Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar tipik olarak pop\u00fclasyondaki bireylerden rastgele bir \u00f6rnek<\/a> alarak ve \u00f6rnekteki ka\u00e7 ki\u015finin belirli bir \u00f6zelli\u011fe sahip oldu\u011funu sayarak yayg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7er.<\/span> <\/p>\n \u00d6rne\u011fin, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n belirli bir \u015fehirdeki X hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yayg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamak istediklerini varsayal\u0131m.<\/span><\/p>\n Bunu hesaplamak i\u00e7in \u015fehirden 5.000 ki\u015fiden olu\u015fan rastgele bir \u00f6rnek toplayabilirler ve \u00f6rnekteki bireylerden 120’sinin X hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na sahip oldu\u011funu bulabilirler.<\/span><\/p>\n Daha sonra X hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n prevalans\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015fekilde hesaplanacakt\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\n Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, s\u00f6z konusu \u015fehirde o d\u00f6nemde X Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 yayg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n 0,024<\/strong> veya %2,4<\/strong> oldu\u011fu sonucuna varacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n Not<\/strong> : Temsili bir \u00f6rnek<\/a> elde etmek i\u00e7in rastgele \u00f6rnekleme y\u00f6nteminin<\/a> kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir. Bu, \u00f6rnek sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ilgilenilen genel pop\u00fclasyona yans\u0131t\u0131labilmesini sa\u011flar.<\/span><\/p>\n Resmi bir makalede yayg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bildirirken, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar genellikle 10.000 veya 100.000’e b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f bir y\u00fczde veya say\u0131 kullan\u0131rlar.<\/span><\/p>\n \u00d6rne\u011fin X hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yayg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n 0,024 olarak hesapland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 varsayal\u0131m.<\/span><\/p>\n Bu de\u011feri bildirirken ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar \u015f\u00f6yle bir \u015fey yazacaklar:<\/span><\/p>\n Genel olarak prevalans de\u011feri ne kadar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olursa ki\u015fi say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n paydas\u0131 da o kadar y\u00fcksek olacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n \u00d6rne\u011fin, X hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n prevalans\u0131n\u0131n 0,000031 oldu\u011funu varsayal\u0131m.<\/span><\/p>\n Bu say\u0131 \u00e7ok az oldu\u011fundan ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar bunu \u015fu \u015fekilde bildirebilirler:<\/span><\/p>\n Bu, yayg\u0131nl\u0131k de\u011ferinin yorumlanmas\u0131n\u0131 ve anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n \u0130nsanlar\u0131n bazen prevalans ile kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir terim insidanst\u0131r<\/strong> .<\/span><\/p>\n \u0130nsidans,<\/strong> belirli bir d\u00f6nemde belirli bir \u00f6zelli\u011fe sahip yeni vakalar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ifade eder.<\/span><\/p>\n \u00d6rne\u011fin, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n belirli bir \u015fehirde 5.000 ki\u015fiden rastgele bir \u00f6rnek ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve ge\u00e7en y\u0131l 90 ki\u015finin X hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na yakaland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, di\u011fer 30 ki\u015finin ise uzun s\u00fcredir X hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffetti\u011fini varsayal\u0131m.<\/span><\/p>\n \u0130nsidans\u0131<\/strong> \u015fu \u015fekilde hesaplayabiliriz:<\/span><\/p>\n Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, s\u00f6z konusu \u015fehirde o d\u00f6nemde X hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fclme s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n 0,018<\/strong> veya %1,8<\/strong> oldu\u011fu sonucuna varacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n Bununla birlikte, yayg\u0131nl\u0131k, hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ne zaman geli\u015ftirdiklerine bak\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n, numunedeki X hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na sahip bireylerin toplam oran\u0131 olarak hesaplanacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla yayg\u0131nl\u0131k<\/strong> \u015fu \u015fekilde hesaplanacakt\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\n Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar \u015fu anda bu \u015fehirde X Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclme s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n 0,024<\/strong> veya %2,4<\/strong> oldu\u011fu sonucuna varacaklar.<\/span><\/p>\n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki e\u011fitimler istatistikte yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan di\u011fer terimler hakk\u0131nda bilgi sa\u011flar:<\/span><\/p>\n \u0130statistikte g\u00f6zlem nedir?<\/a> \u0130statistiklerde yayg\u0131nl\u0131k , bir pop\u00fclasyonda belirli bir d\u00f6nemde belirli bir \u00f6zelli\u011fi g\u00f6steren bireylerin oran\u0131d\u0131r. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar tipik olarak pop\u00fclasyondaki bireylerden rastgele bir \u00f6rnek alarak ve \u00f6rnekteki ka\u00e7 ki\u015finin belirli bir \u00f6zelli\u011fe sahip oldu\u011funu sayarak yayg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7er. \u00d6rne\u011fin, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n belirli bir \u015fehirdeki X hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yayg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamak istediklerini varsayal\u0131m. Bunu hesaplamak i\u00e7in \u015fehirden 5.000 ki\u015fiden olu\u015fan rastgele bir […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3233","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-rehber"],"yoast_head":"\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/ciprop1.png\")
<\/p>\n\n
Yayg\u0131nl\u0131k nas\u0131l bildirilir?<\/strong><\/h2>\n
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Prevalans ve insidans aras\u0131ndaki fark<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
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Ek kaynaklar<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
\u0130statistiklerdeki vakalar nelerdir?<\/a>
\u00d6n test ve son test olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedir?<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"