{"id":2513,"date":"2023-07-21T23:01:41","date_gmt":"2023-07-21T23:01:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/tr\/rde-wald-testi\/"},"modified":"2023-07-21T23:01:41","modified_gmt":"2023-07-21T23:01:41","slug":"rde-wald-testi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/tr\/rde-wald-testi\/","title":{"rendered":"R&#39;de wald testi nas\u0131l yap\u0131l\u0131r"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Bir modelin bir veya daha fazla parametresinin belirli de\u011ferlere e\u015fit olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 test etmek i\u00e7in <strong>Wald testi<\/strong> kullan\u0131labilir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Bu test genellikle bir <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/tr\/coklu-dogrusal-regresyon\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">regresyon modelindeki<\/a> bir veya daha fazla yorday\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fkenin s\u0131f\u0131ra e\u015fit olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Bu test i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki bo\u015f ve alternatif <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/tr\/hipotez-testi-1\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hipotezleri<\/a> kullan\u0131yoruz:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>H <sub>0<\/sub><\/strong> : Baz\u0131 yorday\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fken k\u00fcmelerinin t\u00fcm\u00fc s\u0131f\u0131ra e\u015fittir.<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>H <sub>A<\/sub><\/strong> : K\u00fcmedeki yorday\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fkenlerin t\u00fcm\u00fc s\u0131f\u0131ra e\u015fit de\u011fildir.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">S\u0131f\u0131r hipotezini reddetmeyi ba\u015faramazsak, model uyumunda istatistiksel olarak anlaml\u0131 bir iyile\u015fme sa\u011flamad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in belirtilen yorday\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fkenler k\u00fcmesini modelden kald\u0131rabiliriz.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00f6rnek, R&#8217;de Wald testinin nas\u0131l ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilece\u011fini g\u00f6sterir.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u00d6rnek: R&#8217;de Wald testi<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Bu \u00f6rnekte, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00e7oklu do\u011frusal regresyon modeline uyacak \u015fekilde R&#8217;de yerle\u015fik <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/tr\/mtcars-r-veri-kumesi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">mtcars<\/a> veri k\u00fcmesini kullanaca\u011f\u0131z:<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">mpg = \u03b2 <sub>0<\/sub> + \u03b2 <sub>1<\/sub> mevcut + \u03b2 <sub>2<\/sub> karbonhidrat + \u03b2 <sub>3<\/sub> hp + \u03b2 <sub>4<\/sub> silindir<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki kod, bu regresyon modelinin nas\u0131l s\u0131\u011fd\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve model \u00f6zetinin nas\u0131l g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenece\u011fini g\u00f6sterir:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#fit regression model\n<\/span>model &lt;- lm(mpg ~ disp + carb + hp + cyl, data = mtcars)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#view model summary\n<\/span>summary(model)\n\nCall:\nlm(formula = mpg ~ disp + carb + hp + cyl, data = mtcars)\n\nResiduals:\n    Min 1Q Median 3Q Max \n-5.0761 -1.5752 -0.2051 1.0745 6.3047 \n\nCoefficients:\n             Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(&gt;|t|)    \n(Intercept) 34.021595 2.523397 13.482 1.65e-13 ***\navailable -0.026906 0.011309 -2.379 0.0247 *  \ncarb -0.926863 0.578882 -1.601 0.1210    \nhp 0.009349 0.020701 0.452 0.6551    \ncyl -1.048523 0.783910 -1.338 0.1922    \n---\nSignificant. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1\n\nResidual standard error: 2.973 on 27 degrees of freedom\nMultiple R-squared: 0.788, Adjusted R-squared: 0.7566 \nF-statistic: 25.09 on 4 and 27 DF, p-value: 9.354e-09<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Daha sonra, &#8220;hp&#8221; ve &#8220;cyl&#8221; \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcc\u00fc de\u011fi\u015fkenlerinin regresyon katsay\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n her ikisinin de s\u0131f\u0131ra e\u015fit olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 test etmek i\u00e7in <strong>aod<\/strong> paketindeki <strong>wald.test()<\/strong> fonksiyonunu kullanabiliriz.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Bu i\u015flev a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki temel s\u00f6zdizimini kullan\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>wald.test(Sigma, b, \u015eartlar)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Alt\u0131n:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Sigma<\/strong> : Regresyon modelinin varyans-kovaryans matrisi<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>b<\/strong> : Modelin regresyon katsay\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n bir vekt\u00f6r\u00fc<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Terimler<\/strong> : Test edilecek katsay\u0131lar\u0131 belirten bir vekt\u00f6r<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki kod bu i\u015flevin pratikte nas\u0131l kullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\">library<\/span> (aod)<\/span>\n\n#perform Wald Test to determine if 3rd and 4th predictor variables are both zero\n<\/span>wald. <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">test<\/span> (Sigma = vcov(model), b = coef(model), Terms = 3:4)\n\nWald test:\n----------\n\nChi-squared test:\nX2 = 3.6, df = 2, P(&gt;X2) = 0.16\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Sonu\u00e7tan testin <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/tr\/p-degerleri-istatistiksel-anlamlilik\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">p de\u011ferinin<\/a> 0,16 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Bu p de\u011feri 0,05&#8217;ten k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in Wald testinin s\u0131f\u0131r hipotezini reddedemiyoruz.