span><\/p>\n<p> Como remover linhas de grade no ggplot2<br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/area-sombreada-ggplot2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Como sombrear uma \u00e1rea no ggplot2<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/ggplot-altera-rotulos-do-eixo-x\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Como alterar os r\u00f3tulos do eixo X no ggplot2<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Voc\u00ea pode usar a seguinte sintaxe b\u00e1sica para desenhar uma seta em um gr\u00e1fico no ggplot2: library (ggplot2) ggplot(df, aes(x=x, y=y)) + geom_point() + geom_segment(aes(x= 5 , y= 6 , xend= 8 , yend= 9 ), arrow = arrow(length=unit( 0.5 , &#8216; cm &#8216;))) Aqui est\u00e1 o que cada argumento faz na fun\u00e7\u00e3o geom_segment() : [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3989","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-guia"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Como desenhar setas no ggplot2 (com exemplos) \u2013 Estatologia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Este tutorial explica como desenhar setas em um gr\u00e1fico no ggplot2, com um exemplo.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/setas-ggplot\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Como desenhar setas no ggplot2 (com exemplos) \u2013 Estatologia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Este tutorial explica como desenhar setas em um gr\u00e1fico no ggplot2, com um exemplo.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/setas-ggplot\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Statorials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-07-14T07:58:17+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/fleche1.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Dr. benjamim anderson\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Dr. benjamim anderson\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tempo estimado de leitura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/setas-ggplot\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/setas-ggplot\/\",\"name\":\"Como desenhar setas no ggplot2 (com exemplos) \u2013 Estatologia\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-07-14T07:58:17+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-14T07:58:17+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/e08f98e8db95e0aa9c310e1b27c9c666\"},\"description\":\"Este tutorial explica como desenhar setas em um gr\u00e1fico no ggplot2, com um exemplo.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/setas-ggplot\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/setas-ggplot\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/setas-ggplot\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Lar\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Como desenhar setas no ggplot2 (com exemplos)\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/\",\"name\":\"Statorials\",\"description\":\"O seu guia para a literacia estat\u00edstica!\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/e08f98e8db95e0aa9c310e1b27c9c666\",\"name\":\"Dr. benjamim anderson\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dr.-Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dr.-Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Dr. benjamim anderson\"},\"description\":\"Ol\u00e1, sou Benjamin, um professor aposentado de estat\u00edstica que se tornou professor dedicado na Statorials. 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