{"id":456,"date":"2023-07-29T20:32:53","date_gmt":"2023-07-29T20:32:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/tracar-a-distribuicao-normal-r\/"},"modified":"2023-07-29T20:32:53","modified_gmt":"2023-07-29T20:32:53","slug":"tracar-a-distribuicao-normal-r","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/tracar-a-distribuicao-normal-r\/","title":{"rendered":"Como tra\u00e7ar uma distribui\u00e7\u00e3o normal em r"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Para tra\u00e7ar uma <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/a-distribuicao-normal\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">distribui\u00e7\u00e3o normal<\/a> em R, podemos usar a base R ou instalar um pacote mais sofisticado como ggplot2.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2> <strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">UsandoBaseR<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Aqui est\u00e3o tr\u00eas exemplos de cria\u00e7\u00e3o de um gr\u00e1fico de distribui\u00e7\u00e3o normal usando Base R.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Exemplo 1: distribui\u00e7\u00e3o normal com m\u00e9dia = 0 e desvio padr\u00e3o = 1<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Para criar um gr\u00e1fico de distribui\u00e7\u00e3o normal com m\u00e9dia = 0 e desvio padr\u00e3o = 1, podemos usar o seguinte c\u00f3digo:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #e5e5e5; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#Create a sequence of 100 equally spaced numbers between -4 and 4<\/span>\nx &lt;- seq(-4, 4, length=100)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create a vector of values that shows the height of the probability distribution<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#for each value in x<\/span>\ny &lt;- dnorm(x)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#plot x and y as a scatterplot with connected lines (type = \"l\") and add<\/span>\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#an x-axis with custom labels<\/span>\nplot(x,y, type = \"l\", lwd = 2, axes = FALSE, xlab = \"\", ylab = \"\")\naxis(1, at = -3:3, labels = c(\"-3s\", \"-2s\", \"-1s\", \"mean\", \"1s\", \"2s\", \"3s\"))<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Isso gera o seguinte gr\u00e1fico:<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Exemplo 2: Distribui\u00e7\u00e3o normal com m\u00e9dia = 0 e desvio padr\u00e3o = 1 (menos c\u00f3digo)<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Tamb\u00e9m poder\u00edamos criar um gr\u00e1fico de distribui\u00e7\u00e3o normal sem definir <em>x<\/em> e <em>y<\/em> e simplesmente usando a fun\u00e7\u00e3o &#8220;curva&#8221; usando o seguinte c\u00f3digo:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #e5e5e5; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong>curve(dnorm, -3.5, 3.5, lwd=2, axes = FALSE, xlab = \"\", ylab = \"\")\naxis(1, at = -3:3, labels = c(\"-3s\", \"-2s\", \"-1s\", \"mean\", \"1s\", \"2s\", \"3s\"))<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Isso gera exatamente o mesmo gr\u00e1fico:<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Exemplo 3: Distribui\u00e7\u00e3o Normal com M\u00e9dia Personalizada e Desvio Padr\u00e3o<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Para criar um gr\u00e1fico de distribui\u00e7\u00e3o normal com m\u00e9dia e desvio padr\u00e3o definidos pelo usu\u00e1rio, podemos usar o seguinte c\u00f3digo:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #e5e5e5; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#define population mean and standard deviation<\/span>\npopulation_mean &lt;- 50\npopulation_sd &lt;- 5\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#define upper and lower bound\n<\/span>lower_bound &lt;- population_mean - population_sd\nupper_bound &lt;- population_mean + population_sd\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#Create a sequence of 1000 x values based on population mean and standard deviation<\/span>\nx &lt;- seq(-4, 4, length = 1000) * population_sd + population_mean\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create a vector of values that shows the height of the probability distribution\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#for each value in x<\/span>\ny &lt;- dnorm(x, population_mean, population_sd)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#plot normal distribution with customized x-axis labels\n<\/span>plot(x,y, type = \"l\", lwd = 2, axes = FALSE, xlab = \"\", ylab = \"\")\nsd_axis_bounds = 5\naxis_bounds &lt;- seq(-sd_axis_bounds * population_sd + population_mean,\n                    sd_axis_bounds * population_sd + population_mean,\n                    by = population_sd)\naxis(side = 1, at = axis_bounds, pos = 0)<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Isso gera o seguinte gr\u00e1fico:<\/span><\/p>\n<h2> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Usando ggplot2<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Outra maneira de criar um gr\u00e1fico de distribui\u00e7\u00e3o normal em R \u00e9 usar o pacote ggplot2. Aqui est\u00e3o dois exemplos de cria\u00e7\u00e3o de um gr\u00e1fico de distribui\u00e7\u00e3o normal usando ggplot2.