\u0130deal olarak, art\u0131k grafi\u011findeki noktalar\u0131n, net bir model olmadan, s\u0131f\u0131r de\u011feri etraf\u0131nda rastgele da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 istersiniz.<\/span><\/p>\n \u00c7izim noktalar\u0131n\u0131n kavisli bir desene sahip oldu\u011fu bir art\u0131k grafikle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131rsan\u0131z, bu muhtemelen veriler i\u00e7in belirtti\u011finiz regresyon modelinin do\u011fru olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/span><\/p>\n \u00c7o\u011fu durumda bu, ikinci dereceden bir e\u011filimi takip eden bir veri k\u00fcmesine do\u011frusal bir regresyon modeli yerle\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/span><\/p>\n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00f6rnek, pratikte e\u011fri bir art\u0131k grafi\u011fin nas\u0131l yorumlanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 (ve d\u00fczeltilece\u011fini) g\u00f6sterir.<\/span><\/p>\n Bir ofiste 11 farkl\u0131 ki\u015fi i\u00e7in haftal\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan saat say\u0131s\u0131 ve bildirilen mutluluk d\u00fczeyi (0’dan 100’e kadar bir \u00f6l\u00e7ekte) hakk\u0131nda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki verileri toplad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 varsayal\u0131m:<\/span> <\/p>\n \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan saatlere kar\u015f\u0131 mutluluk d\u00fczeyini g\u00f6steren basit bir da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m grafi\u011fi olu\u015ftursayd\u0131k, \u015f\u00f6yle g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrd\u00fc:<\/span> <\/p>\n \u015eimdi, mutluluk d\u00fczeylerini tahmin etmek i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan saatleri kullanarak bir regresyon modeli olu\u015fturmak istedi\u011fimizi varsayal\u0131m.<\/span><\/p>\n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki kod, basit bir do\u011frusal regresyon modelinin<\/strong> bu veri k\u00fcmesine nas\u0131l s\u0131\u011fd\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve R’de art\u0131k grafi\u011fin nas\u0131l olu\u015fturulaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir:<\/span> <\/p>\n X ekseni tak\u0131lan de\u011ferleri, y ekseni ise art\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler.<\/span><\/p>\n Grafikten art\u0131klarda kavisli bir modelin oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rebiliyoruz, bu da do\u011frusal regresyon modelinin bu veri setine uygun bir uyum sa\u011flamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor.<\/span><\/p>\n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki kod, ikinci dereceden bir regresyon modelinin<\/strong> bu veri k\u00fcmesine nas\u0131l s\u0131\u011fd\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve R’de bir art\u0131k grafi\u011finin nas\u0131l olu\u015fturulaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir:<\/span> <\/p>\n Bir kez daha x ekseni uygun de\u011ferleri, y ekseni ise art\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00f6sterir.<\/span><\/p>\n Grafikten art\u0131klar\u0131n s\u0131f\u0131r etraf\u0131nda rastgele da\u011f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve art\u0131klarda net bir trendin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rebiliriz.<\/span><\/p>\n Bu bize, ikinci dereceden bir regresyon modelinin, bu veri setini uydurma konusunda do\u011frusal bir regresyon modelinden \u00e7ok daha iyi bir i\u015f \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yler.<\/span><\/p>\n \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan saat ile mutluluk d\u00fczeyleri aras\u0131ndaki ger\u00e7ek ili\u015fkinin do\u011frusal de\u011fil ikinci dereceden oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, bu mant\u0131kl\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki e\u011fitimlerde farkl\u0131 istatistiksel yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar kullan\u0131larak art\u0131k grafiklerin nas\u0131l olu\u015fturulaca\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klanmaktad\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\n Elle Art\u0131k Yol Nas\u0131l Olu\u015fturulur<\/a> Art\u0131k grafikleri, bir regresyon modelinin art\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n normal da\u011f\u0131l\u0131p da\u011f\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve de\u011fi\u015fen varyans sergileyip sergilemedi\u011fini de\u011ferlendirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130deal olarak, art\u0131k grafi\u011findeki noktalar\u0131n, net bir model olmadan, s\u0131f\u0131r de\u011feri etraf\u0131nda rastgele da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 istersiniz. \u00c7izim noktalar\u0131n\u0131n kavisli bir desene sahip oldu\u011fu bir art\u0131k grafikle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131rsan\u0131z, bu muhtemelen veriler i\u00e7in belirtti\u011finiz regresyon modelinin do\u011fru olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir. \u00c7o\u011fu […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3811","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-rehber"],"yoast_head":"\n \u00d6rnek: E\u011fri bir art\u0131k grafi\u011fin yorumlanmas\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/quadti1.png\")
<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/courbe1.jpg\")
<\/p>\n #create dataframe\n<\/span>df <- data. frame<\/span> (hours=c(6, 9, 12, 14, 30, 35, 40, 47, 51, 55, 60),\n happiness=c(14, 28, 50, 70, 89, 94, 90, 75, 59, 44, 27))\n#fit linear regression model\n<\/span>linear_model <- lm(happiness ~ hours, data=df)\n\n#get list of residuals \n<\/span>res <- resid(linear_model)\n\n#produce residual vs. fitted plot\n<\/span>plot(fitted(linear_model), res, xlab=' Fitted Values<\/span> ', ylab=' Residuals<\/span> ')\n\n#add a horizontal line at 0 \n<\/span>abline(0,0)\n<\/strong><\/span><\/pre>\n![\"kavisli](\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/courbe2.jpg\")
<\/p>\n #create dataframe\n<\/span>df <- data. frame<\/span> (hours=c(6, 9, 12, 14, 30, 35, 40, 47, 51, 55, 60),\n happiness=c(14, 28, 50, 70, 89, 94, 90, 75, 59, 44, 27))\n#define quadratic term to use in model\ndf$hours2 <- df$hours^2\n\n#fit quadratic regression model\n<\/span>quadratic_model <- lm(happiness ~ hours + hours2, data=df)\n\n#get list of residuals \n<\/span>res <- resid(quadratic_model)\n\n#produce residual vs. fitted plot\n<\/span>plot(fitted(quadratic_model), res, xlab=' Fitted Values<\/span> ', ylab=' Residuals<\/span> ')\n\n#add a horizontal line at 0 \n<\/span>abline(0,0)<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span> <\/pre>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/courbe3.jpg\")
<\/p>\n Ek kaynaklar<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
R’de art\u0131k arsa nas\u0131l olu\u015fturulur<\/a>
Excel’de Art\u0131k Grafik Nas\u0131l Olu\u015fturulur<\/a>
Python’da Art\u0131k Arsa Nas\u0131l Olu\u015fturulur<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"