{"id":962,"date":"2023-07-28T04:00:13","date_gmt":"2023-07-28T04:00:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/uk\/%d1%81%d1%82%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b8%d1%84%d1%96%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%b0%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d0%b2%d0%b8%d0%b1%d1%96%d1%80%d0%ba%d0%b0-r\/"},"modified":"2023-07-28T04:00:13","modified_gmt":"2023-07-28T04:00:13","slug":"%d1%81%d1%82%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b8%d1%84%d1%96%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%b0%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d0%b2%d0%b8%d0%b1%d1%96%d1%80%d0%ba%d0%b0-r","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/statorials.org\/uk\/%d1%81%d1%82%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b8%d1%84%d1%96%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%b0%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d0%b2%d0%b8%d0%b1%d1%96%d1%80%d0%ba%d0%b0-r\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0421\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0456\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u0432 r (\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043c\u0438)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0414\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0442\u044c <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/uk\/\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0438-\u0432\u0456\u0434\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043a\u0438<\/a> \u0437 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0437 \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0456\u0440\u043a\u0438, \u0449\u043e\u0431 \u0437\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0456\u044e \u0432 \u0446\u0456\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0443.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0417\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0456\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u0454 <strong>\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0456\u0440\u043a\u0430<\/strong> , \u0437\u0430 \u044f\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443 \u0441\u0443\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0456\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0438, \u0456 \u043f\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0443 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0447\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0456\u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043c \u0447\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0456\u0440\u043a\u0443.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0426\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0440\u0443\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044e\u0454, \u044f\u043a \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0456\u0440\u043a\u0443 \u0432 R.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434: \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0456\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u0432 R<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0421\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044f \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 400 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0456\u0432, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u0454 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u043e\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0448\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043c\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0456\u043c\u043e, \u043c\u0438 \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u043e \u0432\u0437\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0456\u0440\u043a\u0443 \u0437 40 \u0443\u0447\u043d\u0456\u0432, \u0449\u043e\u0431 \u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0456\u0440\u043a\u0443 \u0431\u0443\u043b\u043e \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043e 10 \u0443\u0447\u043d\u0456\u0432 \u0437 \u043a\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0443.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0423 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0447\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0456 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e, \u044f\u043a \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043a \u043a\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0443 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0456\u0437 400 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0456\u0432:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\">#make this example reproducible<\/span>\nset.seed(1)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#create data frame<\/span>\ndf &lt;- data.frame(grade = rep(c('Freshman', 'Sophomore', 'Junior', 'Senior'), <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">each<\/span> =100),\n                 gpa = rnorm(400, mean=85, sd=3))\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#view first six rows of data frame\n<\/span>head(df)\n\n     gpa grade\n1 Freshman 83.12064\n2 Freshman 85.55093\n3 Freshman 82.49311\n4 Freshman 89.78584\n5 Freshman 85.98852\n6 Freshman 82.53859<\/strong><\/pre>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0421\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0456\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e\u044e \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0445\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0443 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0432<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0423 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0447\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0456 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e, \u044f\u043a \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 <strong>group_by()<\/strong> \u0456 <strong>sample_n()<\/strong> \u0437 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430 <a href=\"https:\/\/dplyr.tidyverse.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">dplyr<\/a> \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0457 \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0456\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u0437 40 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u0456\u0437 10 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0437 \u043a\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0443:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #993300;\">library<\/span> (dplyr)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#obtain laminated sample<\/span>\nstrat_sample &lt;- df %&gt;%\n                  <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">group_by<\/span> (grade) %&gt;%\n                  <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">sample_n<\/span> (size=10)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#find frequency of students from each grade\n<\/span>table(strat_sample$grade)\n\n Freshman Junior Senior Sophomore \n       10 10 10 10 \n<\/strong><\/pre>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0421\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0456\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u0437 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0432<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0454, \u044f\u043a \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 <strong>group_by()<\/strong> \u0456 <strong>sample_frac()<\/strong> \u0437 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430 <a href=\"https:\/\/dplyr.tidyverse.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">dplyr<\/a> \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0457 \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0456\u0440\u043a\u0438, \u0437 \u044f\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u043c\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0454\u043c\u043e 15% \u0443\u0447\u043d\u0456\u0432 \u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0456:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background-color: #ececec; font-size: 15px;\"> <strong><span style=\"color: #993300;\">library<\/span> (dplyr)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#obtain laminated sample<\/span>\nstrat_sample &lt;- df %&gt;%\n                  <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">group_by<\/span> (grade) %&gt;%\n                  <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">sample_frac<\/span> (size=.15)\n\n<span style=\"color: #008080;\">#find frequency of students from each grade\n<\/span>table(strat_sample$grade)\n\n Freshman Junior Senior Sophomore \n       15 15 15 15<\/strong><\/pre>\n<h3> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0414\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0438<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/uk\/\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0438-\u0432\u0456\u0434\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u0412\u0438\u0434\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0456\u0432 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/uk\/\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430-\u0432\u0438\u0431\u0456\u0440\u043a\u0430-r\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u041a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0456\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u0432 R<\/a><br \/> <a href=\"https:\/\/statorials.org\/uk\/\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0438-\u0432\u0456\u0434\u0431\u0456\u0440-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431-r\/\">\u0421\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0456\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u0432 \u0420<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0414\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u0437 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0437 \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0456\u0440\u043a\u0438, \u0449\u043e\u0431 \u0437\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0438 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\u043a\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043c \u0447\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0456\u0440\u043a\u0443. \u0426\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0440\u0443\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044e\u0454, \u044f\u043a \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0456\u0440\u043a\u0443 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.5 - 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