{"id":565,"date":"2023-07-29T11:50:27","date_gmt":"2023-07-29T11:50:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/valores-discrepantes-interquartis\/"},"modified":"2023-07-29T11:50:27","modified_gmt":"2023-07-29T11:50:27","slug":"valores-discrepantes-interquartis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/valores-discrepantes-interquartis\/","title":{"rendered":"O intervalo interquartil (iqr) \u00e9 afetado por valores discrepantes?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Nas estat\u00edsticas, muitas vezes queremos saber at\u00e9 que ponto os valores est\u00e3o \u201cdispersos\u201d em uma distribui\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Uma forma popular de medir o spread \u00e9 <strong>o intervalo interquartil<\/strong> , que \u00e9 calculado como a diferen\u00e7a entre o primeiro quartil e o terceiro quartil de um conjunto de dados. Quartis s\u00e3o simplesmente valores que dividem um conjunto de dados em quatro partes iguais.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Exemplo: C\u00e1lculo do intervalo interquartil<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">O exemplo a seguir mostra como calcular o intervalo interquartil para um determinado conjunto de dados:<\/span> <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-534 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/examen_scores1.jpg\" sizes=\"auto, \" srcset=\"\" alt=\"Vari\u00e2ncia e desvio padr\u00e3o de um conjunto de dados\" width=\"148\" height=\"450\"><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Passo 1: Organize os valores do menor para o maior.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">58, 66, 71, 73, 74, 77, 78, 82, 84, 85, 88, 88, 88, 90, 90, 92, 92, 94, 96, 98<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>2. Encontre a mediana.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">58, 66, 71, 73, 74, <strong>77<\/strong> <strong>,<\/strong> 78, 82, 84, 85, 88, 88, 88, 90, 90, 92, 92, 94, 96, 98<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Neste caso, a mediana est\u00e1 entre 85 e 88.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>3. A mediana divide o conjunto de dados em duas metades. A mediana da metade inferior \u00e9 o quartil inferior e a mediana da metade superior \u00e9 o quartil superior:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">58, 66, 71, 73, <strong>74<\/strong> , 77, 78, 82, 84, 85, 88, 88, 88, 90, 90, 92, 92, 94, 96,<\/span> <span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>98<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>4. Calcule o intervalo interquartil.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Nesse caso, o primeiro quartil \u00e9 a m\u00e9dia dos dois valores intermedi\u00e1rios na metade inferior do conjunto de dados (75,5) e o terceiro quartil \u00e9 a m\u00e9dia dos dois valores intermedi\u00e1rios na metade superior do conjunto de dados (91).<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Portanto, o intervalo interquartil \u00e9 91 \u2013 75,5 = <strong>15,5<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<h2> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>O intervalo interquartil n\u00e3o \u00e9 afetado por valores discrepantes<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Uma das raz\u00f5es pelas quais as pessoas preferem usar o intervalo interquartil (IQR) ao calcular o \u201cspread\u201d de um conjunto de dados \u00e9 que ele \u00e9 robusto a valores discrepantes. Como o IQR \u00e9 simplesmente o intervalo intermedi\u00e1rio de 50% dos valores dos dados, ele n\u00e3o \u00e9 afetado por<a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/como-os-outliers-afetam-a-media\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">valores discrepantes extremos<\/a> .<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Para demonstrar isso, considere o seguinte conjunto de dados:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">[1, 4, 8, 11, 13, 17, 17, 20]<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Aqui est\u00e3o as diferentes m\u00e9tricas de propaga\u00e7\u00e3o para este conjunto de dados:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Intervalo interquartil: 11<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Alcance: 19<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Desvio padr\u00e3o: 6,26<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Diferen\u00e7a: 39,23<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Agora considere o mesmo conjunto de dados, mas com um valor discrepante extremo adicionado:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">[1, 4, 8, 11, 13, 17, 17, 20, <strong>150<\/strong> ]<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Aqui est\u00e3o as diferentes m\u00e9tricas de propaga\u00e7\u00e3o para este conjunto de dados:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Intervalo interquartil: 12,5<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Alcance: 149<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Desvio padr\u00e3o: 43,96<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Spread: 1.932,84<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Observe como o intervalo interquartil muda apenas ligeiramente, de 11 para 12,5. Contudo, todas as outras medidas de dispers\u00e3o mudam dramaticamente.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Isto demonstra que o intervalo interquartil n\u00e3o \u00e9 afetado por valores discrepantes como outras medidas de dispers\u00e3o. Por esse motivo, \u00e9 uma forma confi\u00e1vel de medir a distribui\u00e7\u00e3o dos 50% intermedi\u00e1rios dos valores em qualquer distribui\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Leitura adicional:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Medi\u00e7\u00f5es de dispers\u00e3o<br \/> Calculadora de intervalo interquartil<br \/><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nas estat\u00edsticas, muitas vezes queremos saber at\u00e9 que ponto os valores est\u00e3o \u201cdispersos\u201d em uma distribui\u00e7\u00e3o. Uma forma popular de medir o spread \u00e9 o intervalo interquartil , que \u00e9 calculado como a diferen\u00e7a entre o primeiro quartil e o terceiro quartil de um conjunto de dados. Quartis s\u00e3o simplesmente valores que dividem um conjunto [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-565","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-guia"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>O intervalo interquartil (IQR) \u00e9 afetado por valores discrepantes? - Statorials<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Uma explica\u00e7\u00e3o simples de por que o intervalo interquartil n\u00e3o \u00e9 afetado pela presen\u00e7a de valores discrepantes em um conjunto de dados.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/valores-discrepantes-interquartis\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"O intervalo interquartil (IQR) \u00e9 afetado por valores discrepantes? - Statorials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Uma explica\u00e7\u00e3o simples de por que o intervalo interquartil n\u00e3o \u00e9 afetado pela presen\u00e7a de valores discrepantes em um conjunto de dados.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/valores-discrepantes-interquartis\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Statorials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-07-29T11:50:27+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/examen_scores1.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Dr. benjamim anderson\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Dr. benjamim anderson\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tempo estimado de leitura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/valores-discrepantes-interquartis\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/valores-discrepantes-interquartis\/\",\"name\":\"O intervalo interquartil (IQR) \u00e9 afetado por valores discrepantes? - Statorials\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-07-29T11:50:27+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-29T11:50:27+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/e08f98e8db95e0aa9c310e1b27c9c666\"},\"description\":\"Uma explica\u00e7\u00e3o simples de por que o intervalo interquartil n\u00e3o \u00e9 afetado pela presen\u00e7a de valores discrepantes em um conjunto de dados.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/valores-discrepantes-interquartis\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/valores-discrepantes-interquartis\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/valores-discrepantes-interquartis\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Lar\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"O intervalo interquartil (iqr) \u00e9 afetado por valores discrepantes?\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/\",\"name\":\"Statorials\",\"description\":\"O seu guia para a literacia estat\u00edstica!\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/e08f98e8db95e0aa9c310e1b27c9c666\",\"name\":\"Dr. benjamim anderson\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-PT\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dr.-Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dr.-Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Dr. benjamim anderson\"},\"description\":\"Ol\u00e1, sou Benjamin, um professor aposentado de estat\u00edstica que se tornou professor dedicado na Statorials. 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