{"id":4028,"date":"2023-07-14T02:08:23","date_gmt":"2023-07-14T02:08:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/mtexto-em-r\/"},"modified":"2023-07-14T02:08:23","modified_gmt":"2023-07-14T02:08:23","slug":"mtexto-em-r","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/mtexto-em-r\/","title":{"rendered":"Como usar a fun\u00e7\u00e3o mtext em r (com exemplos)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Voc\u00ea pode usar a fun\u00e7\u00e3o <strong>mtext()<\/strong> em R para escrever texto nas margens de um gr\u00e1fico.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Esta fun\u00e7\u00e3o usa a seguinte sintaxe b\u00e1sica:<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>mtext(texto, lado=3, linha=0,\u2026)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Ouro:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>text<\/strong> : O texto a ser escrito<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>lado<\/strong> : O lado do caminho no qual escrever o texto (1=inferior, 2=esquerda, 3=superior, 4=direita)<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>line<\/strong> : A linha de margem a ser usada (valores negativos empurrar\u00e3o o texto para dentro do caminho)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Os exemplos a seguir mostram como usar a fun\u00e7\u00e3o <strong>mtext()<\/strong> na pr\u00e1tica com o seguinte quadro de dados em R:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create data frame\n<\/span>df &lt;- data. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">frame<\/span> (x=c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7),\n                 y=c(3, 4, 4, 8, 6, 10, 14))\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#view data frame\n<\/span>df\n\n  xy\n1 1 3\n2 2 4\n3 3 4\n4 4 8\n5 5 6\n6 6 10\n7 7 14<\/strong><\/pre>\n<h2> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Exemplo 1: Adicione um elemento de texto fora do caminho<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">O c\u00f3digo a seguir mostra como usar <strong>mtext()<\/strong> para adicionar um elemento de texto acima do gr\u00e1fico:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create scatterplot\n<\/span>plot(df$x, df$y)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#add text above plot\n<\/span>mtext(\" <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Here is some text<\/span> \")\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-32178 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/textem1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"458\" height=\"432\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Observe que o texto &#8220;Aqui est\u00e1 um texto&#8221; foi adicionado acima do gr\u00e1fico.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Exemplo 2: Adicione v\u00e1rios elementos de texto fora do caminho<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">O c\u00f3digo a seguir mostra como usar a fun\u00e7\u00e3o <strong>mtext()<\/strong> v\u00e1rias vezes para adicionar elementos de texto a cada lado do gr\u00e1fico:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create scatterplot\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">plot(df$x, df$y)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#add text on each side of plot\n<\/span>mtext(\" <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Text on the bottom<\/span> \", side= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">1<\/span> )\nmtext(\" <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Text on the left<\/span> \", side= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">2<\/span> )\nmtext(\" <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Text on the top<\/span> \", side= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">3<\/span> )\nmtext(\" <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Text on the right<\/span> \", side= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">4<\/span> )\n<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-32179 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/textem2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"524\" height=\"479\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Usando a fun\u00e7\u00e3o <strong>mtext()<\/strong><\/span> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">v\u00e1rias vezes, podemos adicionar v\u00e1rios elementos de texto fora do gr\u00e1fico.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Exemplo 3: Adicione um elemento de texto personalizado fora do caminho<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Tamb\u00e9m podemos usar os argumentos <strong>line<\/strong> , <strong>cex<\/strong> e <strong>col<\/strong> em <strong>mtext()<\/strong> para alterar a localiza\u00e7\u00e3o, tamanho e cor do elemento de texto, respectivamente.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Por exemplo, o c\u00f3digo a seguir mostra como adicionar texto logo no topo do caminho com um tamanho de fonte aumentado e uma cor azul:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create scatterplot\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\">plot(df$x, df$y)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#add customized text inside top of plot\n<\/span>mtext(\" <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Text on the top<\/span> \", side= <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">3<\/span> , line= <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">-3<\/span> , cex= <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">3<\/span> , col=' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">blue<\/span> ')<\/span><\/span><\/strong> <\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-32180 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/mtext3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"492\" height=\"442\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Sinta-se \u00e0 vontade para brincar com os diferentes argumentos da fun\u00e7\u00e3o <strong>mtext()<\/strong> para gerar o texto exato que voc\u00ea deseja em seu gr\u00e1fico.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Recursos adicionais<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Os tutoriais a seguir explicam como usar outras fun\u00e7\u00f5es comuns em R:<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/lenda-fora-do-enredo-r\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Como desenhar uma legenda fora de um gr\u00e1fico em R<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/posicao-da-legenda\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Como alterar a posi\u00e7\u00e3o da legenda em gr\u00e1ficos R b\u00e1sicos<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/r-imprime-string-e-variavel\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Como imprimir uma string e uma vari\u00e1vel na mesma linha em R<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Voc\u00ea pode usar a fun\u00e7\u00e3o mtext() em R para escrever texto nas margens de um gr\u00e1fico. Esta fun\u00e7\u00e3o usa a seguinte sintaxe b\u00e1sica: mtext(texto, lado=3, linha=0,\u2026) Ouro: text : O texto a ser escrito lado : O lado do caminho no qual escrever o texto (1=inferior, 2=esquerda, 3=superior, 4=direita) line : A linha de margem [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4028","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-guia"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Como usar a fun\u00e7\u00e3o mtext em R (com exemplos) \u2013 Statorials<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Este tutorial explica como usar a fun\u00e7\u00e3o mtext() em R, com v\u00e1rios exemplos.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/mtexto-em-r\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Como usar a fun\u00e7\u00e3o mtext em R (com exemplos) \u2013 Statorials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Este tutorial explica como usar a fun\u00e7\u00e3o mtext() em R, com v\u00e1rios exemplos.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/mtexto-em-r\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Statorials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-07-14T02:08:23+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/textem1.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Dr. benjamim anderson\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Dr. benjamim anderson\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tempo estimado de leitura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/mtexto-em-r\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/mtexto-em-r\/\",\"name\":\"Como usar a fun\u00e7\u00e3o mtext em R (com exemplos) \u2013 Statorials\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-07-14T02:08:23+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-14T02:08:23+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/e08f98e8db95e0aa9c310e1b27c9c666\"},\"description\":\"Este tutorial explica como usar a fun\u00e7\u00e3o mtext() em R, com v\u00e1rios exemplos.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/mtexto-em-r\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/mtexto-em-r\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/mtexto-em-r\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Lar\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Como usar a fun\u00e7\u00e3o mtext em r (com exemplos)\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/\",\"name\":\"Statorials\",\"description\":\"O seu guia para a literacia estat\u00edstica!\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/e08f98e8db95e0aa9c310e1b27c9c666\",\"name\":\"Dr. benjamim anderson\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dr.-Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dr.-Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Dr. benjamim anderson\"},\"description\":\"Ol\u00e1, sou Benjamin, um professor aposentado de estat\u00edstica que se tornou professor dedicado na Statorials. 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