Nokta grafi\u011fi,<\/strong> x ekseni boyunca bireysel veri de\u011ferlerini g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler ve her bir de\u011ferin frekanslar\u0131n\u0131 temsil etmek i\u00e7in noktalar\u0131 kullan\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n Histogram,<\/strong> x ekseni boyunca veri aral\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler ve her aral\u0131\u011fa ait de\u011ferlerin frekanslar\u0131n\u0131 temsil etmek i\u00e7in dikd\u00f6rtgen \u00e7ubuklar kullan\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00f6rnek, ayn\u0131 veri k\u00fcmesi i\u00e7in nokta grafi\u011finin ve histogram\u0131n nas\u0131l olu\u015fturulaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir.<\/span><\/p>\n 18 de\u011fere sahip a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki veri k\u00fcmesine sahip oldu\u011fumuzu varsayal\u0131m:<\/span><\/p>\n Veri:<\/strong> 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 7, 8, 10<\/span><\/p>\n Bu veri seti i\u00e7in nokta grafi\u011fi \u015fu \u015fekilde g\u00f6r\u00fcnecektir:<\/span> <\/p>\n X ekseni bireysel veri de\u011ferlerini, y ekseni ise her de\u011ferin s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir.<\/span><\/p>\n \u00d6rne\u011fin “2” de\u011ferinin \u00fcst\u00fcnde \u00fc\u00e7 nokta oldu\u011fundan veri setinde \u00fc\u00e7 kez g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6rebiliriz. Benzer \u015fekilde “3” de\u011ferinin de \u00fcst\u00fcnde tek bir nokta oldu\u011fundan yaln\u0131zca bir kez g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz.<\/span><\/p>\n Bu veri k\u00fcmesinin histogram\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle g\u00f6r\u00fcnecektir:<\/span> <\/p>\n D\u00fczenli.<\/span><\/p>\n \u00d6rne\u011fin yedi de\u011ferin 0 ile 2 aras\u0131nda, iki de\u011ferin 2 ile 4 aras\u0131nda oldu\u011funu vb. g\u00f6rebiliriz.<\/span><\/p>\n Bonus<\/strong> : Merak edenler i\u00e7in yukar\u0131da g\u00f6sterilen nokta grafi\u011fini ve histogram\u0131 olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki R kodunu kulland\u0131k:<\/span><\/p>\n Daha \u00f6nce de belirtildi\u011fi gibi, bir veri k\u00fcmesindeki de\u011ferlerin da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rselle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in nokta grafi\u011fi ve histogram kullan\u0131labilir.<\/span><\/p>\n Genel bir kural olarak, veri setimiz k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck oldu\u011funda genellikle nokta grafiklerini kullan\u0131r\u0131z<\/strong> \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu, her bir de\u011ferin tam olarak ka\u00e7 kez g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6rmemize olanak tan\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n Bunun tersine, veri setimiz b\u00fcy\u00fck oldu\u011funda genellikle histogramlar\u0131 kullan\u0131r\u0131z<\/strong> \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc b\u00fcy\u00fck bir veri setindeki her bir de\u011feri temsil edecek bir nokta olu\u015fturmak s\u0131k\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n Histogram kullanman\u0131n tek dezavantaj\u0131n\u0131n, her bir de\u011ferin ka\u00e7 kez g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc tam olarak s\u00f6yleyemememiz oldu\u011funu unutmay\u0131n.<\/span><\/p>\n \u00d6rne\u011fin \u00f6nceki histogramda 7 de\u011ferin 0 ile 2 aras\u0131nda oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fck ancak ka\u00e7 de\u011ferin 1, ka\u00e7 de\u011ferin 2 oldu\u011funu tam olarak bilmiyoruz.<\/span> <\/p>\n Sadece bir da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n genel “\u015feklini” anlamak istiyorsak, bir veri k\u00fcmesinin bireysel de\u011ferlerini bilmememiz genellikle \u00f6nemli de\u011fildir.<\/span><\/p>\n Ayr\u0131ca, tek tek de\u011ferleri bilmedi\u011fimiz i\u00e7in sadece histograma bakarak tam medyan\u0131 veya ortalamay\u0131 hesaplayamayaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 unutmay\u0131n.<\/span><\/p>\n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki e\u011fitimler histogramlar hakk\u0131nda ek bilgi sa\u011flar:<\/span><\/p>\n Ortalama ve medyan histogramlar nas\u0131l tahmin edilir?<\/a> A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki e\u011fitimler nokta grafikleri hakk\u0131nda ek bilgi sa\u011flar:<\/span><\/p>\n Nokta grafi\u011finin merkezi ve yay\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 nas\u0131l bulunur?<\/a> Bir veri k\u00fcmesindeki de\u011ferlerin da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rselle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan iki grafik nokta grafikleri ve histogramlard\u0131r . Nokta grafi\u011fi, x ekseni boyunca bireysel veri de\u011ferlerini g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler ve her bir de\u011ferin frekanslar\u0131n\u0131 temsil etmek i\u00e7in noktalar\u0131 kullan\u0131r. Histogram, x ekseni boyunca veri aral\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler ve her aral\u0131\u011fa ait de\u011ferlerin frekanslar\u0131n\u0131 temsil etmek i\u00e7in dikd\u00f6rtgen \u00e7ubuklar kullan\u0131r. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2315","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-rehber"],"yoast_head":"\n \u00d6rnek: Ayn\u0131 Veri K\u00fcmesi i\u00e7in Nokta Grafi\u011fi ve Histogram Olu\u015fturma<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/pointhist1.png\")
<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/pointhist2.png\")
<\/p>\n #define dataset\n<\/span>data <- c(1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 7, 8, 10)\n\n#create dot plot\n<\/span>stripchart(data, method = \"stack\", offset = .5, at = 0, pch = 19, cex=5,\n col = \"steelblue\", main = \"Dot Plot\",\n xlab = \"Data Values\", ylab=\"Frequency\")\n\n#create histogram\n<\/span>hist(data, col='steelblue', main='Histogram', xlab='Data Values')\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n Nokta Grafi\u011fi veya Histogram: Hangisini Kullanmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z?<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
<\/p>\n Ek kaynaklar<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
Histogramlar\u0131n \u015fekli nas\u0131l tan\u0131mlan\u0131r?<\/a>
R’de histogramlar nas\u0131l olu\u015fturulur<\/a>
Python’da Histogram Nas\u0131l Olu\u015fturulur<\/a><\/p>\n
Google E-Tablolarda Nokta Grafi\u011fi Nas\u0131l Olu\u015fturulur<\/a>
Excel’de Nokta Grafi\u011fi Nas\u0131l Olu\u015fturulur<\/a>
R’de Nokta Grafi\u011fi Nas\u0131l Olu\u015fturulur<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"