{"id":495,"date":"2023-07-29T17:13:41","date_gmt":"2023-07-29T17:13:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/ru\/%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%bd%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%80%d1%82%d0%bd%d0%be%d0%b5-%d0%be%d1%82%d0%ba%d0%bb%d0%be%d0%bd%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%b5-%d0%b2-r\/"},"modified":"2023-07-29T17:13:41","modified_gmt":"2023-07-29T17:13:41","slug":"%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%bd%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%80%d1%82%d0%bd%d0%be%d0%b5-%d0%be%d1%82%d0%ba%d0%bb%d0%be%d0%bd%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%b5-%d0%b2-r","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/ru\/%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%bd%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%80%d1%82%d0%bd%d0%be%d0%b5-%d0%be%d1%82%d0%ba%d0%bb%d0%be%d0%bd%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%b5-%d0%b2-r\/","title":{"rendered":"\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 r (\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0412\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0432 R:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong>sd(x)\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0435:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u221a <span style=\"border-top: 1px solid black;\">\u03a3 (x <sub>i<\/sub> \u2013 \u00b5) <sup>2<\/sup> \/ (n-1)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0417\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043e:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u03a3<\/strong> : \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0443\u0434\u043b\u0438\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b, \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u00ab\u0441\u0443\u043c\u043c\u0430\u00bb.<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>x <sub>i<\/sub><\/strong> : <sup>i-\u0435<\/sup> \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u03bc<\/strong> : \u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445.<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>n:<\/strong> \u0420\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0438<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u044d\u0442\u0443 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 1. \u0412\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430.<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0432 R:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #e5e5e5; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create dataset\n<\/span>data &lt;- c(1, 3, 4, 6, 11, 14, 17, 20, 22, 23)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#find standard deviation\n<\/span>sd(data)\n\n[1] 8.279157<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u044b \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c <strong>na.rm = TRUE<\/strong> \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #e5e5e5; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create dataset with missing values\n<\/span>data &lt;- c(1, 3, 4, 6, NA, 14, NA, 20, 22, 23)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#attempt to find standard deviation\n<\/span>sd(data)\n\n[1] NA\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#find standard deviation and specify to ignore missing values<\/span>\nsd(data, na. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">rm<\/span> = <span style=\"color: #008000;\">TRUE<\/span> )\n\n[1] 9.179753\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 2. \u0412\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u0430 \u0432\u043e \u0444\u0440\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445.<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u0430 \u0432\u043e \u0444\u0440\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #e5e5e5; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create data frame\n<\/span>data &lt;- data. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">frame<\/span> (a=c(1, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9),\n                   b=c(7, 8, 8, 7, 13, 16),\n                   c=c(11, 13, 13, 18, 19, 22),\n                   d=c(12, 16, 18, 22, 29, 38))\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#find standard deviation of column a\n<\/span>sd(data$a)\n\n[1] 3.060501\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 3. \u0412\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u043e\u0432 \u0432\u043e \u0444\u0440\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445.<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u043e\u0432 \u0432\u043e \u0444\u0440\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #e5e5e5; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create data frame\n<\/span>data &lt;- data. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">frame<\/span> (a=c(1, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9),\n                   b=c(7, 8, 8, 7, 13, 16),\n                   c=c(11, 13, 13, 18, 19, 22),\n                   d=c(12, 16, 18, 22, 29, 38))\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#find standard deviation of specific columns in data frame\n<\/span>apply(data[, c(' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">a<\/span> ', ' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">c<\/span> ', ' <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">d<\/span> ')], 2, sd)\n\n       acd\n3.060501 4.289522 9.544632<\/strong><\/pre>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0414\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u044b<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/ru\/\u043f\u043b\u044f\u0436-\u0432-\u0440\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u041a\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043d \u0432 R<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/ru\/\u0434\u0438\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f-r\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044e \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 R<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/ru\/\u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c-\u0432\u044b\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b-r\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b \u0432 R<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0412\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0432 R: sd(x) \u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0435: \u221a \u03a3 (x i \u2013 \u00b5) 2 \/ (n-1) \u0417\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043e: \u03a3 : \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0443\u0434\u043b\u0438\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b, \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u00ab\u0441\u0443\u043c\u043c\u0430\u00bb. x i : i-\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u03bc : \u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445. n: [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-495","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-11"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 R (\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438)<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u043a\u0430\u043a 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