{"id":837,"date":"2023-07-28T14:20:58","date_gmt":"2023-07-28T14:20:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/mapa-de-calor-python\/"},"modified":"2023-07-28T14:20:58","modified_gmt":"2023-07-28T14:20:58","slug":"mapa-de-calor-python","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/pt\/mapa-de-calor-python\/","title":{"rendered":"Como criar facilmente mapas de calor em python"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Suponha que temos o seguinte conjunto de dados em Python que exibe o n\u00famero de vendas feitas por uma determinada loja em cada dia da semana durante cinco semanas:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #107d3f;\">import<\/span> numpy <span style=\"color: #107d3f;\">as<\/span> np\n<span style=\"color: #107d3f;\">import <span style=\"color: #000000;\">pandas<\/span> as <span style=\"color: #000000;\">pd<\/span> \nimport<\/span> seaborn <span style=\"color: #107d3f;\">as<\/span> sns\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create a dataset<\/span>\nnp.random.seed(0)\ndata = {'day': np.tile(['Mon', 'Tue', 'Wed', 'Thur', 'Fri'], 5),\n        'week': np.repeat([1, 2, 3, 4, 5], 5),\n        'sales': np.random.randint(0, 50, size=25)\n        }\n\ndf = pd.DataFrame(data,columns=['day','week','sales'])\ndf = df.pivot('day', 'week', 'sales')\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">view first ten rows of dataset\n<\/span>df[:10]\n\nweek 1 2 3 4 5\nday\t\t\t\t\t\nFri 3 36 12 46 13\nMy 44 39 23 1 24\nThursday 3 21 24 23 25\nKills 47 9 6 38 17\nWed 0 19 24 39 37\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Crie um mapa de calor b\u00e1sico<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Podemos criar um mapa de calor b\u00e1sico usando a fun\u00e7\u00e3o <strong>ns.heatmap()<\/strong> :<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>sns.heatmap(df)<\/strong><\/span> <\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9253 \" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/heatmap_python1.png\" alt=\"Mapa de calor em Python\" width=\"400\" height=\"296\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">A barra de cores do lado direito exibe uma legenda indicando os valores representados pelas diferentes cores.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Adicione linhas ao mapa de calor<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Voc\u00ea pode adicionar linhas entre quadrados no mapa de calor usando o argumento <strong>linewidths<\/strong> :<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>sns.heatmap(df, linewidths=.5)<\/strong><\/span> <\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9255 \" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/heatmap_python2.png\" alt=\"Mapa de calor do Python marinho\" width=\"402\" height=\"294\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Adicione anota\u00e7\u00f5es ao mapa de calor<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Voc\u00ea tamb\u00e9m pode adicionar anota\u00e7\u00f5es ao mapa de calor usando o argumento <strong>annot=True<\/strong> :<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>sns.heatmap(df, linewidths=.5, annot=True)<\/strong><\/span> <\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9256 \" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/heatmap_python3.png\" alt=\"Mapa de calor anotado em Python\" width=\"401\" height=\"293\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Ocultar barra de cores do mapa de calor<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Voc\u00ea tamb\u00e9m pode ocultar totalmente a barra de cores usando a op\u00e7\u00e3o <strong>cbar=False<\/strong> :<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>sns.heatmap(df, linewidths=.5, annot=True, cbar=False)<\/strong><\/span> <\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9257 \" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/heatmap_python4.png\" alt=\"Exemplo de mapa de calor em Python\" width=\"399\" height=\"274\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Alterar tema de cor do mapa de calor<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Voc\u00ea tamb\u00e9m pode alterar o tema de cores usando o argumento <strong>cmap<\/strong> . Por exemplo, voc\u00ea pode definir as cores para variar do amarelo ao verde e ao azul:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong>sns.heatmap(df, cmap='YlGnBu')\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9258 \" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/heatmap_python5.png\" alt=\"Mapa de calor Python\" width=\"403\" height=\"287\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Ou voc\u00ea pode mudar as cores do vermelho para o azul:<\/span> <\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong>sns.heatmap(df, cmap='RdBu')<\/strong> <\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9259 \" src=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/heatmap_python6.png\" alt=\"mapa de calor com cmap diferente em Python\" width=\"400\" height=\"292\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><em>Para obter uma lista completa de paletas de cores, consulte a <a href=\"https:\/\/matplotlib.org\/3.1.0\/tutorials\/colors\/colormaps.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">documenta\u00e7\u00e3o do matplotlib<\/a> .<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Suponha que temos o seguinte conjunto de dados em Python que exibe o n\u00famero de vendas feitas por uma determinada loja em cada dia da semana durante cinco semanas: import numpy as np import pandas as pd import seaborn as sns #create a dataset np.random.seed(0) data = {&#8216;day&#8217;: np.tile([&#8216;Mon&#8217;, &#8216;Tue&#8217;, &#8216;Wed&#8217;, &#8216;Thur&#8217;, &#8216;Fri&#8217;], 5), &#8216;week&#8217;: [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-837","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-guia"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.5 - 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