{"id":1626,"date":"2023-07-25T14:55:46","date_gmt":"2023-07-25T14:55:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/tr\/binom-guven-araligi-r\/"},"modified":"2023-07-25T14:55:46","modified_gmt":"2023-07-25T14:55:46","slug":"binom-guven-araligi-r","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/tr\/binom-guven-araligi-r\/","title":{"rendered":"R&#39;de binom g\u00fcven aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 nas\u0131l hesaplan\u0131r"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Binom olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in g\u00fcven aral\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong> a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki form\u00fcl kullan\u0131larak hesaplan\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>G\u00fcven aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 = p<\/strong> <strong>+\/- z*(\u221a <span style=\"text-decoration: overline;\">p(1-p) \/ n<\/span> )<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Alt\u0131n:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>p:<\/strong> \u201cba\u015far\u0131lar\u0131n\u201d oran\u0131<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>z:<\/strong> se\u00e7ilen z de\u011feri<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>n:<\/strong> \u00f6rneklem b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z z de\u011feri se\u00e7ti\u011finiz g\u00fcven d\u00fczeyine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tabloda en yayg\u0131n g\u00fcven d\u00fczeyi se\u00e7eneklerine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen z de\u011feri g\u00f6sterilmektedir:<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: center;\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Bir g\u00fcven d\u00fczeyi<\/strong><\/span><\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: center;\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>z de\u011feri<\/strong><\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">0,90<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">1.645<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">0,95<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">1.96<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">0,99<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">2.58<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00d6rne\u011fin, bir il\u00e7ede belirli bir yasay\u0131 destekleyen sakinlerin oran\u0131n\u0131 tahmin etmek istedi\u011fimizi varsayal\u0131m. 100 sakinden rastgele bir \u00f6rnek se\u00e7iyoruz ve bunlar\u0131n 56&#8217;s\u0131n\u0131n yasadan yana oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Bu e\u011fitimde, yasay\u0131 destekleyen \u00fclke genelindeki sakinlerin ger\u00e7ek oran\u0131na ili\u015fkin g\u00fcven aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hesaplaman\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7 farkl\u0131 yolu a\u00e7\u0131klanmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Y\u00f6ntem 1: prop.test() i\u015flevini kullan\u0131n<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Binom %95 g\u00fcven aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hesaplaman\u0131n bir yolu R taban\u0131nda <strong>prop.test()<\/strong> fonksiyonunu kullanmakt\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#calculate 95% confidence interval\n<\/span>prop. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">test<\/span> (x=56, n=100, conf. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">level<\/span> =.95, correct= <span style=\"color: #008000;\">FALSE<\/span> )\n\n\n\t1-sample proportions test without continuity correction\n\ndata: 56 out of 100, null probability 0.5\nX-squared = 1.44, df = 1, p-value = 0.2301\nalternative hypothesis: true p is not equal to 0.5\n95 percent confidence interval:\n 0.4622810 0.6532797\nsample estimates:\n   p \n0.56 \n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Yasay\u0131 destekleyen il\u00e7e sakinlerinin ger\u00e7ek oran\u0131 i\u00e7in %95 GA <strong>[0,46228, 0,65328]<\/strong> \u015feklindedir.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Y\u00f6ntem 2: binconf() i\u015flevini kullan\u0131n<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">G\u00fcven aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hesaplaman\u0131n ba\u015fka bir yolu da <strong>Hmisc<\/strong> paketindeki <strong>binconf()<\/strong> i\u015flevini kullanmakt\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #993300;\">library<\/span> (Hmisc)<\/span>\n\n#calculate 95% confidence interval\n<\/span>binconf(x=56, n=100, alpha=.05)\n\n PointEast Lower Upper\n     0.56 0.462281 0.6532797\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Bu g\u00fcven aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nceki \u00f6rnekte hesaplanana kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k geldi\u011fini unutmay\u0131n.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Y\u00f6ntem 3: G\u00fcven aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 manuel olarak hesaplay\u0131n<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">R&#8217;de binom %95 g\u00fcven aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hesaplaman\u0131n ba\u015fka bir yolu da bunu manuel olarak yapmakt\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#define proportion\n<\/span>p &lt;- 56\/100\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#define significance level\n<\/span>a &lt;- .05\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#calculate 95% confidence interval\n<\/span>p + c(- <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">qnorm<\/span> (1-a\/2), <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">qnorm<\/span> (1-a\/2))* <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">sqrt<\/span> ((1\/100)*p*(1-p))\n\n[1] 0.4627099 0.6572901<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Burada <strong>qnorm()<\/strong> i\u015flevi hakk\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi edinebilirsiniz: <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/tr\/rde-dnorm-pnorm-rnorm-qnorm\/\">R&#8217;de dnorm, pnorm, qnorm ve rnorm i\u00e7in bir k\u0131lavuz<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Ek kaynaklar<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/tr\/binom-testi-r\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R&#8217;de binom testi nas\u0131l yap\u0131l\u0131r<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/tr\/binom-dagilimini-cizin-r\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R&#8217;de binom da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 nas\u0131l \u00e7izilir<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Binom olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in g\u00fcven aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki form\u00fcl kullan\u0131larak hesaplan\u0131r: G\u00fcven aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 = p +\/- z*(\u221a p(1-p) \/ n ) Alt\u0131n: p: \u201cba\u015far\u0131lar\u0131n\u201d oran\u0131 z: se\u00e7ilen z de\u011feri n: \u00f6rneklem b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z z de\u011feri se\u00e7ti\u011finiz g\u00fcven d\u00fczeyine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tabloda en yayg\u0131n g\u00fcven d\u00fczeyi se\u00e7eneklerine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen z de\u011feri g\u00f6sterilmektedir: Bir g\u00fcven d\u00fczeyi z de\u011feri 0,90 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1626","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-rehber"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>R&#039;de binom g\u00fcven aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 nas\u0131l hesaplan\u0131r<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Bu e\u011fitimde R&#039;de binom g\u00fcven aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l hesaplanaca\u011f\u0131 birka\u00e7 \u00f6rnekle a\u00e7\u0131klanmaktad\u0131r.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, 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