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Bu, yorday\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fkenler &#8220;hp&#8221; ve &#8220;cyl&#8221; i\u00e7in regresyon katsay\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n her ikisinin de s\u0131f\u0131ra e\u015fit oldu\u011funu varsayabilece\u011fimiz anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Bu terimleri modelden kald\u0131rabiliriz \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bunlar genel model uyumunu istatistiksel olarak anlaml\u0131 bir \u015fekilde iyile\u015ftirmezler.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Ek kaynaklar<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki e\u011fitimlerde R&#8217;de di\u011fer yayg\u0131n i\u015flemlerin nas\u0131l ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilece\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131klanmaktad\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/tr\/rde-basit-dogrusal-regresyon\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R&#8217;de basit do\u011frusal regresyon nas\u0131l ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/tr\/coklu-dogrusal-regresyon-r\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R&#8217;de \u00e7oklu do\u011frusal regresyon nas\u0131l ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/tr\/rdeki-regresyon-ciktisini-yorumla\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R&#8217;de regresyon \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131s\u0131 nas\u0131l yorumlan\u0131r<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/tr\/varyans-enflasyon-faktoru-r\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R&#8217;de Varyans Enflasyon Fakt\u00f6r\u00fc (VIF) nas\u0131l hesaplan\u0131r?<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bir modelin bir veya daha fazla parametresinin belirli de\u011ferlere e\u015fit olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 test etmek i\u00e7in Wald testi kullan\u0131labilir. Bu test genellikle bir regresyon modelindeki bir veya daha fazla yorday\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fkenin s\u0131f\u0131ra e\u015fit olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu test i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki bo\u015f ve alternatif hipotezleri kullan\u0131yoruz: H 0 : Baz\u0131 yorday\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fken k\u00fcmelerinin t\u00fcm\u00fc s\u0131f\u0131ra [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2513","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-rehber"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>R - Statorialsde Wald testi nas\u0131l yap\u0131l\u0131r<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Bu e\u011fitimde R&#039;de Wald testinin nas\u0131l ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilece\u011fi bir \u00f6rnekle a\u00e7\u0131klanmaktad\u0131r.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/tr\/rde-wald-testi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"R - Statorialsde Wald testi nas\u0131l yap\u0131l\u0131r\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Bu e\u011fitimde R&#039;de Wald testinin nas\u0131l ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilece\u011fi bir \u00f6rnekle a\u00e7\u0131klanmaktad\u0131r.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/tr\/rde-wald-testi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Statorials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-07-21T23:01:41+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Dr.benjamin anderson\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Yazan:\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Dr.benjamin anderson\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 dakika\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/tr\/rde-wald-testi\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/tr\/rde-wald-testi\/\",\"name\":\"R - Statorialsde Wald testi nas\u0131l yap\u0131l\u0131r\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/tr\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-07-21T23:01:41+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-21T23:01:41+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/tr\/#\/schema\/person\/365dc158a39a7c8ae256355451e3de48\"},\"description\":\"Bu e\u011fitimde R&#39;de Wald testinin nas\u0131l ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilece\u011fi bir \u00f6rnekle a\u00e7\u0131klanmaktad\u0131r.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/tr\/rde-wald-testi\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/tr\/rde-wald-testi\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/tr\/rde-wald-testi\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Ev\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/tr\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"R&#39;de wald testi nas\u0131l yap\u0131l\u0131r\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/tr\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/tr\/\",\"name\":\"Statorials\",\"description\":\"\u0130statistik okuryazarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 rehberiniz!\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/tr\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"tr\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/tr\/#\/schema\/person\/365dc158a39a7c8ae256355451e3de48\",\"name\":\"Dr.benjamin anderson\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/tr\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dr.-Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Dr.-Benjamin-Anderson-96x96.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Dr.benjamin anderson\"},\"description\":\"Merhaba, ben Benjamin, emekli bir istatistik profes\u00f6r\u00fc ve Statorials \u00f6\u011fretmenine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcm. \u0130statistik alan\u0131ndaki kapsaml\u0131 deneyimim ve uzmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131mla, \u00f6\u011frencilerimi Statorials arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmek i\u00e7in bilgilerimi payla\u015fmaya can at\u0131yorum. 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