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Exemplo 1: distribui\u00e7\u00e3o normal com m\u00e9dia = 0 e desvio padr\u00e3o = 1<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Para criar um gr\u00e1fico de distribui\u00e7\u00e3o normal com m\u00e9dia = 0 e desvio padr\u00e3o = 1, podemos usar o seguinte c\u00f3digo:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #e5e5e5; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#install (if not already installed) and load ggplot2<\/span>\nif(!(require(ggplot2))){install.packages('ggplot2')}\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#generate a normal distribution plot\n<\/span>ggplot(data.frame(x = c(-4, 4)), aes(x = x)) +\nstat_function(fun = dnorm)<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Isso gera o seguinte gr\u00e1fico:<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Exemplo 2: distribui\u00e7\u00e3o normal usando conjunto de dados &#8216;mtcars&#8217;<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">O c\u00f3digo a seguir demonstra como criar uma distribui\u00e7\u00e3o normal para a coluna <em>de milhas por gal\u00e3o<\/em> no conjunto de dados R incorporado <em>mtcars<\/em> :<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #e5e5e5; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong>ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg)) +\nstat_function(\nfun = dnorm,\nargs = with(mtcars, c(mean = mean(mpg), sd = sd(mpg)))\n) +\nscale_x_continuous(\"Miles per gallon\")<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Isso gera o seguinte gr\u00e1fico:<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Para tra\u00e7ar uma distribui\u00e7\u00e3o normal em R, podemos usar a base R ou instalar um pacote mais sofisticado como ggplot2. UsandoBaseR Aqui est\u00e3o tr\u00eas exemplos de cria\u00e7\u00e3o de um gr\u00e1fico de distribui\u00e7\u00e3o normal usando Base R. Exemplo 1: distribui\u00e7\u00e3o normal com m\u00e9dia = 0 e desvio padr\u00e3o = 1 Para criar um gr\u00e1fico de distribui\u00e7\u00e3o [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-456","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-guia"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Como tra\u00e7ar uma distribui\u00e7\u00e3o normal em R - Estatologia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Este tutorial simples explica como tra\u00e7ar uma distribui\u00e7\u00e3o normal em R usando base R e ggplot2.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/tracar-a-distribuicao-normal-r\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Como tra\u00e7ar uma distribui\u00e7\u00e3o normal em R - Estatologia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Este tutorial simples explica como tra\u00e7ar uma distribui\u00e7\u00e3o normal em R usando base R e ggplot2.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/tracar-a-distribuicao-normal-r\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Statorials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-07-29T20:32:53+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Dr. benjamim anderson\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Dr. benjamim anderson\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tempo estimado de leitura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/tracar-a-distribuicao-normal-r\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/tracar-a-distribuicao-normal-r\/\",\"name\":\"Como tra\u00e7ar uma distribui\u00e7\u00e3o normal em R - Estatologia\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-07-29T20:32:53+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-29T20:32:53+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/e08f98e8db95e0aa9c310e1b27c9c666\"},\"description\":\"Este tutorial simples explica como tra\u00e7ar uma distribui\u00e7\u00e3o normal em R usando base R e ggplot2.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/tracar-a-distribuicao-normal-r\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/tracar-a-distribuicao-normal-r\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/tracar-a-distribuicao-normal-r\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Lar\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Como tra\u00e7ar uma distribui\u00e7\u00e3o normal em r\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/\",\"name\":\"Statorials\",\"description\":\"O seu guia para a literacia estat\u00edstica!\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/e08f98e8db95e0aa9c310e1b27c9c666\",\"name\":\"Dr. benjamim anderson\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dr.-Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dr.-Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Dr. benjamim anderson\"},\"description\":\"Ol\u00e1, sou Benjamin, um professor aposentado de estat\u00edstica que se tornou professor dedicado na Statorials. 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