{"id":1861,"date":"2023-07-24T16:39:05","date_gmt":"2023-07-24T16:39:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/uk\/%d1%83%d0%b2%d1%96%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b8-r\/"},"modified":"2023-07-24T16:39:05","modified_gmt":"2023-07-24T16:39:05","slug":"%d1%83%d0%b2%d1%96%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b8-r","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/uk\/%d1%83%d0%b2%d1%96%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b8-r\/","title":{"rendered":"\u042f\u043a \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0445\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0437'\u0454\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f r (\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043c\u0438)"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

\n

\u0412\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044e log()<\/strong> \u0443 R, \u0449\u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0431\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e\u044e \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u044e:<\/span><\/p>\n

 #calculate log of 9 with base 3<\/span>\nlog(9, base=3)\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n
 \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443, R \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u0435 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f e<\/em> .<\/span><\/p>\n
 #calculate log of 9 with base e<\/em><\/span>\nlog(9)\n\n[1] 2.197225\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n
 \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c, \u044f\u043a \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0446\u044e \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044e \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0456.<\/span><\/p>\n
 \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434 1: \u043e\u0431\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0456\u0442\u044c \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0444\u043c \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
 \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0454, \u044f\u043a \u043e\u0431\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0443 R \u0437 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c \u0440\u0456\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0431\u0430\u0437:<\/span><\/p>\n
 #calculate log of 100 with base e<\/em><\/span>\nlog(100)\n\n[1] 4.60517\n\n#calculate log of 100 with base 10\n<\/span>log(100, base=10)\n\n[1] 2\n\n#calculate log of 100 with base 3\n<\/span>log(100, base=3)\n\n[1] 4.191807\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n
 \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434 2: \u043e\u0431\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0444\u043c\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0443 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0456<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
 \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0454, \u044f\u043a \u043e\u0431\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b \u043a\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0432 R:<\/span><\/p>\n
 #definevector\nx <- c(3, 6, 12, 16, 28, 45)<\/span>\n\n#calculate log of each value in vector with base e<\/em><\/span>\nlog(x)\n\n[1] 1.098612 1.791759 2.484907 2.772589 3.332205 3.806662\n<\/strong><\/pre>\n
 \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434 3: \u043e\u0431\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0443 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0456 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
 \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0454, \u044f\u043a \u043e\u0431\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0443 \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0446\u0456 \u043a\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0443 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0443 R:<\/span><\/p>\n
 #define data frame\ndf <- data. frame<\/span> (var1=c(1, 3, 3, 4, 5),\n                 var2=c(7, 7, 8, 3, 2),\n                 var3=c(3, 3, 6, 6, 8),\n                 var4=c(1, 1, 2, 8, 9))\n\n#calculate log of each value in 'var1' column\n<\/span>log(df$var1, base=10)<\/span>\n\n[1] 0.0000000 0.4771213 0.4771213 0.6020600 0.6989700\n<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/pre>\n
 \u0410 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0454, \u044f\u043a \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044e sapply()<\/strong> \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0443 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0446\u0456 \u043a\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0443 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445:<\/span><\/p>\n
 #define data frame\ndf <- data. frame<\/span> (var1=c(1, 3, 3, 4, 5),\n                 var2=c(7, 7, 8, 3, 2),\n                 var3=c(3, 3, 6, 6, 8),\n                 var4=c(1, 1, 2, 8, 9))\n\n#calculate log of values in every column\n<\/span>sapply(df, function<\/span> (x) log(x, base=10))\n\n          var1 var2 var3 var4\n[1,] 0.0000000 0.8450980 0.4771213 0.0000000\n[2,] 0.4771213 0.8450980 0.4771213 0.0000000\n[3,] 0.4771213 0.9030900 0.7781513 0.3010300\n[4,] 0.6020600 0.4771213 0.7781513 0.9030900\n[5,] 0.6989700 0.3010300 0.9030900 0.9542425\n<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/pre>\n
 \u0414\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0438<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
 \u042f\u043a \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0432 R (\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0444\u043c, \u043a\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0456\u043d\u044c, \u043a\u0443\u0431\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0456\u043d\u044c)<\/a>
 \u042f\u043a \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044e \u043a\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044f \u0432 R<\/a>
 \u042f\u043a \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0433 \u0446\u0456\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0432 R<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0412\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044e log() \u0443 R, \u0449\u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0431\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e\u044e \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u044e: #calculate log of 9 with base 3 log(9, base=3) \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443, R \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u0435 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f e . #calculate log of 9 with base e log(9) [1] 2.197225 \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c, \u044f\u043a \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0446\u044e \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044e \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0456. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u042f\u043a \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0445\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 log \u0432 R (\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043c\u0438) - Statorials<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0426\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0440\u0443\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044e\u0454, \u044f\u043a \u043e\u0431\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b \u0443 R \u0437\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e\u044e \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 log() \u0456\u0437 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043c\u0438.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/uk\/\u0443\u0432\u0456\u0438\u0442\u0438-r\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"uk_UA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u042f\u043a \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0445\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 log \u0432 R (\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043c\u0438) - Statorials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0426\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0440\u0443\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044e\u0454, \u044f\u043a \u043e\u0431\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b \u0443 R \u0437\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e\u044e \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 log() \u0456\u0437 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043c\u0438.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/uk\/\u0443\u0432\u0456\u0438\u0442\u0438-r\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Statorials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-07-24T16:39:05+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u0420\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u041d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u0420\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u043b. \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 \u0445\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/uk\/%d1%83%d0%b2%d1%96%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b8-r\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/uk\/%d1%83%d0%b2%d1%96%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b8-r\/\",\"name\":\"\u042f\u043a \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0445\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 log \u0432 R (\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043c\u0438) - Statorials\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/uk\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-07-24T16:39:05+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-24T16:39:05+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/uk\/#\/schema\/person\/2affa1a5da08a4b61ab4becd078c191a\"},\"description\":\"\u0426\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0440\u0443\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044e\u0454, \u044f\u043a \u043e\u0431\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b \u0443 R \u0437\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e\u044e \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 log() \u0456\u0437 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430 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